scholarly journals Detection of Serum Levels of IL-17 and CCL-5 in a Sample of Iraqi Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 2887-2893
Author(s):  
Entssar S. Hafid ◽  
May K. Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Immune Tissues ◽  
The Mean

      Cytokines and chemokines are small-secreted proteins involved in many aspects of cell development, differentiation, and activation functions. A prominent characteristic of these molecules is their effect on the immune system in relation to the development of cell trafficking and immune tissues and organs. Furthermore, they play an important role in initiating and coordinating the organized and sequential recruitment and activation of cells into Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected lungs. We aimed to evaluate the levels of interleukin -17 (IL-17) and the chemotactic chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) in the sera of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. About 90 subjects were included, involving 50 patients with pulmonary TB and 40 apparently healthy individuals who were selected as a control group. Sera were obtained for measuring IL-17 and CCL-5 levels by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that serum levels of IL-17 showed no significant differences between each patient's group and control. In contrast, the serum level of CCL-5 was significantly increased in pulmonary tuberculosis patients compared to control (P ≤0.01). The mean ±SE values of IL-17 level in PTB patients and controls were 43.06 ±3.64 and 41.009 ± 0.009 pg/ml, respectively. While, the mean ±SE values of CCL-5 level in PTB patients and controls were 455.40 ±25.35 and 80.86 ± 5.96 ng/L, respectively. The results of the current study suggest that high levels of CCL-5 in the sera of PTB patients may indicate an important role in the immunopathogenesis of the disease. Therefore, this chemokine could be considered as a useful biomarker for the severity of PTB infections.

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

scholarly journals Correlation between serum homocysteine, folate, vitamin B6 and age-related cataract

Pteridines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Cheng Ma ◽  
Zengye Liu ◽  
Shuang Yao ◽  
Luning Hei ◽  
Weiwei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Age-related cataracts (ARC) are the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness, affecting 16 million subjects globally. This work aimed to investigate the correlation of serum homocysteine (Hcy), folate, vitamin B6 (VitB6) and ARC. We prospectively enrolled 60 ARC, and 58 age-matched healthy controls in this study. The serum concentrations of Hcy were determined using a fully automatic biochemical analyzer and folate/VitB6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The diagnostic performance of serum Hcy, folate and VitB6 for ARC were evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC). The mean serum levels of Hcy, folate and VitB6 from the control group were 9.8 ± 2.1 μmol/L, 17.4 ± 2.3 nmol/L, 42.3 ± 5.7 pmol/L, respectively. In comparison, the mean serum levels of Hcy, folate and VitB6 from the ARC group were 12.2 ± 2.5 μmol/L, 15.3 ± 2.6 nmol/L, 40.3 ± 5.1 pmol/L, respectively. Significant statistical difference (p<0.05) were found between the control and ARC groups. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC of serum Hcy as a biomarker for ARC were 53.1%, 76.3% and 0.66 (95% CI:0.61-0.76), respectively, which were superior to that of serum folate and VitB6. Serum Hcy was significantly elevated in ARC patients and correlated with ARC development, thus may be used as a serological marker for ARC diagnosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Acute Toxoplasmosis on Anxiety and Cortisol and Interleukin-17 Levels in Male Rats: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fallah ◽  
Tayebeh Shamsi Ehsan ◽  
Iraj Salehi ◽  
Amir Hossein Maghsood ◽  
Mohammad Matini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Activity ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic protozoan with worldwide distribution. Recent studies have shown that the transmission of T. gondii is facilitated by its ability to modify the host’s behavior. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of T. gondii infection on anxiety in an animal model and determine the levels of cortisol and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in rats. Methods: In this study, 40 rats were randomly allocated to four groups, namely uninfected animals as the control group, infected group, infected and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)-treated group, and infected and dexamethasone-receiving group. Thirty days after the infection, the rats were subjected to behavioral tests utilizing the plus maze. The cortisol and IL-17 levels in the serum of the infected rats were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The infected rats had a significantly higher number of entries to the open arms, and the mean spent time in the open arms was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). The dexamethasone-receiving and TMP-SMX-treated rats had a lower number of entries to the open arms, and the mean spent time in the open arms was less than that of the infected group; however, there were no significant differences in closed arm entries between different groups and the control group. Regarding the total activity, the infected rats had significantly higher values than the controls, dexamethasone-receiving rats, and TMP-SMX-treated rats; nevertheless, the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: In conclusion, it was observed that T. gondii had anxiolytic effects, and IL-17 and cortisol levels increased in the serum of the infected rats.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM CALCIUM LEVELS AND SMEAR GRADING AMONG THE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Sood ◽  
Sanjay Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group Serum

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is contagious and airborne. TB was one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide in 2017.  It is also the leading killer of people with HIV and a major cause of deaths related to antimicrobial resistance. Methods: Microscopically confirmed TB patients were included in the cases group and healthy individuals in the control group. Serum Ca was estimated by kit method, by auto analyzer. ANOVA and t- test was used to find the statistical significance. Results: The mean serum Ca was 7.32±1.22 mg/dl in TB and 9.41±2.13 mg/dl in controls. The mean serum Ca levels were 7.22±1.20 mg/dl, 7.14±1.14 mg/dl, 7.12±1.10 mg/dl and 7.06±1.02 mg/dl respectively for scanty, 1+. 2+ and 3+; statistically the difference were not significant (P > 0.05) between the grades. Conclusion: Hypocalcemia observed in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. No correlation was found between the mean serum Ca levels and grading. Keywords: Calcium, TB, AFB.

scholarly journals The Changes of Interleukin 17 levels On Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with AFB Smear-Positive After 2 Months Anti Tuberculosis Drugs Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-26
Author(s):  
Andy Sulaiman Siregar ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean

Background: Tuberculosis still remain as a health problem in the world. No specific biomarkers can be used to monitor the rapid response to TB therapy. This study aims to assess the change of IL-17 levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with AFB smear-positive before and after 2 months of anti tuberculosis drugs (ATD) treatment. Method: Design of study is analytic observational with prospective cohort. The subject include 17 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with AFB smear-positive in Soetomo Hospital Surabaya from July - October 2016. Plasma levels of IL-17 were measured using ELISA technique before treatment and 2 months after the ATD therapy. Results: The mean levels of IL-17 before treatment is 3.510 pg / ml (2.087- 5.051 pg/ml). There were significantly decreament (p = 0.001

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy with diabetic macular edema

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212094480
Author(s):  
Yong Hyun Jun ◽  
Seong Taeck Kim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To investigate aqueous humor (AH) and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: The prospective study consists of 20 patients with DME NPDR, 20 patients with no-DME NPDR, and 20 healthy control subjects. Serum and AH samples were obtained during cataract surgery and intravitreal injection. Serum and AH levels of BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The mean serum levels of BDNF were lower in both NPDR groups compared to the control group (DME NPDR group, p = 0.015; no-DME NPDR group, p = 0.024). Furthermore, the mean serum level of BDNF was lower in the DME NPDR group compared to the no-DME NPDR group ( p = 0.041). The mean AH levels of BDNF were significantly reduced in both NPDR groups compared to the control group (DME NPDR group, p < 0.001; no-DME NPDR group, p = 0.006). Further, the mean AH level of BDNF was significantly lower in the DME NPDR group compared to the no-DME NPDR group ( p = 0.037). Conclusion: Serum and AH levels of BDNF were reduced in NPDR patients with DME than without DME.

Serum Levels and α1-Antitrypsin Phenotypes in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fertakis ◽  
A. Archimandritis ◽  
A. Tsourapas ◽  
D. Douratsos ◽  
B. Angelopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Radial Immunodiffusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
The Mean

α1-at phenotypes and serum levels were studied in 100 Greek patients of pulmonary TBC by starch-gel electrophoresis and radial immunodiffusion. The mean value of α1-at (315 ± 77) was significantly lower (p < 0.005) than in the control group. An attempt is made to explain this finding based on the α1-at phenotypes distribution in the TBC patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of pregnenolone sulfate, pregnanolone and estradiol levels between patients with menstrually-related migraine and controls: an exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Rustichelli ◽  
Elisa Bellei ◽  
Stefania Bergamini ◽  
Emanuela Monari ◽  
Flavia Lo Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allosteric Modulator ◽  
Positive Allosteric Modulator ◽  
Pregnenolone Sulfate ◽  
Menstrually Related Migraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Abstract Background Neurosteroids affect the balance between neuroexcitation and neuroinhibition but have been little studied in migraine. We compared the serum levels of pregnenolone sulfate, pregnanolone and estradiol in women with menstrually-related migraine and controls and analysed if a correlation existed between the levels of the three hormones and history of migraine and age. Methods Thirty women (mean age ± SD: 33.5 ± 7.1) with menstrually-related migraine (MM group) and 30 aged- matched controls (mean age ± SD: 30.9 ± 7.9) participated in the exploratory study. Pregnenolone sulfate and pregnanolone serum levels were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, while estradiol levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum levels of pregnenolone sulfate and pregnanolone were significantly lower in the MM group than in controls (pregnenolone sulfate: P = 0.0328; pregnanolone: P = 0.0271, Student’s t-test), while estradiol levels were similar. In MM group, pregnenolone sulfate serum levels were negatively correlated with history of migraine (R2 = 0.1369; P = 0.0482) and age (R2 = 0.2826, P = 0.0025) while pregnenolone sulfate levels were not age-related in the control group (R2 = 0.04436, P = 0.4337, linear regression analysis). Conclusion Low levels of both pregnanolone, a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, and pregnenolone sulfate, a positive allosteric modulator of the NMDA receptor, involved in memory and learning, could contribute either to headache pain or the cognitive dysfunctions reported in migraine patients. Overall, our results agree with the hypothesis that migraine is a disorder associated with a loss of neurohormonal integrity, thus supporting the therapeutic potential of restoring low neurosteroid levels in migraine treatment.

scholarly journals Role of Cardiac Biomarkers in the Assessment of Acute Cerebrovascular Accident

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Radhakrishnan ◽  
Swathy Moorthy ◽  
Sudish Gadde ◽  
Krishnaswamy Madhavan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cardiac Enzymes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) has for long been a global burden in terms of its morbidity and mortality. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) component, troponin T, and brain natriuretic peptide have been found to be elevated among the patients with stroke and also serve to prognosticate these patients. The serum levels of these enzymes correlate directly to the severity of stroke in these patients. Objective Elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents are not uncommon despite the patients not having any cardiac problems. We aimed to identify the occurrence of elevated cardiac enzymes among patients with acute stroke and their correlation with the severity of stroke. Materials and Methods Our study included 100 patients of acute stroke with no previous history of cardiac ailments. Serum levels of troponin I and CK-MB were analyzed among these patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method within the first 2 hours of admission. Patients outcome during the hospital stay were analyzed. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke score (NIHS score) and the modified Rankin Score (mRS). The cardiac enzyme levels were correlated with these scores. Results Twenty-eight percent of patients had elevated troponin I, while 72% patients had normal levels with the mean values of 10.36 to 106.54 ng/mL and 0.00 to 0.02 ng/mL, respectively. CK-MB levels were found elevated among 14% patients and normal among 86% patients with mean values of 5.8 to 124.36 and 0.0 to 4.3 ng/mL, respectively. Among the six patients who succumbed to death, three patients had increased troponin I and four had elevated CK-MB. NIHS scores of 21.0357±6.79 and 105.277±5.564 were seen in patients with elevated and normal troponin I, whereas NIHS scores of 20.4285±8.658 and 11.8721±9.273 were seen among patients with increased and normal CK-MB, respectively. The mRS scores were 4.3214±0.367, 2.4305±1.374, 4.2143±1.412, and 2.756±1.749 ng/mL among the patients with elevated and normal troponin I and CK-MB, respectively. Conclusion The mean values of cardiac enzymes troponin I and CK-MB were higher among patients with higher scores of NIHS and mRS. Among them, troponin I was very significant and it may serve as an early biomarker for the severity of stroke and hint on early cardiac evaluation among these patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship between the Level of DHEA-S and Sex Hormones in Some Infertile Iraqi Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Khaled S. Abd ◽  
Adnan F. AL-Azzawie
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to evaluate serum levels of the Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and its relationship with some sex hormones such as Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin and testosterone hormone and the infertility type in some infertile Iraqi men. Blood and seminal fluid samples from (60) idiopathic male infertile and (60) healthful individuals as a control group aged (18 to 60 year) were collected from private clinics. Serum hormones (DHEA-S, FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone) were measurement using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The levels of DHEA-S, FSH, LH and prolactin are significantly higher (P≤0.01) expect of the testosterone level was significantly decreased (P≤ 0.01) in the infertile men as compared with control group. High significant differences (P≤0.01) were recorded when comparing the hormonal levels (DHEA-S, FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone) according to the age groups. There are significant differences (P≤ 0.01) in levels of (DHEA-S, FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone) in the infertility period.  Smoker infertile men have high levels (P≤ 0.05) in the DHEA-S and LH while have low levels in the prolactin hormones compared with control. Patients with family history have shown significant differences (P≤0.05) in the levels of DHEA-S, FSH, LH and prolactin. In conclusion, this study revealed significantly increase in the DHEA-S levels in the infertile men and negative correlation between DHEA-S and FSH. Therefore, DHEA-S has important role in the diagnosis and follow up of the male infertility.

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