scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM CALCIUM LEVELS AND SMEAR GRADING AMONG THE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Sood ◽  
Sanjay Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group Serum

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is contagious and airborne. TB was one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide in 2017.  It is also the leading killer of people with HIV and a major cause of deaths related to antimicrobial resistance. Methods: Microscopically confirmed TB patients were included in the cases group and healthy individuals in the control group. Serum Ca was estimated by kit method, by auto analyzer. ANOVA and t- test was used to find the statistical significance. Results: The mean serum Ca was 7.32±1.22 mg/dl in TB and 9.41±2.13 mg/dl in controls. The mean serum Ca levels were 7.22±1.20 mg/dl, 7.14±1.14 mg/dl, 7.12±1.10 mg/dl and 7.06±1.02 mg/dl respectively for scanty, 1+. 2+ and 3+; statistically the difference were not significant (P > 0.05) between the grades. Conclusion: Hypocalcemia observed in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. No correlation was found between the mean serum Ca levels and grading. Keywords: Calcium, TB, AFB.

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

scholarly journals Outcome of GnRH antagonist ICSI cycles triggered by GnRH agonist plus Recombinant hCG versus triggered with Recombinant hCG alone in fresh autologous ICSI cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Wafaa Mohammed Abed ◽  
Mohammed Oda Selman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Final Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

To explore whether dual triggering for final oocyte maturation using a low dose of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) plus gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) is as effective as the standard dose of recombinant hCG triggering alone in term of a total number of retrieved oocytes, fertilization and pregnancy rate in fresh autologous antagonist intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. 80 infertile women undergoing ICSI, aged ˂ 40 years, 18˂ Body mass index ˂30 Kg/m2 included in fresh autologous antagonist ICSI cycles. 40 women received a Standard dose of recombinant hCG (500 µg) alone and 40 women received GnRH-a (0.2 mg triptorelin plus 250 µg recombinant hCG) were used for final oocytes maturation. This study was conducted at the High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Techniques, Al Nahrain University. The mean total number of retrieved oocytes, fertilization, and pregnancy rate were measured. The mean total oocyte number being statistically higher in the dual trigger group. The mean number of fertilized oocytes and clinical pregnancy rates was higher in the dual trigger group than in the control group, but the difference showed borderline statistical significance. Furthermore, fertilization rates show no statistical difference between the control group and the dual trigger group. Results of the study confirm that dual triggers show favorable improvement in fresh autologous antagonist ICSI cycles with the use of GnRH agonists plus hCG compared with hCG alone for triggering of final oocyte maturation.

scholarly journals Detection of Serum Levels of IL-17 and CCL-5 in a Sample of Iraqi Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 2887-2893
Author(s):  
Entssar S. Hafid ◽  
May K. Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Immune Tissues ◽  
The Mean

      Cytokines and chemokines are small-secreted proteins involved in many aspects of cell development, differentiation, and activation functions. A prominent characteristic of these molecules is their effect on the immune system in relation to the development of cell trafficking and immune tissues and organs. Furthermore, they play an important role in initiating and coordinating the organized and sequential recruitment and activation of cells into Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected lungs. We aimed to evaluate the levels of interleukin -17 (IL-17) and the chemotactic chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) in the sera of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. About 90 subjects were included, involving 50 patients with pulmonary TB and 40 apparently healthy individuals who were selected as a control group. Sera were obtained for measuring IL-17 and CCL-5 levels by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that serum levels of IL-17 showed no significant differences between each patient's group and control. In contrast, the serum level of CCL-5 was significantly increased in pulmonary tuberculosis patients compared to control (P ≤0.01). The mean ±SE values of IL-17 level in PTB patients and controls were 43.06 ±3.64 and 41.009 ± 0.009 pg/ml, respectively. While, the mean ±SE values of CCL-5 level in PTB patients and controls were 455.40 ±25.35 and 80.86 ± 5.96 ng/L, respectively. The results of the current study suggest that high levels of CCL-5 in the sera of PTB patients may indicate an important role in the immunopathogenesis of the disease. Therefore, this chemokine could be considered as a useful biomarker for the severity of PTB infections.

scholarly journals Adropin and Irisin Deficiencies Are Associated With Presence of Diagonal Earlobe Crease in CAD Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wei ◽  
Ronghuai Zhang ◽  
Zhanfang Zhu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Qi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Prognostic Power ◽  
Group Serum

Background and Aims: Diagonal earlobe crease (ELC) has been considered a potential cutaneous marker of atherosclerosis. However, the potential mechanism by which ELC and atherosclerosis are linked has not been adequately defined. Roles of adropin and irisin, novel biomarkers of endothelial function, in ELC have not been well-studied. This study aimed to test whether individuals with ELC are deficient in adropin and irisin, a characteristic that would likely promote endothelial dysfunction and provide a plausible common pathological basis for atherosclerosis and ELC.Methods: Patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) with (n = 45) and without (n = 45) ELC were consecutively enrolled in the study. The ages of the patients enrolled ranged from 40–70 years. Other patients (n = 45) without ELC or CAD were recruited as the control group. All patients underwent coronary angiography. Serum adropin and irisin concentrations were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: Circulating levels of irisin in the ELC group were significantly lower than those in the non-ELC group, and were highest in the control group. Serum adropin levels of the ELC group were significantly lower than those of the non-ELC group (P < 0.001). Interestingly, although the serum adropin level of the control group was greater than that of the non-ELC group, the difference failed to achieve statistical significance. In subgroup analysis of CAD and ELC, both serum adropin and irisin levels of the CAD and ELC groups were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that adropin and irisin have similar prognostic power for CAD and ELC.Conclusions: Low adropin and irisin were significantly associated with CAD and ELC. The deficiencies in adropin and irisin may be a common cause of both atherosclerosis and ELC, which explains why patients with ELC are prone to CAD.

scholarly journals Comparison of Opening Torque of Grooved and Non-grooved Memory Alloy Screws for Mandibular Fracture Fixation

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Bijan Movahhedian ◽  
Shadab Ghods ◽  
Anahita Azadi ◽  
Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Fracture Fixation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mandibular Fracture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background and aims. The aim of this study was to assess the opening torque of grooved and non-grooved screws made of shape memory alloys (SMA) for fixation of mandibular fractures. Materials and methods. In this in vitro study the opening torques of ten SMA screws with grooves and ten SMA screws without grooves were compared in 20 holes (10 holes for grooved screws and 10 holes for non-grooved screws) placed in the bovine mandible. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results. The mean opening torque was 2.27 ± 0.43 nm for screws in the control group and 2.05 ± 0.45 nm for screws in the grooved group (P < 0.05, P = 0.08). Conclusion. This study revealed that the torque needed for opening the grooved screws was higher in comparison with current fixation screws; however, the difference was not statistically significant.

Clinical Study of Qingpeng Ointment Treatment of Shoulder-Hand Syndrome After Cerebral Hemorrhage During the Rehabilitation Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruihuan Pan ◽  
Shanshan Ling ◽  
Haodong Yang ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Lechang Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Difference

Background: Shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) refers to a syndrome causing sudden edema, shoulder pain and limited hand function. Qingpeng ointment, a kind of Tibetan medicine, can reduce swelling, relieve pain, tonify stagnation and clear the meridians, which is consistent with the pathological mechanism of SHS after stroke. Therefore, if clinical trials can be used to explore the effectiveness of Qingpeng ointment for treatment of poststroke SHS and promote its application in clinical medicine, this is of specific significance for the treatment of poststroke SHS. Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of Qingpeng ointment in the treatment of poststroke SHS. To provide an objective basis for a better therapeutic treatment for poststroke SHS． Method: A prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted. This study recruited 120 patients with poststroke SHS who met the inclusion criteria. They were randomized into the treatment group and the control group, with 60 patients allocated to each group. The treatment group received routine medical treatment and rehabilitative care after using the Qingpeng ointment, while the patients in the control group received only routine treatment without the ointment. All patients received clinical assessment with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), measurement of the range of motion (ROM) of the upper-limb joints, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-U) and the Modified Barthel Index Score (MBI) before and after the whole treatment. Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, the VAS scores of both groups were decreased significantly (P＜0.05), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There is no statistical significance for the difference between the treatment group and control group in terms of the FMA-U and MBI scores and the forward bend, backward, outstretch, external rotation and pronation angles after treatment. The increases in the values of VAS, FMA-M and MBI in the treatment group were greater than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The increases in the values of the forward bend, outreach and external rotation angles in the treatment group were greater than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The treatment group showed better results than the control group in terms of the relief of pain symptoms, the improvement of motor function and the improvement of the activities of daily living for patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after cerebral hemorrhage. Qingpeng ointment is effective and safe in treating poststroke SHS.

scholarly journals Involvement of the Inconstant Bursa of the Fifth Metatarsophalangeal Joint in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Clinical and Ultrasonographic Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Ciancio ◽  
Stefania Volpinari ◽  
Maria Fotinidi ◽  
Federica Furini ◽  
Ilaria Farina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Metatarsal Bone ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Seronegative Spondyloarthritis ◽  
The Difference

Objective. To evaluate the involvement of the bursa located next to the head of the 5th metatarsal bone in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in comparison with the other seronegative spondyloarthritis (SpA).Methods. All patients with PsA seen during a period of 24 months were enrolled. The control group included healthy subjects and patients with the other SpA. All subjects underwent clinical and ultrasound (US) examination of the lateral surface of the 5th metatarsal.Results. 150 PsA patients (88 M; 62 F), 172 SpA (107 M; 65 F), and 95 healthy controls (58 M; 37 F) were evaluated. Based on clinical and US evaluation, bursitis was diagnosed in 17/150 (11.3%) PsA patients but in none of the SpA (P<0.0001) and healthy (P=0.0002) controls. In detecting bursitis, US was more sensitive than clinical examination, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P=0.09).Conclusion. The bursa of the 5th metatarsophalangeal joint appears to be involved in PsA more frequently than by chance. If confirmed by other studies, this finding could be considered as a distinctive clinical sign of PsA, useful for differential diagnosis with the other SpA. In asymptomatic patients, US proved to be more sensitive in the detection of bursitis.

Autoimmune thyroid disease in patients with anti-GAD positive type 1 diabetes mellitus

Open Medicine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Kamile Gul ◽  
Ihsan Ustun ◽  
Yusuf Aydin ◽  
Dilek Berker ◽  
Halil Erol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Type 1 Dm

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the frequency and titers of anti-thyroid peroxidase (Anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (Anti-TG), and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (Anti-GAD) antibodies in Turkish patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), and to compare the frequency of anti-TPO and anti-TG titers in the presence or absence of anti-GAD. A total of 104 patients including 56 males and 48 females with type 1 DM and their age-, gender-, and body mass index-matched control group, including 31 males and 27 females, 58 cases in total with an age range of 15-50 years, were recruited into this study. In patients with type 1 DM, positive anti-GAD was detected in 30.8% (n=32). In patients with positive anti-GAD, rate of positive anti-TPO was 37.5%; however, in patients with negative anti-GAD, the rate of positive anti-TPO was 9.7% and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). In patients with positive anti-GAD, the rate of positive anti-TG was 18.8%. In patients with negative anti-GAD, the rate of positive anti-TG was 2.8%, and the difference between them was statistically significant (p=0.005). In patients with positive and negative anti-GAD, rates of both positive anti-TPO and anti-TG were 15.6% and 1.4%, respectively, with the difference showing statistical significance (p=0.004). Thyroid autoimmunity in type 1 DM patients with positive anti-GAD was apparently higher; therefore, these patients should be followed more frequently and carefully.

Does Xbox 360 Kinect training improve postural balance in young healthy adults? A preliminary study. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Grabowicz ◽  
Anna Daniluk ◽  
Anna Hadamus ◽  
Dariusz Białoszewski
Keyword(s):  
Postural Balance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Unstable Surface ◽  
Baseline Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
P Balance

BACKGROUND Balance training in young adults may increase coordination, cognitive function or the symmetry of strength on both sides of the body. It is an essential tool for injury or fall prevention and a precondition for becoming a professional athlete. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Xbox 360 Kinect training on postural balance in young, healthy individuals. METHODS The study enrolled 75 individuals who were randomly assigned to three equal groups. The first group (Group VR) performed exercises on an Xbox 360 Kinect console, and the second group (Group T) performed conventional all-round exercises. The third group was a control group (Group C). Each group underwent balance assessments on the Biodex Balance posturographic platform, including the Balance Error Scoring System test, before and after the training cycle. The level of statistical significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS Group VR and Group T achieved statistically significant improvements in the sway index compared with baseline. Group T gained significant decrease in the sway index on the unstable surface (P=.002). Group VR and group T demonstrated significant decreases in the mean sway index on stable and unstable surfaces (group VR — P=.035; group T — P=.001) Group C did not achieve a statistically significant improvement in the sway index. None of the groups demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the test error count. CONCLUSIONS Virtual reality in the form of video games played on an Xbox 360 Kinect console may be an effective method of balance training in healthy individuals.

The Quality Analysis of Hallux Valgus Videos on YouTube

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enes Sari ◽  
Levent FAZLI Umur
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to evaluate the information quality of YouTube videos on hallux valgus. METHODS:A YouTube search was performed using the keyword 'hallux valgus' to determine the first 300 videos related to hallux valgus. A total of 54 videos met our inclusion criteria and evaluated for information quality by using DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) and hallux valgus information assessment (HAVIA) scores. Number of views, time since the upload date, view rate, number of comments, number of likes, number of dislikes, video power index (VPI) values were calculated to determine video popularity. Video length (sec), video source and video content were also noted. The relation between information quality and these factors were statistically evaluated. RESULTS:The mean DISCERN score was 30.35{plus minus}11.56 (poor quality) (14-64), the mean JAMA score was 2.28{plus minus}0.96 (1-4), and the mean HAVIA score was 3.63{plus minus}2.42 (moderate quality) (0.5-8.5). Although videos uploaded by physicians had higher mean DISCERN, JAMA, and HAVIA scores than videos uploaded by non-physicians, the difference was not statistically significant. Additionally, view rates and VPI values were higher for videos uploaded by health channels, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between video length and DISCERN (r= 0.294, p= 0.028), and HAVIA scores (r= 0.326, p= 0.015). CONCLUSIONS:This present study demonstrated that the quality of information available on YouTube videos about hallux valgus was low and insufficient. Videos containing accurate information from reliable sources are needed to educate patients on hallux valgus, especially in less frequently mentioned topics such as postoperative complications and healing period.

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