Postoperative Cephazolin Usage is Sufficient for Preventing Infection                     after Septoplasty Procedure

The use of antibiotics in septoplasty is a common practice among most ear, nose, and throat doctors; however, there are few studies proving the efficacy, which is considered as unnecessary by some authors. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of two different kinds of antimicrobial agent on efficacy and safety after septoplasty surgery and to show that use of cephazolin, 1.0 g, postoperatively, might be sufficient for preventing infection after septoplasty procedure. Patients were randomly divided into two groups with a simple randomization method. The first group of 80 patients received cephazolin, 1.0 g i.v., once postoperatively and the second group of 80 patients received amoxicillin–clavulanate orally for 7 days postoperatively (1000 mg). An early and late postoperative questionnaire and nasal endoscopy evaluation was performed and patients were followed up in the outpatient service to investigate the presence of complications. There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between groups A and B, using visual analog scale scores at the 1st postoperative day. There were no differences related to the amount of purulent discharge found at the lower margin of the inferior turbinate through nasal endoscopy performed on the 14th day postoperatively. There were no statistical significances among groups for complications rates and postoperative endoscopic evaluation. Septoplasties are considered potentially contaminated surgeries, and cephazolin, 1.0 g i.v., given once postoperatively is enough to prevent potential complications with its easy and effective use.

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The Effect of Loneliness on Death Anxiety in the Elderly During the COVID-19 Pandemic

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/00302228211010587 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003022282110105

Author(s):

Türkan Akyol Guner ◽

Zeynep Erdogan ◽

Isa Demir

Keyword(s):

Death Anxiety ◽

The Elderly ◽

Average Score ◽

City Center ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North West ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Education Status ◽

At Home

The aim of the study is to determine the effect on death anxiety of loneliness in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The population of this study that is descriptive and cross-sectional type consist of 354 elderly who meet the inclusion criteria from three different associations operating for charitable purposes in a city center located in north-west Turkey. The average score of Loneliness Scale of Elderly (LSE) of the elderly was determined as 11.39 ± 5.31, and the average score of Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) of the elderly was determined as 8.54 ± 4.82. According to these results, it was found that the elderly experienced acceptable levels of loneliness and moderate death anxiety. A statistically significant difference was found in the LSE and DAS scores of the elderly according to their age, marital status, education status, chronic illness status and living at home with relatives. In addition, during the COVID-19 epidemic, the scale scores of the elderly who have increased worries, who have a hobby at home, and who communicate with their relatives via social media/mobile phones were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05).

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Evaluating Endoscopic Ipsilateral Endonasal Corridor Approaches to the Anterolateral Wall of the Maxillary Sinus: A Computerized Tomography Study

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1724092 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Navarat Vatcharayothin ◽

Pornthep Kasemsiri ◽

Sanguansak Thanaviratananich ◽

Cattleya Thongrong

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Inferior Turbinate ◽

Radial Access ◽

Sinus Wall ◽

Nasal Floor ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anterolateral Wall ◽

The Mean ◽

Maxillary Sinuses

Abstract Introduction The endoscopic access to lesions in the anterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus is a challenging issue; therefore, the evaluation of access should be performed. Objective To assess the accessibility of three endoscopic ipsilateral endonasal corridors. Methods Three corridors were created in each of the 30 maxillary sinuses from 19 head cadavers. Accessing the anterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus was documented with a straight stereotactic navigator probe at the level of the nasal floor and of the axilla of the inferior turbinate. Results At level of the nasal floor, the prelacrimal approach, the modified endoscopic Denker approach, and the endoscopic Denker approach allowed mean radial access to the anterolateral maxillary sinus wall of 42.6 ± 7.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 39.9–45.3), 56.0 ± 6.1 (95%CI: 53.7–58.3), and 60.1 ± 6.2 (95%CI: 57.8–62.4), respectively. Furthermore, these approaches provided more lateral access to the maxillary sinus at the level of the axilla of the inferior turbinate, with mean radial access of 45.8 ± 6.9 (95%CI: 43.3–48.4) for the prelacrimal approach, 59.8 ± 4.7 (95% CI:58.1–61.6) for the modified endoscopic Denker approach, and 63.6 ± 5.5 (95%CI: 61.6–65.7) for the endoscopic Denker approach. The mean radial access in each corridor, either at the level of the nasal floor or the axilla of the inferior turbinate, showed a statistically significant difference in all comparison approaches (p < 0.05). Conclusions The prelacrimal approach provided a narrow radial access, which allows access to anteromedial lesions of the maxillary sinus, whereas the modified endoscopic Denker and the endoscopic Denker approaches provided more lateral radial access and improved operational feasibility on far anterolateral maxillary sinus lesions.

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Surgery to relieve nasal obstruction: outcome for 366 patients operated on by one senior surgeon

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology ◽

10.1007/s00405-021-06696-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lars Aksel Pedersen ◽

S. Dölvik ◽

K. Holmberg ◽

C. Ahlström Emanuelsson ◽

H. Johansson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beneficial Effect ◽

Nasal Obstruction ◽

General Health ◽

Surgical Skills ◽

Nasal Endoscopy ◽

Experienced Surgeon ◽

Senior Surgeon ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Studies of patient-rated outcome in septoplasty and turbinoplasty most frequently involve several surgeons with varying surgical skills, techniques and experience. The aim of the present study was to evaluate outcome based on one experienced surgeon. Methods Three hundred and sixty-six consecutive patients referred for nasal obstruction were included. All the patients were examined with nasal endoscopy before and after decongestion, they filled out a nose VAS and rated their overall general health before and three to six months after surgery. The patients underwent septoplasty, septoplasty plus turbinoplasty or turbinoplasty. Results The mean nose VAS for nasal obstruction (0–100) preoperatively was 64.7 for all patients. Patients undergoing septoplasty (n = 159) were younger than patients undergoing septoplasty + turbinoplasty (n = 79) or patients undergoing turbinoplasty alone (n = 128). The nose VAS for nasal obstruction improved significantly in all three groups and 25% had a normal nose VAS after surgery in the septoplasty and septoplasty + turbinoplasty groups compared to only 8% in the turbinoplasty alone group. There was no significant difference in the improvement in nasal obstruction between septoplasty and septoplasty + turbinoplasty, but the septoplasty + turbinoplasty group experienced a significantly greater improvement in general health. Conclusions In 366 patients operated on by one experienced surgeon, septoplasty and septoplasty + turbinoplasty were more effective at relieving nasal obstruction than turbinoplasty alone. Septoplasty + turbinoplasty resulted in a greater improvement in general health than septoplasty alone, despite the same improvement in nasal obstruction, indicating a beneficial effect of additional turbinoplasty in septoplasty.

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Blowing Away Shot Pain: A Technique for Pain Management During Immunization During Immunization

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.93.3.384 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 384-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gina M. French ◽

Eileen C. Painter ◽

Daniel L. Coury

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Department ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Public Health Department ◽

Painful Procedure ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Tetanus Immunization ◽

Active Distraction

Objective. To study the effect of an active distraction technique on pain in preschool children receiving diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus immunization. Design. Randomized, unblinded controlled study. Setting. Columbus Public Health Department Immunization Clinics. Participants. One hundred forty-nine 4- to 7-year-old children. Intervention. Children were taught to blow out air repeatedly during the injection, as if they were blowing bubbles. Results. Children who were taught to blow out air during their shots had significantly fewer pain behaviors (P < .04) and demonstrated a trend toward lower subjectively reported pain (P = .06). There was no significant difference in the nurse or parent visual analog scale scores. Conclusions. A simple distraction technique can be effective in helping children cope with the pain of immunization. The use of such a technique to relieve the pain and distress associated with even a brief painful procedure should be encouraged.

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Investigation of Teachers' Level of Life Satisfaction and Perceptions of Individual Innovation in the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

10.53350/pjmhs2115113196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 3196-3201

Author(s):

Enver Döşyilmaz ◽

Ayhan Kayabaşi

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Marital Status ◽

Resistance To Change ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

National Education ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Individual Innovativeness ◽

The Individual

Background and Aim: This study seeks to examine whether there is a difference between the level of relationship between teachers' individual innovativeness perceptions and their life satisfaction and whether there is a difference in terms of some demographic variables during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The research is a quantitative study and was carried out in relational screening model. The sample of the study consists of 335 teachers working in schools affiliated to the Kahramanmaras Central District National Education Directorates. The data of the research was analysed using the Jamovi 1.6.12 statistical software program. Results and Conclusion:: As a result of the research, it was seen that the majority of the teachers were in the questioning and pioneering groups based on the scores of the individual innovativeness scale,. Significant differences were found in the scores of the participants' individual innovativeness scale sub-dimensions in terms of gender, marital status, branch, and sports status. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in life satisfaction scale scores in terms of gender, marital status, and branch variables (p>0.05); It was found that there was a significant difference in terms of the variable of doing sports (p>0.05); In addition, no significant relationship was found between the sub-dimensions of resistance to change, opinion leadership, openness to experience, and risk-taking and life satisfaction. Keywords: COVID-19, Teacher, Individual innovation, Life satisfaction.

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Late Health Effects of Radiation for Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: Previous Results and Ongoing Study in the Netherlands

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459989611500510 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 115 (5) ◽

pp. 417-421

Author(s):

Peter G. Verduijn

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Health Effects ◽

Urogenital System ◽

Neck Tumors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tube Dysfunction ◽

Study Population ◽

Effects Of Radiation ◽

Nose And Throat

To study the late health effects of nasopharyngeal radium irradiation, a nonconcurrent prospective study was conducted in The Netherlands. Exposed subjects ( n = 2510) were treated unilaterally with nasopharyngeal radium irradiation at five ear, nose, and throat clinics between 1945 and 1965 and followed up through February 1, 1985. Unexposed subjects ( n = 2199) were matched to treated patients according to clinic, year of birth, and first consultation within 5 years. No overall significant increase in cancer mortality was found. A statistically significant difference was noted only for cumulative all-site cancer incidence, with the exposed having twice as many verified cancers as the nonexposed. This excess risk was caused mainly by head and neck tumors and other tumors flung, digestive tract, and urogenital system). The relative risk for these specific sites, however, was not significantly different from 1.00. These findings corroborate the hypothesis that there is some risk of tumor induction involved with nasopharyngeal radium irradiation at the dose level applied to this population. Because of ongoing interest in this subject, I plan to extend the follow-up of the cohort through December 31, 1995, and I am studying the possibility of expanding the study population.

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The Effect of Passive Smoking on Mucociliary Clearance and Inferior Concha Reactivity

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.1177/1945892420967614 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 194589242096761

Author(s):

Osman Kılıç ◽

Aslı Şahin Yılmaz ◽

Çağatay Oysu

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Passive Smoking ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Inferior Turbinate ◽

Control Group ◽

Nasal Decongestants ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mucosal Response ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control

Introduction The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cigarette smoke on turbinate reactivity and mucociliary clearance (MCC) in passive smokers. Methods 60 adult patients (30 passive smokers and 30 healthy subjects as the control group) were recruited for this study. Following a questionnaire on passive smoke exposure, MCC measurement using the saccharin test was carried out to all participants. The baseline and after decongestant acoustic rhinometry values (MCA1, MCA2, VOL1, VOL2) were measured and the percentage changes between the two test values (ie; response to nasal decongestants = concha reactivity) were recorded. Results All 60 patients, including 37 women (61.7%) and 23 men (38.3%) were between 18–57 years of age . MCC’s average measurements were 11.13 minutes in the passive smokers group, 7.87 minutes in the control group, which was statistically significantly different (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the passive smokers and control group for acoustic rhinometric measurement of the ratio of MCA2 and VOL2 values before and after decongestant application (p < 0.05). Discussion Passive smoking can damage the nasal mucosa at least as active smoking. The number of studies on this subject is limited. There are no studies in the literature showing the effect of cigarette smoke on the inferior turbinate mucosal response. In our study, the inferior turbinate decongestant capacity was found to be significantly decreased in the passive smokers compared to the control group. Conclusion As a result of cigarette exposure, the erectile function of the lower turbines may be impaired. The task of the ENT physicians is to warn the passive smokers in this regard.

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Polysomnographic parameters as a differentiating biological marker between severe depression and schizophrenia

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72382-3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 676-676

Author(s):

A. Rady ◽

A. Elsheshai ◽

O. Elkholy ◽

H. Abou el Wafa

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Outpatient Service ◽

Biological Marker ◽

University Hospital ◽

Depressed Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rem Latency ◽

Schizophrenic Group ◽

Psychotic Features

Background and aimDifferentiation between Severe major depression and schizophrenia is oftenly a problematic issue, whether due to resemblance between negative symptoms of schizophrenia and depressive symptoms or due to presence of psychotic features with psychiatrists subjective assessment of the volume of psychotic features in relation to the whole illness. Our aim is to assess the utility of polysomnography as a differentiating tool that may add diagnostic value.Subjects and methodsPatients were recruited randomly from the outpatient service at Alexandria University Hospital, 20 patients with severe major depression with or without psychotic features and 20 patients with schizophrenia. Diagnosis done in accordance with criteria of DSM IV-TR. Only patients scoring above 4 on the Clinical Global Impression scale for severity were recruited. Polysomnography was done to all patients while at least 1 week off medication.ResultsDepressed group showed a significantly shorter REM latency (26 ± 6.9min) and higher REM intensity (34 ± 14%) compared to schizophrenic group with REM latency (43.9 ± 16.9 min) and REM Intensity (21.4 ± 4.5). On the other hand deep sleep phases 3 and 4 constituted 12 ± 3.8% and 17.8 ± 9.2% of sleep in schizophrenic group compared to 16.4 ± 5% and 9 ± 7.9% in depressed group respectively with significant difference.ConclusionPolysomnography may be of benefit as a diagnostic differentiating tool between schizophrenia and severe Major depression.

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Relationship of occupational health and safety training with health literacy among employees working in the various lines of business

Zinc supplementation improves heme biosynthesis in rats exposed to lead ◽

10.18051/univmed.2020.v39.171-177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 171

Author(s):

Nergiz Sevinc ◽

Burcu Korkut

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Occupational Health ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Occupational Health And Safety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Adult Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Scale Scores

Background Health literacy is vital for people’s ability to manage health. It has been known for a long time that the importance of education in increasing health literacy is an undeniable fact. The first aim of this study was to investigate the health literacy levels of employees working in different business lines receiving service from the occupational health and safety unit. The second aim was to reveal how health literacy levels are affected according to the training duration. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 202 employees receiving service from the Karabuk occupational health and safety unit. The employees were divided into three groups as workers, officers and others. All employees were given the questionnaire consisting of 31 questions including sociodemographic characteristics and the adult health literacy scale. A face-to-face interview was performed with each of the employees. Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. Results The range of adult health literacy scale scores of the employees was 4-23. There was no significant difference in adult health literacy scale scores between age groups (p=0.38). The percentage of employees who received more than 16 hours training course was 19.3%, 20.6%, and 46.7% for workers, civil servants and other employees, respectively. Adult health literacy scale scores increased in proportion to the amount of training the employees received (p=0.001). Conclusion This study reveals that occupational health training has a positive effect on health literacy.

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Qualitative Adjectives in EFL Students’ Reflective Writing Essays

Journal of language and Education ◽

10.17323/jle.2020.10979 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 65-79

Author(s):

Tanju Deveci ◽

Nader Ayish

Keyword(s):

Expressive Writing ◽

Word List ◽

Reflective Writing ◽

Female Students ◽

Male Students ◽

First Year ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Efl Students ◽

Effective Use ◽

General Service

Qualitative adjectives are often used in expressive writing, including reflective writing. They express and (de)intensify feelings and emotions, thereby expressing stance. This study investigates the adjective profiles of 60 first-year EFL students’ reflective essays and compares male and female university students’ utilization of qualitative adjectives and those used as attitudinal stance markers. Data were collected from a reflective writing task after students participated in a seminar on effective listening. Analyses were conducted considering the General Service List (GSL), the Academic Word List (AWL), and words that do not appear in either of the preceding lists. The results indicated that qualitative adjectives accounted for 6% of the words in these reflective writing essays, and the male students used a greater number of adjectives than the female students. This difference, which was at a statistically significant level, likely stems from male students’ greater use of adjectives from the Academic Word Lists. The results also showed that 47.5% of the adjectives used in these essays were attitudinal. There was no statistically significant difference between the frequencies with which the male and the female students used these attitudinal adjectives. The results are discussed and recommendations are made to increase students’ effective use of adjectives in reflective writing.

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