scholarly journals Assessment of Waste Generation rate of Medical Hazardous in Duhok Governorate (Proposal of alternative disposal and management methods)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Maha M. AL-Ghabban ◽  
Nashwan Sh. Mizzouri ◽  
Fadhil R. Mahmood ◽  
Hussein H. Hassan ◽  
Kadhim I. Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
Gis Application ◽  
The Public ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Main Factor

The developments and improvement of the public and the private healthcare sector in the recent years in Duhok governorate considered as the main factor for increasing the production rate of per capita patient generation of hazardous waste (Bio-Medical Waste). Another important factor contributes in hazardous waste volume is the increase in health services and public education. Generation of waste caused direct impacts on human health and environment through the pollution of soil, water and air. The present study was carry out to assess the sources and the data quantities of hazardous wastes, analysis of these collected data is achieved by using of GIS Application. In 2014, it was found that 253.143 tons of hazardous waste were produced in Duhok. About 30% of the waste is not being sorted from the municipal solid waste, i.e. disposed directly to dumps or landfills. Inadequate disposal of hazardous waste can related to contamination of surface and ground water supplies, and risk impacts on communities and their environment. In addition the aim of this assessing is focused on the importance of hazardous waste management and to develop a proposal for treatment and disposal management methods in compliance with the international environmental regulations.

Measurement and Quantification of Residential Solid Waste in a Metropolitan City of a Developing Country: Case Study in Four Selected Informal Settlements in Dar Es Salaam City, Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-495
Author(s):  
Mengiseny Kaseva ◽  
Kris Wernstedt ◽  
Jacob M. Kihila
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Positive Dependence ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Country Case Study ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Residential Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Generation Rate

This study has employed multiple techniques, including subjective and objective approaches, to augment existing information and data on household waste generation, generation rates, composition and waste management perceptions in informal settlements. Waste weight, volume and composition data were obtained through one measurement study (n=80) and five surveys (n = 1,239). Additional information was obtained through physical observations and interviews. Results of this study revealed per-capita overall mean weight and volume to be 0.51 kg/day and 1.33 liters/day, respectively. Relatively higher per-capita daily waste generation rates were observed in smaller households, suggesting a positive dependence of municipal solid waste generation rate on both household income and size. Generation high points were on Mondays, signifying that accumulation of waste is more on Sundays perhaps because of shopping during weekends. Organic waste constituted the largest component (60.5% by weight), while e-waste constitute the least (0.4%). About 43% and 8% of the population have to store the waste for two to three weeks and for more than a month, respectively, before delivery for collection by the local government and or the private sector. The study established existence of both extreme satisfaction and dissatisfaction with waste collection and significance of collection problems in the informal settlements.

Evaluation of industrial wastes management practices: Case study of the Savojbolagh industrial zone, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Mahdi Farzadkia ◽  
Sahand Jorfi ◽  
Mashaallah Nikzad ◽  
Shahram Nazari
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
Waste Management Practices

The main objective of this research was to investigate the waste characteristics and management activities in the Savojbolagh industrial zone, Iran, in order to rank the active industries from environmental perspectives using an innovative index. First, the industrial categories with over 50 employees were identified and classified according to their production process. Then, 54 industries were selected and all industrial processes, the types and quantities of products, per capita industrial waste generation, physical analysis and management activities in terms of minimisation, storage, processing, recycling and disposal were evaluated. The required data were obtained through questioners, interviews and field observations. A scoring system was prepared for evaluation of environmental status of waste management practices. Results indicated that the total industrial waste generation rate was 67,258 kg d-1, in which 4528 belonged to hazardous waste. Furthermore, the per capita waste generation rate was 5.51 kg d-1. Plastic, paper and cardboard and metals constituted the most fractions of wastes, respectively. Food and beverage, metallic and chemical/plastic industries were the biggest waste generators. Metallic industries with total score of 502.5 and non-metalic-mineral industries with the total score of 114 were categorised as the best and worst industries in terms of waste management practices.

REGRESION MODEL OF COVID-19 MEDICAL HARZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION BASED ON MAXIMUM BEDS CAPACITY OF REGIONAL HOSPITALS IN DKI JAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Mr Prihartanto
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Maximum Capacity ◽  
Bed Capacity ◽  
Regional Hospitals ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic disaster in DKI Jakarta has shown a significant increasing in confirmed positive cases starting in September 2020, resulting in the re-implementing of Large-Scale Social Distancing (PSBB). The main factor that led to the re-implementing of the PSBB in DKI Jakarta is the limited bed capacity in the 67 Covid-19 referal Local General Hospitals (RSUD). Handling Covid-19 patients requires more medical equipment such as masks, glasses, protective clothing and so on, which will increase the rate of medical waste generation. This study will discuss the prediction of minimum and maximum generation of Covid-19 medical hazardous waste (B3) in 67 Covid-19 referal RSUD in DKI Jakarta which can be calculated based on the maximum capacity of available isolation and ICU beds during the period 23 August - 4 October 2020 and the average of medical waste generation per patient treated. From the prediction, a regression model of increasing number of minimum and maximum medical hazardous waste produced in several Covid-19 referal RSUD in DKI Jakarta can be made. Keywords: covid-19, hazardous waste, hospital, maximum capacity, regression model.

scholarly journals A Study on Small Clinics Waste Management Practice, Rules, Staff Knowledge, and Motivating Factor in a Rapidly Urbanizing Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4044
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmed Khan ◽  
Aves Ahmed Khan ◽  
Haris Ahmed ◽  
Shazia Shaheen Shaikh ◽  
Zhaiming Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
Motivating Factor ◽  
Waste Management Practice

Thousands of small clinics in Pakistan are generating dispersed medical waste, unlike large hospitals, small clinic waste management is often ignored. This study was conducted on 135 small clinics in Hyderabad, Pakistan, with the aim to determine small clinics’ waste management practices in contrast to rules, level of knowledge, the environmental impact of disposal methods, and motivating factor analysis to understand the current situation from multiple perspectives. Overall, the waste generation rate was calculated to be 2.01 kg/clinic/day and the hazardous waste generation rate was 0.89 kg/clinic/day, whereas the general waste generation rate was 1.12 kg/clinic/day. The hazardous waste generation rate percentage is found to be higher than those found in large hospitals by 20%. The waste management practice among surveyed clinics was deplorable; none of the clinics were completely following hospital waste management rules of 2005 and thus the absence of proper segregation, storage, transportation, and disposal was commonly encountered during the study. Clinic staff possessed low level of knowledge and awareness, and acquired no training about waste management practice and rules, moreover, frequent employee turnover was noticed too. Additionally, two hypotheses were checked for creditability of motivating factors with an exploratory factor analysis to check their contribution to motivating clinic staff to practice sound healthcare waste management. Out of 10 indicators, nine were found in support of the hypotheses. Hence, it was discovered that active government involvement and financial support in providing training and inspecting small clinics could help in improving the condition. The findings of the present study can play a vital role in documenting evidence, and for policymakers and governments to plan solid waste management of small clinics and other healthcare facilities.

Solid Waste Management in Lae City, Papua New Guinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-382
Author(s):  
Revanuru Subramanyam
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
The City

Lae city is the capital of the Morobe Province in Papua New Guinea. It is the main land transport corridor, the country's main industrial hub and largest cargo port. As a result of the urbanization and industrialization process, more people had migrated to Lae city for better opportunities. These activities contributed to the generation of a considerable amount of solid waste that has become a real concern. The present research aims to understand the existing practices of Solid Waste Management, to estimate per capita waste generation rate and composition of waste, to identify the issues and challenges faced in this regard and suggest methods for improvement. All wastes from the city are discarded at the Second Seventh Landfill (SSL) open dump site, located about 10 to 12 kilometers drive away from the city, causing enormous pollution to the surrounding environment. The per capita waste generation rate witnessed was 0.312 kg per capita per day with a composition of 66% organic waste, 22% recyclable, and 12% non-recyclable materials. It was found that ineffective legislation, lack of law enforcement were the challenges faced by the Lae city council. Rehabilitation of SSL or the construction of a new sanitary land fill should be recommended for effective management.

Impact of Hazardous Waste Material on Environment and Their Management Strategies

2018 ◽  
pp. 175-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Samant ◽  
Satish Chandra Pandey ◽  
Anupam Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Solid Liquid

Hazardous waste has emerged as an issue of major concern that has negative impact both on human health as well as on the environment. Hazardous and infectious agents are handled in daily routine in biomedical laboratories. Their effects are increasing continuously in the environment. Hazardous waste includes solid, liquid, sharp and pathological waste. Workers in hospitals and health care, agricultural and fishing occupations are at particular risk of exposure to hazardous biological agents. Recently, more systematic and strict steps have taken by the Indian government regarding the public concern to prevent the proliferation of hazardous waste and its improper disposal. However, management of waste are still not well promoted. So, to intercept the build-up of biohazards into the environment, waste from biohazardous operations must be disposed or treated appropriately in a special way and it also intends to create awareness amongst the personnel involved in these sectors to develop and implement hazardous waste management and mitigation strategies.

Status and Future Perspective of Hazardous Waste Management in Korea

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
K.-M. Cho ◽  
S.-S. Yoon ◽  
J.-K. Koo ◽  
H.-C. Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Paper Classification

In this paper, classification and generation of hazardous wastes, related laws, and the hazardous waste management system currently employed in Korea are introduced. Recently, rapid and sustaining increase of generation rate, unsatisfactory reuse and recycle, inaccurate analysis and testing, and illegal treatment and disposal have been pointed out as major problems of hazardous waste management in Korea. In order to resolve these problems, the future directions and priorities in hazardous waste management in Korea are suggested.

The American Experience with Hazardous Waste Management

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
J LaDou
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste Sites ◽  
The Public ◽  
American Experience ◽  
The Impact

The United States created a fund in 1980 to clean up hazardous wastes contaminating the environment and to seek out and clean up abandoned dumping sites that harbour hazardous materials. Many of these locations are not known at this time, and others are as much as one hundred years old. The amount of money actually needed to accomplish the goals of legislation is merely speculation. The Of fice of Technology Assessment estimates that dealing with the most critical 10, 000 sites will cost US$100 billion. The impact of hazardous wastes on the public health of surrounding communities is interpreted with caution. Of the 900 hazardous waste dump sites receiving priority attention by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), only 20 have been studied for effects on human health. No prospective study has been initiated among affected populations yet. Federal laws and most state laws do not provide a mechanism for compensating individuals who have developed illnesses from environmental exposures to hazardous waste sites.

scholarly journals Households’ Waste Scenario during COVID-19 Pandemic: An Outlook from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mou Rani Sarker ◽  
Md. Abdur Rouf Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hazardous Waste Management ◽  
Management Issues

With pandemic progression and the stay-at-home situation, household are producing more dangerous medical waste. Households became the most vulnerable and unprotected sector of coronavirus transmission due to the unconsciousness and lack of guidance of hazardous waste management. Therefore, waste management is a critical concern to public health. This study examines household waste generation and waste management issues in Bangladesh during COVID-19 from March 2020 to August 2021. The study showed that adequate identification, collection, transportation, processing, separation, and disposal are the challenges of safe waste management. Each activity bears a high risk of getting infected because of lack of proper guidance and protection. Moreover, the improper disposal of hazardous waste causes immense soil, water and air pollution that might have negative effects to the human body. Some suggested guidelines to a better COVID-19 household’s waste management are discussed in the context of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Municipal Solid Waste Management In Visakhapatnam City, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3604-3607
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Waste Generation Rate

Management of solid waste is a major challenge for most of the urban local bodies in developing countries primarily due to the rising urban population and per capita waste generation rate. Improper management of municipal solid waste leads to repulsive condition of streets and spreading of diseases. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the user satisfaction on the performance of the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation (GVMC) with regard to solid waste management. The findings of the study are going to be useful to the urban local bodies and GVMC in particular to identify the performance gaps and to initiate measures for further improvement.

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