scholarly journals Accelerometer-based measures of sedentary behavior and cardio-metabolic risk in active older adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn M Chase ◽  
Christine K Lockhart ◽  
Maureen C Ashe ◽  
Kenneth M Madden
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Physically Active

Purpose: Sedentary behavior has been proposed as an independent cardio-metabolic risk factor even in adults who are physically active through recreational activity. Because little is known about the metabolic effects of sedentariness in seniors, the relationship between sedentary behavior and cardio-metabolic risk was examined in physically active older adults. Methods: Fifty-four community dwelling men and women > 65 years of age (mean 71.5 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study. Subjects were in good health and free of known diabetes. Activity levels (sedentary, light, moderate to vigorous activity time per day) were recorded with accelerometers worn continuously for 7 days. Cardio-metabolic risk factors measured consisted of the American Heart Association diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, systolic blood pressure and fasting glucose) as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The relationships between activity measures and cardio-metabolic risk factors were examined. Significant variables were then entered into a stepwise multivariate regression model. Results: All but one subject achieved exercise levels recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine. The average proportion of time spent at a sedentary activity level each day was 72.7%. From the regression analysis, the only significant association found between cardio-metabolic risk outcomes and activity predictors was between LDL and sedentary time, with LDL detrimentally associated with average sedentary time per day (Standardized Beta Correlation Coefficient 0.302, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sedentary behavior is associated with an adverse metabolic effect on LDL in seniors, even those who meet guideline recommendations for an active “fit” adult.

Association between serum zinc concentrations and metabolic risk factors among Chinese children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Qianrang Zhu ◽  
Yue Dai ◽  
Jingxian Zhang ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
Hui Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

Abstract Purpose Zinc plays an important role in metabolic processes in human organisms and is indispensable in many enzymatic processes. To date, few studies have assessed the association between serum zinc and metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to examine whether serum zinc concentrations was associated with metabolic risk factors in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods This study was a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2016-2017 China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance for Children and Nursing in Jiangsu Province. A total of 3241 participants aged 6 -17years were included. Metabolic risk factors included fasting glucose (FG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Data were analyzed using multivariable linear regression and generalized additive models, which were adjusted for age, gender, high sensitive C-reactive protein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, body mass index and region of residence, to assess the associations of serum zinc concentrations with metabolic risk factors. Results We observed a negative association between serum zinc concentrations and FG (coefficient = -0.532; 95% CI: -0.569, -0.495; p< 0.001). Moreover, TC (coefficient = 0.175 ; 95% CI 0.127, 0.222; p< 0.001), HDL-C (coefficient = 0.137 ; 95% CI 0.082, 0.193; p< 0.001) and LDL-C (coefficient = 0.195 ; 95% CI 0.128, 0.263; p< 0.001) were found to be positively associated with zinc levels. A generalized additive model showed that the negative association between serum zinc and FG was weak at lower serum zinc concentrations, and was stronger with the increase in serum zinc concentrations. Additionally, a U-shaped association between serum zinc and TG was observed. Conclusions Serum zinc concentrations were associated with FG, TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C levels in Chinese children and adolescents. Lower levels of serum zinc were more likely related to a poor metabolic status.

scholarly journals Vitamin D in relation to metabolic risk factors, insulin sensitivity and adiponectin in a young Middle-Eastern population

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Hélène Gannagé-Yared ◽  
Rima Chedid ◽  
Simon Khalife ◽  
Emmanuel Azzi ◽  
Fernand Zoghbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homa Index

ObjectivesSeveral studies suggest a link between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and metabolic risk factors. However, this relation has been mainly studied in elderly and/or obese subjects. In addition, the relation between 25(OH)D and adiponectin is unclear. The purpose of this study is to look at these relations in non-obese young individuals.DesignWe investigated the relation between serum 25(OH)D and adiposity, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, and adiponectin in 381 randomly selected university students (201 males and 180 females, mean age 23.9±3.9).ResultsIn the overall population, 25(OH)D is significantly inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA index) and positively correlated with adiponectin and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P<0.01 for all variables). In males, these correlations are still significant for BMI, SBP, WC, and adiponectin (P=0.02,P=0.01,P=0.04 andP=0.01 respectively); also, 25(OH)D is inversely correlated with low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (P=0.007). In females, 25(OH)D is only inversely correlated with FPG and HOMA index (P<0.001 andP=0.03 respectively). In multivariate regression analysis models, after adjustment for sex and BMI, 25(OH)D is an independent predictor of FPG and SBP (P=0.032 andP=0.05 respectively) in the overall population, while in males 25(OH)D is a predictor of LDL-cholesterol and SBP independently of BMI (P=0.007 andP=0.035 respectively).ConclusionIn non-obese young subjects, we observe new relationships between 25(OH)D and several metabolic risk factors and adiponectin. Further research is needed to elucidate the gender differences and to look at the relation between 25(OH)D and adiponectin.

Dynapenic Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults 50 Years of Age and Older

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sénéchal ◽  
Isabelle J. Dionne ◽  
Martin Brochu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Dependent Variables

Objectives: To investigate the additive effect of dynapenia and abdominal obesity on metabolic risk factors in older adults. Method: A total of 3,007 men and women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study were categorized as follows: (a) non-dynapenic/non-abdominally obese (N-DYN/N-AO), (b) dynapenic/non-abdominally obese (DYN/N-AO), (c) non-dynapenic/abdominally obese (N-DYN/AO), (d) dynapenic/ abdominally obese (DYN/AO) based on waist circumference (WC) and leg muscle strength tertiles. Dependent variables were lipids, glucose, blood pressure, and other chronic conditions. Results: The DYN/AO group had lower plasma HDL-chol and higher triglyceride and glucose levels than N-DYN/N-AO and DYN/N-AO groups (all p ≤ .01). Higher plasma triglyceride was observed in the DYN/AO group compared with N-DYN/AO group ( p ≤ .01). The odds of having metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, and type II diabetes were higher in DYN/AO compared with DYN/N-AO and N-DYN/N-AO. Conclusion: DYN/AO older adults might be at greater risk of metabolic alterations than those displaying dynapenia alone or those with neither abdominal obesity nor dynapenia.

scholarly journals Association between objectively assessed sedentary time and physical activity with metabolic risk factors among people with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Diabetologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. M. Cooper ◽  
Soren Brage ◽  
Ulf Ekelund ◽  
Nicholas J. Wareham ◽  
Simon J. Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk

scholarly journals Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues ◽  
Neiva Leite ◽  
Manuel J. Coelho e Silva ◽  
João Valente-dos-Santos ◽  
Raul A. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Run Test

Background:Associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with lifestyle behaviors in youth is potentially important for identifying subgroups at risk and encourage interventions. This study evaluates the associations among the clustering of metabolic risk factors and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in youth.Methods:The sample comprised 522 girls and 402 boys (N = 924) aged 11 to 17 years. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressures were measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test. MVPA was estimated with a 3-day diary. Outcome variables were statistically normalized and expressed as z scores. A clustered metabolic risk score was computed as the mean of z scores. Multiple linear regression was used to test associations between metabolic risk and MVPA by sex, adjusted for age, WC, and CRF.Results:After adjustment for potential confounders, MVPA was inversely associated with the clustering of metabolic risk factors in girls, but not in boys; in addition, after adjusting for WC, the statistical model of that relationship was substantially improved in girls.Conclusion:MVPA was independently associated with increased risk of MetS in girls. Additional efforts are needed to encourage research with different analytical approach and standardization of criteria for MetS in youth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anthropometric Indices for Metabolic Syndrome and their Association with Metabolic Risk Factors among Healthy Individuals in New Belgrade

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Veroslava Stanković ◽  
Svetlana Stojanović ◽  
Nađa Vasiljević
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Anthropometric Indices

Summary People with metabolic syndrome (MetSy) are about twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease and over four times as likely to develop type 2 diabetes compared to subjects without metabolic syndrome. Waist circumferences (WC) and body mass index (BMI) are useful screening tools for making the diagnosis. MetSy has increased the health risk in primary care. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anthropometric indices for MetSy and determine which of simple anthropometric measurements is most closely associated with metabolic risk factors. The research included 264 individuals, of which 132 men with mean age (±SD) of 44.73 ±9.37 years and 132 women with mean age (±SD) of 46.67±8.44 years. Antropometric indicators were measured using standard protocols, without shoes and outerwear. BMI was calculated as weight/height2(kg/m2) ratio, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Blood pressure measurements were obtained with the subject in a seated position by using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Blood samples were obtained after a minimum of 12-h fast; the metabolic parameters (high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose) were analyzed by standard procedures. Analysis of the examinees’ medical records was also performed. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The analysis of the research results were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 10.0 (SPSS 10.0 for Windows). The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 44.7% in men and 43.2% in women. Normal-weight subjects of both sexes were significantly younger and had significantly lower blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides than overweight and obese subjects. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were significantly increased in parallel with increasing of BMI. For the whole sample, both anthropometric indices had significant associations with the other five components of MetSy. Waist circumference is a simple measure of adiposity most strongly associated with metabolic abnormalities. The results obtained in this study indicate that WC is a good indicator of health risk in women but not in men. Measurement of WC by BMI categories may indicate a person with an increased risk of development of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Sex differences in rates of change and burden of metabolic risk factors among adults who did and did not go on develop diabetes: two decades of follow-up from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azra Ramezankhani ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
Farzad Hadaegh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
P Values ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Diabetes Status

<b>Objective:</b> We investigated the cumulative burden and linear rates of change of major metabolic risk factors (MRFs) among Iranian adults in whom type 2 diabetes did and did not develop. <p><b>Research Design and Methods:</b> We included 7,163 participants (3,069 men) aged 20-70 years at baseline with at least three examinations during 1999-2018. Individual growth curve modeling was used for data analysis. Statistical interactions for sex by diabetes status were adjusted for age, family history of diabetes, smoking status and physical activity level. </p> <p><b>Results:</b> Study sample included 743 (316 men) new cases of diabetes. In both men and women, compared with individuals in whom diabetes did not develop, individuals in whom diabetes developed had a higher burden of all MRFs and a greater rate of change in body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP); however, the differences in burden and rate of change between those who did and did not develop diabetes were greater in women than in men. So that, during the transition to diabetes, women experienced more adverse change in BMI, FPG, triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (diabetes-sex interaction P values <0.05), and faster rates of change in BMI, FPG, HDL-C and total cholesterol (TC) (interaction P values <0.01) and SBP (interaction P=0.055) than men. </p> <p><b>Conclusion: </b>The greater exposure of women to and burden of MRFs before onset of diabetes may have implications for implementing sex specific strategies in order to prevent or delay diabetes complications.</p>

Effects of nutrition education on cardio-metabolic outcomes: A randomised clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-470
Author(s):  
Hildemar Dos Santos ◽  
W Lawrence Beeson ◽  
Gina Segovia-Siapco ◽  
Brenda Koranda ◽  
Tony Jehi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Risk

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Full Plate Diet (FPD) on the primary prevention of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Design: Randomised clinical trial. Setting: Drayson Center, Loma Linda University, CA, USA. Methods: Forty individuals were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving the FPD health education for 10 weeks or to a control group not receiving this intervention. Comprehensive evaluations of clinical and anthropometric outcomes were conducted at baseline and at the end of intervention. To assess within-group changes and between-group differences, a general linear model was used. Results: Significant reductions in weight (−1.54 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.5, −.54) and total cholesterol (TC) (−11.7 mg/dL; 95% CI −21.4, −2) and non-significant reductions in means for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (−7.3 mg/dL, 95% CI −16, 1.5) and triglycerides (−18.7 mg/dL, 95% CI −46, 8.5) were observed in the intervention group after 10 weeks compared with baseline. These reductions were non-significantly higher in the intervention compared with the control group. There were no significant mean changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and haemoglobin A1c (A1c) in the intervention group after 10 weeks. Conclusion: A multi-component programme comprising 10 weeks of health education that emphasised the high intake of fibre failed to significantly reduce cardio-metabolic risk factors. It did show a downward trend in triglycerides, TC and body weight that may be of clinical importance suggesting that a future investigation with a longer intervention duration is needed.

Abstract 18258: High-intensity Interval Training Improves Aerobic Capacity and Metabolic Risk Factors in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chueh-Lung Hwang ◽  
Jeung-Ki Yoo ◽  
Han-Kyul Kim ◽  
Moon-Hyon Hwang ◽  
Eileen M Handberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate

Introduction: Aging is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk including reduced aerobic capacity and increased metabolic risk factors. Aerobic exercise training improves the risk for cardiovascular disease. The optimal exercise regimen for older adults, however, remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would be more effective than isocaloric moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in improving aerobic capacity and metabolic risks factors in older adults. Methods: Thirty eight sedentary older adults (age 65±1.0 yrs; mean±SE), free of cardiovascular disease, were randomly assigned to HIIT (n=13), MICT (n=13) or non-exercise control group (n=12). HIIT consisted of cycling at alternating intensities of 90 and 70% maximal heart rate for 40 minutes while MICT consisted of cycling at 70% maximal heart rate for 47 minutes. HIIT and MICT were performed on Airdyne bicycles, 4 days/week for 8 weeks, under supervision. Aerobic capacity was assessed by peak oxygen consumption during an incremental treadmill test. Metabolic risk factors included fasting lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment; HOMA-IR). Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. All measures were obtained at baseline and following the intervention. Results: Peak oxygen consumption increased by 2.8 ml/kg/min (23.0±1.6 vs. 25.7±1.5, pre- vs. post-intervention; P <0.05) in HIIT, but did not change in MICT and control group (26.0±1.5 vs. 26.2±1.4 and 23.5±1.4 vs. 24.0±1.4, respectively; P >0.05). Insulin and HOMA-IR improved only in HIIT (-1.9±0.6μU/ml and -0.42±0.16, P <0.05; respectively) and these changes were negatively associated with the change in peak oxygen consumption (r=-0.37, P <0.05 for both). Overall, lipids, body weight, body fat, and fat-free mass did not change in response to the intervention in any of the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: HIIT but not MICT improves aerobic capacity and glucose control in healthy older adults without affecting lipids or body composition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document