Isolation of Cellulose Degradation Bacteria (CDB) from acid soil as a potential candidate of organic waste degradation

Eri Samah

doi:10.25077/jijcs.1.2.26-35.2019

Isolation of Cellulose Degradation Bacteria (CDB) from acid soil as a potential candidate of organic waste degradation

JERAMI Indonesian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.25077/jijcs.1.2.26-35.2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 26-35

Author(s):

Eri Samah

Keyword(s):

Bovine Serum Albumin ◽

Protein Content ◽

Growth Curve ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Cellulose Degradation ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Waste Degradation

Background: The study aimed to obtain CDB with high degraded activities, determined growth curve, protein content, and cellulase maximum activity (exoglucanase and endoglucanase). Method: The cellulose activity calculated according to Miller (1959), protein content was measured by Bradford method with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a standardize protein. Result: Six isolates of CDB were found as potential degradation of organic waste (Km25, Sr75, Jm, U6, G8, and Km13). Growth curve, protein level, and protein maximum activity occurred on day-3. The largest diameter of clear zone of six isolates was Km25, Sr75, Jm, U6, G8, and Km13 (3.32, 3.31, 2.41, 2.36, 2.19, and 2.04 mm, respectively). Endoglucanase and exoglucanase maximum activity were 0.011-0.402 IU/mL and 0.0028-0.155 IU/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Six isolates showed high activities of cellulase with diameter of clear zone ≥ 2 cm (Km25, Sr75, Jm, U6, G8, and Km13). Growth maximum curve was on day-3. Highest endo- and exoglucanase activities were on day-3 (0.402 IU/mL and 0.155 IU/mL, respectively) in Jm isolate. Keywords: Identification, degradation, clear zones, cellulase.

Capability of Cellulolytic Degradation (BSD) Bacteria (CDB) to Remodel Organic Waste into Compost

Jurnal Pertanian Tropik ◽

10.32734/jpt.v6i3.3217 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 490-499

Author(s):

Eri Samah Samah ◽

Misdawati

Keyword(s):

Organic Waste ◽

Design Method ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Research Activity ◽

Factorial Method ◽

The City ◽

Better Than

Capability of Cellulolytic Degradation (BSD) Bacteria (CDB) to Remodel Organic Waste intoCompost The purpose of this study was to obtain superior cellulolytic bacteria from acid soils as astarter for the degradation of organic waste in the city of Padang by testing the activity of cellulaseenzymes. The method used in the factorial method is the Cellulolytic Degradation Bacteria factorwith the Organic Waste of Padang City. This research was conducted at the Plant PhysiologyLaboratory and the Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture. The research activity was begunby isolating the bacteria from acid soil, followed by testing the enzyme activity of the specific mediumof carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) medium. Factorial Complete Random Design Method. The firstfactor was selected 3 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria, the second-factor main market organic wasteat of Padang and was two treatments namely unstable sterile (A) and nonsterile (B). The researchresults obtained 6 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria with a clear zone index ≥ 2, namely Km25,Sr. 75, Jm, U-6, G-8, and Km 13, respectively 3.12; 3.04; 3.0; 2.04; 2.00, and 2.04, and used forcomposting organic waste 3 isolates of clear zone bacteria ≥ 3.0 isolates of KM25, Sr75, and JMrespectively 3.12; 3.04; 3.01. Non-sterile organic waste is better than sterile due to the non-sterile,there is the help of battery change from the trash. Conclusion The best composting material is notsterilized, and better bacteria decompose the waste combined with the three isolates KM25, SR75,and JM.

Digestive processes of haematophagous insects. XII. Secretion of trypsin and carboxypeptidase B by Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z77-024 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

R. H. Gooding

Keyword(s):

Bovine Serum Albumin ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Protein Content ◽

Bovine Serum ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Glossina Morsitans Morsitans ◽

Trypsin Activity ◽

Glossina Morsitans ◽

Carboxypeptidase B ◽

Positive Correlation

There was a significant positive correlation between protein content and the amounts of trypsin and carboxypeptidase B (CPB) in the digestive portion of the midgut of Glossina morsitans morsitans, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after feeding on a rabbit. CPB and trypsin activity were also positively correlated. Trypsin and CPB production were stimulated, to varying degrees, by bovine serum albumin (BSA), α-globulin, β-globulin, γ-globulin, and haemoglobin; the greatest response was to BSA. Peptides derived from BSA by trypsin cleavage also stimulated production of trypsin and CPB.

Box-Behnken Design Optimized TPGS Coated Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Loaded with Anastrozole

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201818666210202104810 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Ashish Kumar ◽

Ajit Singh ◽

S.J.S Flora ◽

Rahul Shukla

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Bovine Serum Albumin ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Bovine Serum ◽

Glycol Succinate ◽

Burst Release ◽

Spectroscopic Techniques ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Box Behnken Design ◽

Thermal Gelation

Purpose: In this study, a novel D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles were developed for delivery of Anastrozole (ANZ) which is optimized by Box-Behnken design (BBD). This TPGS-ANZ-BSA NPs are evaluated for their physicochemical and drug release characteristics. Methods: TPGS-ANZ-BSA NPs were prepared by desolvation thermal gelation method andthe effects of critical process parameter (CPP)which are BSA amount, TPGS concentration and stirring speed on the critical quality attributes (CQA) such as % drug loading (%DL) and particle size were studied using BBD. TPGS-ANZ-BSA NPs were characterized using different spectroscopic techniques including UV-Visible and FTIR is used to confirm the entrapment of ANZ in BSA. DSC and PXRD revealed the amorphization of ANZ in the TPGS-ANZ-BSA NPs after freeze drying. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed for the surface morphologyanalysesNPs. In vitro release studies were performed at pH 5.5 and pH 7.4 for 48h to mimic tumour microenvironment. Results: The BBD optimized batch showed 107 nm particle size with % DL of 8.5± 0.5 of TPGS-ANZ-BSA NPs. The spectroscopic and thermal characterizations revealed the successful encapsulation of ANZ inside the nanoparticles.The TPGS-ANZ-BSA NPs were found to exhibit burst release at pH 5.5 and sustained release at pH 7.4. The short-term stability of drug-loaded nanoparticles displayed no significant changes in physicochemical properties at room temperature for period of one month. Conclusion: The BBD optimized TPGS-ANZ-BSA nanoparticles showed enhanced physiochemical properties for ANZ and potential candidate for anticancer agent drugs delivery.

Cellulosic waste degradation by rumen-enhanced anaerobic digestion

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2003.0243 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 155-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

S.P. Barnes ◽

J. Keller

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽

Loading Rate ◽

Cellulose Degradation ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Lignocellulosic Material ◽

Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽

Microbial Ecosystems ◽

Cellulosic Waste ◽

Waste Degradation

Anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic material is carried out effectively in many natural microbial ecosystems including the rumen. A rumen-enhanced anaerobic sequencing batch reactor was used to investigate cellulose degradation to give analysis of overall process stoichiometry and rates of hydrolysis. The reactor achieved VFA production rates of 207-236 mg COD/L/h at a loading rate of 10 g/L/d. Overloading of the reactor resulted in elevated production of propionic acid, and on occasion, the presence of succinic acid. With improvements in mixing and solids wasting, the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor system could enable full-scale application of the process for treatment of cellulosic waste material.

[NiFe] Hydrogenase fromAlteromonas macleodiiwith Unusual Stability in the Presence of Oxygen and High Temperature

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01559-10 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 1990-1998 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Walter A. Vargas ◽

Philip D. Weyman ◽

Yingkai Tong ◽

Hamilton O. Smith ◽

Qing Xu

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Marine Bacterium ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Hydrogenase Activity ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Hydrogen Deuterium ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Posttranscriptional Level ◽

Alteromonas Macleodii

ABSTRACTHydrogenases are enzymes involved in the bioproduction of hydrogen, a clean alternative energy source whose combustion generates water as the only end product. In this article we identified and characterized a [NiFe] hydrogenase from the marine bacteriumAlteromonas macleodii“deep ecotype” with unusual stability toward oxygen and high temperature. TheA. macleodiihydrogenase (HynSL) can catalyze both H2evolution and H2uptake reactions. HynSL was expressed inA. macleodiiunder aerobic conditions and reached the maximum activity when the cells entered the late exponential phase. The higher level of hydrogenase activity was accompanied by a greater abundance of the HynSL protein in the late-log or stationary phase. The addition of nickel to the growth medium significantly enhanced the hydrogenase activity. Ni treatment affected the level of the protein, but not the mRNA, indicating that the effect of Ni was exerted at the posttranscriptional level. Hydrogenase activity was distributed ∼30% in the membrane fraction and ∼70% in the cytoplasmic fraction. Thus, HynSL appears to be loosely membrane-bound. Partially purifiedA. macleodiihydrogenase demonstrated extraordinary stability. It retained 84% of its activity after exposure to 80°C for 2 h. After exposure to air for 45 days at 4°C, it retained nearly 100% of its activity when assayed under anaerobic conditions. Its catalytic activity in the presence of O2was evaluated by the hydrogen-deuterium (H-D) exchange assay. In 1% O2, 20.4% of its H-D exchange activity was retained. The great stability of HynSL makes it a potential candidate for biotechnological applications.

Enterococcus faecium isolated from Lombo, a Portuguese traditional meat product: characterisation of antibacterial compounds and factors affecting bacteriocin production

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2012.0036 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 319-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

S.D. Todorov ◽

L. Favaro ◽

P. Gibbs ◽

M. Vaz-Velho

Keyword(s):

Mode Of Action ◽

Enterococcus Faecium ◽

Proteolytic Enzymes ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Meat Product ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Tween 20 ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Spoilage Bacteria ◽

Faecium Strain

Strain ST211CH, identified as a strain of Enterococcus faecium, isolated from Lombo produced a bacteriocin that inhibited the growth of Enterococcus spp., Listeria spp., Klebsiella spp., Lactobacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. The mode of action of the bacteriocin named as bacteriocin ST211Ch was bactericidal against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC19443. As determined by Tricine-SDS-PAGE, the approximate molecular mass of the bacteriocin was 8.0 kDa. Loss in antimicrobial activity was recorded after treatment with proteolytic enzymes. Maximum activity of bacteriocin ST211Ch was measured in broth cultures of E. faecium strain ST211Ch after 24 h; thereafter, the activity was reduced. Bacteriocin ST211Ch remained active after exposure to various temperatures and pHs, as well as to Triton X-100, Tween-80, Tween-20, sodium dodecyl sulfate, NaCl, urea and EDTA. Effect of media components on production of bacteriocin ST211Ch was also studied. On the basis of PCR reactions targeting different bacteriocin genes, i.e. enterocins, curvacins and sakacins, no evidences for the presence of these genes in the total DNA of E. faecium strain ST211Ch was obtained. The bacterium most probably produced a bacteriocin different from those mentioned above. Based on the antimicrobial spectrum, stability and mode of action of bacteriocin ST211CH, E. faecium strain ST211Ch might be considered as a potential candidate with beneficial properties for use in biopreservation to control food spoilage bacteria.

Enhancement of Aeribacillus pallidus lipase production through optimization of medium composition using Box behnken design and its application in detergents formulations

10.21203/rs.2.11777/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ameni KTATA ◽

karray aida ◽

Ines Mnif ◽

Sofiane BEZZINE

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Lipase Production ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Medium Composition ◽

P Value ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Box Behnken Design ◽

Optimized Conditions

Abstract Background Alkaline, thermostable bacterial lipases are very interested at detergent applications, seen that they replace the use of synthetic detergents which cause substantial environmental problems. These enzymes based detergent are eco friendly and produce a waste water with low level of COD. The present study, investigates a newly isolated Aeribacillus pallidus strain produces, without induction, a novel halophilous, thermo-alkaline and detergent- tolerant lipase. Results Considerable interest has been given to this lipase by the improvement of its production by the optimization of the pH, the (C/N) ratio and the inoculums size, using the response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken Design of experiments. A total of 16 experiments were conducted, and the optimized pH, (C/N) ratio and inoculums size were 10, 1 and 0,3 respectively. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test indicated that the established model was significant (p value < 0.05). Conclusions A 6,68-fold of increase in enzyme activity was revealed under the optimized conditions with the maximum activity of 68 U/ml. Additionally, lipase of Aeribacillus pallidus is considered as a potential candidate for applications in detergent formulations since it displayed a good stability towards detergents and wash performance.

Effects of type and concentration of alginate on microencapsulation characteristics of lime essential oil (Citrus aurantifolia) produced by extrusion-dripping methods

The Journal of Agriculture and Development ◽

10.52997/jad.9.01.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (01) ◽

pp. 65-76

Author(s):

Vinh Truong

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Protein Content ◽

Organic Waste ◽

High Viscosity ◽

Active Ingredients ◽

Citrus Aurantifolia ◽

Experimental Range ◽

Alginate Concentration

The extrusion-dripping method to produce alginate-calcium beads for microencapsulation of lime oil (Citrus aurantifolia) was carried out in this study. The experimental range of alginate concentration was from 1 to 4%. Above 1% alginate concentration, viscosity was pseudoplastic behavior. The size (1.52 - 1.57 mm) and sphericity (above 95%) of the beads were maximum at alginate concentration of 2 - 3%. The extrusion-dripping method was not applicable when alginate concentration was over 3.5% due to the high viscosity resulting in low sphericity. The two types of alginates with a protein content of 9% (alg1) and 2% (alg2) had the same microencapsulation yield of 73 - 74%. However, the solid recovery of alg2 (98.99%) was much higher than that of alg1 (52.71%). This is because alg2 has a higher purity and if it is used in production, it is easier to control the content of active ingredients and reduce the amount of organic waste that is harmful to the environment compared to alg1.

Comparative gene coexpression network analysis reveals different strategies of Trichoderma spp. associated with XYR1 and CRE1 during cellulose degradation

10.1101/2020.05.02.074344 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rafaela Rossi Rosolen ◽

Alexandre Hild Aono ◽

Déborah Aires Almeida ◽

Jaire Alves Ferreira Filho ◽

Maria Augusta Crivelente Horta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cellulose Degradation ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Coexpression Network ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Gene Coexpression Network ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Gene Coexpression

AbstractTrichoderma atroviride and Trichoderma harzianum are mycoparasitic fungi widely used in agriculture as biocontrol agents. T. harzianum is also a potential candidate for hydrolytic enzyme production, in which gene expression is tightly controlled by the transcription factors (TFs) XYR1 and CRE1. Herein, we explore the genetic mechanisms of both regulators by inferring a gene coexpression network for T. harzianum (IOC-3844 and CBMAI-0179) and for T. atroviride (CBMAI-0020). The phylogenetic analyses indicated that XYR1 and CRE1 are extensively distributed among ascomycete fungi and suggested how T. atroviride is differentiated from T. harzianum. Transcripts encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), TFs, sugar and ion transporters, and proteins with unknown function were coexpressed with xyr1 or cre1, and several metabolic pathways were recognized with high similarity between both regulators. Hubs from these groups included transcripts not yet characterized or described as related to cellulose degradation. The results differed according to the strains, suggesting that different molecular mechanisms related to XYR1 and CRE1 are used by Trichoderma spp. during cellulose degradation. These results can be exploited to improve the understanding of the regulation involved in hydrolytic enzyme expression, thereby expanding the potential of T. harzianum use in several industrial applications.

Screening and Isolation of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Black Soldier Flays Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Feeding with Rice Straw

Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education ◽

10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.6762 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 314

Author(s):

Ateng Supriyatna ◽

Ukit Ukit

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Methyl Cellulose ◽

Biology Education ◽

Exponential Phase ◽

Cellulolytic Activity ◽

Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽

Isolation Method ◽

Hermetia Illucens ◽

Waste Degradation

A research on screening and isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of larvae Black Soldier treated rice straw feed has been conducted. The purpose of this study is to get the type of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of larvae and bacteria that have the highest potential to degrade cellulose. Screening and isolation method applied by using intestinal larvae obtained from larval gut vortex at a speed of 1500 rpm. Furthermore, dilution graded from 1 to 10 and grown in media CMC (carboxyl methyl cellulose) at 37 0C and incubated for 48 hours. Observations were made based on the characteristics of the microscopic, macroscopic, biochemical test, cellulolytic activity and the activity of cellulase enzymes selected bacteria. The results showed a 9 cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the larvae. Bacillus sp. is a bacteria that have the highest potential with cellulolitic activity 2.1 mm (dz/dk), the exponential phase of hour at the 24th, and cellulase enzyme activity of 0.4 U/mL at pH 7 and 0.41 U/mL at pH 8.This research showed that the Black Soldier Flays Larvae (Hermetia illucens) have competencein organic waste degradation, because in Black Soldier Flays Larvae’s gut, cellulolitic enzyme is produced by cellulolitic bacteria, specially Bacillus sp,How to CiteSupriyatna, A., & Ukit, U. (2016). Screening and Isolation of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Black Soldier Flays Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Feeding with Rice Straw. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(3), 314-320.