scholarly journals TITONIA DAN JERAMI PADI YANG DIKOMPOSKAN TERHADAP CIRI KIMIA TANAH DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG PADA ULTISOL

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽  
Annisa Fitri ◽  
Syafrimen Yasin
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Level Of Significance

Ultisol is broad suboptimal soils, need to be developed to increase for foods and animal feeds, but properties of physics and chemistry by the soils bad. This research was aimed to studied the influence of compost derived from titonia plus rice straw in improving chemical properties of Ultisol and corn production. This researh was conducted in glasshouse and Soil Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia from January to July 2017. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments (0.00; 2.50; 5.00;7.50; 10.00 tonha-1. with 3 replications. Soil data resulted were compared to the soil criteria, while corn data were statistically analyzed the variance and continued using DNMRT at 0.05 level of significance, if F-calculated > F-table. The results of research showed that optimum dosage for repaired chemical properties of 7,50 tonha-1. It dosage soil pH 6,18 unit; available P by 17,64ppm; CEC by 18,38cmol(kg)-1; organic-C by 1,27%, total-N by 0,23%; K-exch. by 0,49cmol(kg)-1; Ca-exch. by 2,63  cmol(kg)-1; Mg-exch. by 0,57cmol(kg)-1 dan Na-exch. by 0,39cmol(kg)-1, with dry weight of seed by 85,48gpot-1; dry weight of straw by 75,84gpot-1 and dry weight of 100 seed by 25,50g. Key words : Compost derived from titonia plus rice straw, corn, Ultisol.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Beberapa Formula Pupuk Terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.) di Subak Tegal Lantang Kecamatan Denpasar Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
MADE KRISNANDA ADI SAPUTRA ◽  
KETUT DHARMA SUSILA ◽  
TATI BUDI KUSMIYARTI
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Effect of Some Fertilizer Formulas on Soil Chemical Properties and Yield of Green Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Subak Tegal Lantang, West Denpasar District. The aims of this study is to determine the effect of several fertilizer formulas on soil chemical properties and yield of green mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Subak Tegal Lantang, West Denpasar District. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 6 treatments including controls and repeated 4 times with a total of 24 treatment plots. Fertilization treatment consists of three types of fertilizers, namely organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, and biofertilizer. The fertilizer formula tested consisted of P0 = control (without fertilizer), P1= 5 tons of compost ha-1 + 300kg Phonska ha-1 + 200kg Urea ha-1, P2= 5 tons of compost ha-1 + 300kg Phonska ha-1 + 200kg Urea ha-1 + biofertilizer (1 cc / liter water / plot), P3= 10 tons of compost ha-1 + 300kg Phonska ha-1 + 200kg Urea ha-1, P4= 10 tons of compost ha-1 + 300kg Phonska ha-1 + 200kg Urea ha-1 + biofertilizer (1 cc / liter of water / plot), P5= biofertilizer with a concentration of 1 cc / liter of water / plot. The data from the observed parameters then analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (Anova) to determine the significance of the treatment. If it has a significant effect on the parameters observed, then it will be followed by the LSD test at the 5% real level. The results of study showed that the fertilizer formula treatment had a very significant effect on organic-C (P <0,01) and significantly affected the plant fresh weight (P <0,05), but had no significant effect on the acidity (pH), total-N, available-K, available-P, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, plant height, number of leaves, and plant dry weight. The P4 fertilizer formula gave the highest increase in soil organic-C content significantly by 2.99% or an increase of 66% compared to the control and gave the highest yield of fresh greens mustard by 23.64 tons ha-1.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOS ASAL KULIT JENGKOL (Phitecolobium jiringa (Jack) Prain ex King) TERHADAP CIRI KIMIA TANAH SAWAH DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PADI

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽  
Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽  
Rosa Nofianti
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Data ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Level Of Significance

This research had been conducted in the greenhouse and the Soil Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera. The study was done from March until October 2011.  The aims of this research were to get the effect of compost from jengkol shell on chemical properties of paddy soil and rice yield.  The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse and the experimental units were arranged based on completely randomized design (CRD).  The treatments were application of compost K0 = 0 tons/ha (0 g/pot), K1 = 5 tons/ha (20 g/pot), K2 = 10 tons/ha (40 g/pot), K3 = 20 tons/ha (80 g/pot), K4 = 40 tons/ha (160 g/pot).  The data were compared to the criteria of soil chemical properties and plant data were statistically analysed for the variance.  If the F calculated > F table, the analyses were continued   by using DNMRT at 0.05 level of significance.  The results showed that application of 160 g compost/pot increased soil pH by 21.78%, N-total by 123.07%, organic-C by 65.84%, available P by 93.55%, K exch. by 238.35%, Ca exch. by 133.33%, Mg exch. by 90.00%, CEC by 238.90%, Cu exch. by 54,10%, as well as the yield by 12,68% compared to the treatment without compost application.Keywords : jengkol, nutrients, paddy soil, production 

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties of acid soils from Madhupur Tract and Northern & Eastern Piedmont Plains of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Asif Ahmed Ratul ◽  
Tahsina Sharmin Hoque ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Md Anamul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Physico Chemical

Soil reaction is an important issue that adversely affects soil fertility and crop productivity. Twenty five representative soil samples from farmers’ fields of Ramchandrakura, Bishgiripar, Andharupara and Nayabil villages of Nalitabari upazila under Sherpur district (AEZ 22-Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plains) and twenty soil samples from farmers’ fields of Bakta, Nishchintopur, Boril and Kaladaho villages of Fulbaria upazila under Mymensingh district (AEZ 28-Madhupur Tract) were collected and analyzed to study the physico-chemical properties of acid soils. Among 45 samples, 13 were sandy loam, 17 were silt loam, 10 were loam, 2 were clay loam and 3 were loamy sand in texture. Soil pH was very strongly acidic to strongly acidic. The soil pH of AEZ 22 varied from 3.81 to 4.78 and that of AEZ 28 varied from 3.96 to 5.11. The organic C of Nalitabari soil varied from 0.50 to 1.35% and that of Fulbaria soils ranged from 0.50 to 1.27% showing low to medium status. The status of nutrient elements viz. N, P, K and S in most of the samples was very low or very low to medium. Total N contents of AEZ 22 varied from 0.06 to 0.14% and that of AEZ 28 varied from 0.07 to 0.16%. Available P in soils of AEZ 22 varied from 3.25 to 26.45 ppm and that in soils of AEZ 28 ranged from 2.45 to 16.62 ppm. Exchangeable K in AEZ 22 soils varied from 15.13 to 92.41 ppm and that in AEZ 28 soils varied from 16.09 to 98.41 ppm. Available S in AEZ 22 soils varied from 1.68 to 33.70 ppm and that in AEZ 28 soils from 3.95 to 27.52 ppm. Therefore, these acid soils should be amended with liming materials and fertilized with inorganic fertilizers and organic manures for successful crop production. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 12-20

scholarly journals Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activity of Soil as Affected by Tillage System and Previous Crop

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Experimental Factor ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Tillage System

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tillage system and previously cultivated crop on the chemical properties and enzyme activity of soil. The first-order experimental factor was the tillage system, i.e., (1) conventional tillage (CT) and (2) reduced tillage (RT), whereas the second-order experimental factor was the previously cultivated crop, i.e., a) pea and b) durum wheat. Samples of soil were analyzed for the contents of organic C, total N, available forms of P, K, and Mg, as well as soil pH, total sorption capacity, and activity of soil enzymes (dehydrogenases, phosphatases, ureases, and proteases). The study demonstrated that the contents of organic C, total N, and available forms of K and Mg as well as soil pH were higher in soil subjected to RT than in that subjected to CT. In plots after pea cultivation, higher values were determined for the contents of total N and Mg, whereas in plots after durum wheat cultivation, the contents of organic C, P, and K and the soil pH were higher. Higher activities of dehydrogenases and phosphatases in soil were noted in soils subjected to the CT system than in those subjected to the RT system, whereas the activities of ureases and proteases were higher in soils subjected to RT. In addition, higher activities of dehydrogenases, phosphatases, and proteases were determined in the soil after pea cultivation than after durum wheat cultivation, whereas a higher activity of ureases was found in the soil after durum wheat cultivation. The C/N ratio was more beneficial after CT than after RT, as well as in the soil from plots after pea cultivation than after durum wheat cultivation.

scholarly journals Determination of critical pH and Al concentration of acidic Ultisols for wheat and canola crops

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaha-Al Baquy ◽  
Jiu-Yu Li ◽  
Chen-Yang Xu ◽  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Ren-Kou Xu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Dry Land

Abstract. Soil acidity has become a serious constraint in dry land crop production systems of acidic Ultisols in tropical and subtropical regions of southern China, where winter wheat and canola are cultivated as important rotational crops. Regardless of other common existing concerns in acidic Ultisols of southern China, it needs to be investigated whether soil acidity has any effect on wheat and canola growth. There is little information on the determination of critical soil pH as well as aluminium (Al) concentration for wheat and canola crops. The objective of this study was to determine the critical soil pH and exchangeable aluminium concentration (AlKCl) for wheat and canola production. Two pot cultures with two Ultisols from Hunan and Anhui were conducted for wheat and canola crops in a controlled growth chamber, with a completely randomized design. A soil pH gradient ranging from 3.7 (Hunan) and 3.97 (Anhui) to 6.5, with three replications, was used as a treatment. Aluminium sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) were used to obtain the target soil pH levels. Plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of wheat and canola were adversely affected by soil acidity in both locations. The critical soil pH and AlKCl of the Ultisol from Hunan for wheat were 5.29 and 0.56 cmol kg−1, respectively. At Anhui, the threshold soil pH and AlKCl for wheat were 4.66 and 2.36 cmol kg−1, respectively. On the other hand, the critical soil pH for canola was 5.65 and 4.87 for the Ultisols from Hunan and Anhui, respectively. The critical soil exchangeable Al for canola cannot be determined from the experiment of this study. The results suggested that the critical soil pH and AlKCl varied between different locations for the same variety of crop, due to the different soil types and their other soil chemical properties. The critical soil pH for canola was higher than that for wheat for both Ultisols, thus canola was more sensitive to soil acidity. Therefore, we recommend that liming should be undertaken to increase soil pH if it falls below these critical soil pH levels for wheat and canola production.

Spatial and temporal variability in chemical properties of a podzolic B horizon of an old-growth maple forest

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Godbout ◽  
Jean-Louis Brown
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Soil Changes

A Podzolic soil from an old-growth maple hardwood forest in eastern Canada was systematically sampled from a 16.5-m-long trench in 1975. In 1986, the upper 10 cm of the B horizon was resampled from two sampling lines located on each side and parallel to the 1975 trench, one at a distance of 1 m downhill and the other at a distance of 4 m uphill. Total N, organic C, pH, and exchangeable Ca, Mg and K were measured. The objectives were to evaluate the change in the chemical status of the B horizon from 1975 to 1986 and to characterize the spatial variability of the horizon. No significant change was found in the soil chemical properties tested during this 11-yr period. No significant autocorrelation was observed between soil samples 60 cm apart, except for the downhill sampling line, which was located 1 m from the trench. For most properties, the magnitude of the difference between two soil sampling units was not proportional to the distance separating them over the range of 0.6–4.2 m. Except for pH, a difference in soil properties of more than 30% was observed in 37–56% of sample pairs 60 cm apart. Resampling near (1 m) an old soil pit may not be valid because of possible local modifications of soil properties created by the pit, even when it is filled in. Key words: Podzol, soil variability, acidic deposition, soil changes

scholarly journals Soil Resistance to Burn Severity in Different Forest Ecosystems in the Framework of a Wildfire

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Sara Huerta ◽  
Víctor Fernández-García ◽  
Leonor Calvo ◽  
Elena Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity

Recent changes in fire regimes, with more frequent, extensive, and severe fires, are modifying soil characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of burn severity on the resistance of some physical, chemical, and biochemical soil properties in three different forest ecosystems affected by a wildfire in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. We evaluated burn severity immediately after fire using the Composite Burn Index (CBI) in three different ecosystems: shrublands, heathlands, and oak forests. In the same field plots used to quantify CBI, we took a composite soil sample to analyse physical (mean weight diameter (MWD)), chemical (pH; total C; total organic C (TOC); total inorganic C (TIC); total N; available P; exchangeable cations Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+; and cation exchange capacity (CEC)), and biochemical (β-glucosidase, urease, and acid phosphatase enzyme activities) properties. The resistance index of each property was then calculated. Based on our results, the values of the soil chemical properties tended to increase immediately after fire. Among them, total C, TOC, and exchangeable Na+ showed higher resistance to change, with less variation concerning pre-fire status. The resistance of chemical properties was higher in the oak forest ecosystem. MWD decreased at high severity in all ecosystems, but soils in shrublands were more resistant. We found a high decrease in soil enzymatic activity with burn severity, with biochemical properties being the least resistant to change. Therefore, the enzymatic activity of soil could be a potential indicator of severity in forest ecosystems recently affected by wildfires.

scholarly journals Identification of organic acids produced during rice straw decomposition and their role in rock phosphate solubilization

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kumari ◽  
K.K. Kapoor ◽  
B.S. Kundu ◽  
R. Kumari Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
P Solubilization ◽  
Rock Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Oxalic Acids

The production of organic acids and changes during decomposition of rice straw amended with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and Udaipur rock phosphate (URP) were studied under laboratory conditions. The organic C content of rice straw decreased and total N increased with time, resulting in a decrease in C:N ratio as the decomposition progressed. The pH decreased to acidic range in all the treatments on day 15, but became alkaline again later on. Soluble P increased at 15 days after incubation, declined later during decomposition, and was highest in the treatments containing TCP and <I>Aspergillus awamor</I>i inoculation. Citric, oxalic, formic and maleic acids were detected during decomposition of rice straw and maximum amounts were present on day 15. Citric and oxalic acids were responsible mainly for P solubilization from TCP and URP; generally, citric acid was the most effective in P solubilization.

The characteristics of Shorea macrophylla’s habitat in Tane’ Olen, Malinau District, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fajri ◽  
Pratiwi PRATIWI ◽  
Yosep Ruslim
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract. Fajri M, Pratiwi, Ruslim Y. 2020. The characteristics of Shorea macrophylla’s habitat in Tane’ Olen, Malinau District, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3454-3462.  Shorea macrophylla is a tree species in Tane' Olen forest area. This study analyzed the soil’s physical and chemical properties, topography, and microclimate of S. macrophylla’s habitat. A purposive method was used to select a sampling plot and to place the subplots. Soil was analyzed to determine the physical properties, i.e., texture, bulk density, porosity, and water content, and the chemical properties, i.e., pH, CEC, total N, organic C, C/N ratio, P, K , and Al saturation. Importance value index was determined for each tree species to know the species composition in the study site. Only the dominant species were presented. The soil at the study site had bulk density of 0.60-1.31 gram cm³-1, porosity 50.60%-77.35%, water content 34.88%-95.37%, and soil texture sandy clay. The chemical properties of the soil were as follows: pH was 3.6-4.8, N 0.05%-0.19%, organic C 1.40%-3.65%, P 0.41-1.22 mg 100 gr-1, K 58.68-232.55 mg 100 gr-1, and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) 5.35-10.81 meg 100gr -1. Slope ranged between 0 and 25%. The microclimate characteristics were as follows: temperature was 24-26.5°C, relative humidity 76-87%, and light intensity 145-750 Lm. Trees species with an IVI ≥ 10% were S. macrophylla, Madhuca spectabilis, Myristica villosa Warb, Scorodocarpus borneensis, Eugenia spp., Palaquium spp., Macaranga triloba, Syzygium inophyllum and Shorea sp. Positive associations were observed between S. macropylla and S. borneensis, Eugenia spp., Palaquium spp.. and M. triloba, and negative associations were observed between S. macropylla and M. spectabilis, M. villosa Warb, S. inophyllum, and Shorea sp. S. macrophylla grows on riversides with flat and gentle topography, acidic soil, and lower fertility but with suitable microclimate. This species can be recommended to be planted in degraded tropical forest areas but the microclimate and soil properties should be taken into account.

EFFECT OF LIQUID CATTLE MANURE ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND CORN GROWTH IN NORTHERN GREECE

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH. MATSI ◽  
A. S. LITHOURGIDIS ◽  
N. BARBAYIANNIS
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Manure Treatment ◽  
The Common ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients

SUMMARYThe impact of liquid cattle (Bos taurusL.) manure, applied to soil at common rates and for several years, on certain plant parameters and soil properties has not been studied extensively. The objectives of this study were: a) to assess the effects of manure application on corn (Zea maysL.) yield, macro- and micronutrient concentrations and uptake, in a three-year (2006–2008) field experiment conducted in northern Greece and b) to evaluate the 11-year effect of manure application on soil fertility (particularly on micronutrients avialability) and chemical properties (especially on organic C and total N content). The field experiment of this study had been used in a similar fertilisation experiment since 1996. The treatments, which were applied on the same plots each year over the 11-year period, were: (i) soil incorporation of liquid dairy cattle manure before sowing, at a rate equal to the common N-P inorganic fertilisation for each crop (based on manure's total N and P content); (ii) application of the common inorganic N-P fertilisation for each crop before sowing; (iii) identical to ii, but with split application of the N fertilisers; (iv) no fertilisation (control). Corn dry aboveground biomass yield at the R3 growth stage and grain yield, N, P, K concentrations and macro- and micronutrients uptake increased (p≤ 0.05) upon manure addition at levels similar to or higher than the inorganic fertilisation treatments. The relative increase in grain yield during the three-year period ranged between 63–75% for manure treatment and 50–75% for both inorganic fertilisation treatments. After 11 years of manure application, organic C, total N, and available NO3-N, P, K, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B increased (p≤ 0.05) in the surface soil (0–30 cm). However, no trend of nutrient build up was evident through years (except for Zn). Surprisingly, salinity and available NO3-N in the 60–90 cm soil depth of the manure-treated plots were lower (p≤ 0.05) than that of the inorganic fertilisation treatments and similar to control. Electrical conductivity was 1.76, 3.05, 2.96 and 1.36 dS m−1, for manure treatment, the two inorganic fertilisation treatments and control, respectively, whereas the respective NO3-N concentrations were 7.7, 44.6, 55.1 and 8.3 mg kg−1. Conclusively, repeated application of liquid cattle manure into the soil, at rates comparable to the common inorganic fertilisation for 11 years, can enhance crop yield and macronutrient concentrations in plant tissues and uptake, at levels similar to the inorganic fertilisation. In addition, it can increase micronutrients plant uptake and maintain soil fertility with respect to both macro- and micronutrients and increase soil organic C and total N, without either causing nutrient build up or increasing soil salinity and NO3−accumulation in the deeper soil layers.

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