scholarly journals The Consistency between Covid-19 RT-PCR and IgM/IgG Quick tests results

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 2560-2565
Author(s):  
IRINA-ANCA EREMIA ◽  
◽  
ADRIANA BIDICĂ ◽  
REMUS-IULIAN NICA ◽  
EUGEN RADU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Serologic Tests

The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the results of tests for SARSCoV-2 performed during 07.04.2020- 20.06.2020 in the Department of the Emergency from Bucharest University Emergency Hospital. We detected 173 men and 133 women that were tested with both RT-PCR and serologic tests. The results were concordant for 287 samples (93,8%) that were collected from subjects for whom the diagnosis of COVID-19 was subsequently confirmed (10) or infirmed (277). We found that the most frequent signs and symptoms of patients with COVID-19 were at the respiratory (e.g. dyspnea), neurological (e.g. vertigo, cephalgia) and gastrointestinal (e.g. abdominal pain, vomiting, high volume of the abdomen) systems. There was no situation with positive RT-PCR and IgG and negative IgM results. In our study the RT-PCR and quick serological tests were concordant in 93,8% of cases. The combination of RT-PCR and serological testing can enhance the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnosis.

scholarly journals COVID-19 serological testing for Healthcare Workers in Lombardy, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Del Castillo ◽  
A Castrofino ◽  
F Grosso ◽  
A Barone ◽  
L Crottogini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Screening Process

Abstract Issue COVID-19 pandemic began in Italy on February 20th, 2020. Since the beginning of the emergency Healthcare Workers' (HCWs) involvement was prominent, mainly due to direct assistance to COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we implemented a prevention policy for HCW screening through serological and RT-PCR testing. Description of the problem HCW screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential for prevention and control of the pandemic. Lombardy's Healthcare authorities settled a screening process for HCWs divided into three steps: 1) body temperature assessment at the beginning and the end of work shift, if fever > 37.5 °C was present the HCW was sent back home and a nasopharyngeal swab was performed; 2) progressive recruitment for serological testing; 3) on those positive to IgG a nasopharyngeal swab was performed and tested for viral RNA by RT-PCR. Results Among 79185 HCW tested, 9589 (12%) were positive on serological IgG testing. Of the 9589 positive a nasopharyngeal swab was performed on 6884. Of these 358 (5%) tested positive and the remaining 6526 (95%) negative to RT-PCR. We calculated a Positive Predictive Value of 5.2%. The rate of positive serological tests for each Healthcare facility varied between 0% and 78%. Five percent of all facilities, belonging to Brescia, Bergamo and Cremona area, reported a positivity rate higher than 40% in HCWs. A second cluster (18% of all facilities), involving the same geographical area, reported a rate between 20% and 40%, whereas the remaining facilities (76%) of the region a rate <20%. Lessons Serological IgG testing can be, if followed by immediate nasopharyngeal swab testing, a valid screening intervention on asymptomatic HCWs especially in a high infection prevalence setting. Key messages Serological IgG testing can be, if followed by immediate nasopharyngeal swab testing, a valid screening intervention on asymptomatic HCWs. Infection prevention in HCW may benefit from a screening campaign especially in high prevalence settings.

scholarly journals Optimising triage procedures for patients with cancer needing active anticancer treatment in the COVID-19 era

ESMO Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. e000885
Author(s):  
Grazia Arpino ◽  
Carmine De Angelis ◽  
Pietro De Placido ◽  
Erica Pietroluongo ◽  
Luigi Formisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Asymptomatic Patient ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Active Cancer

BackgroundImmunosuppression induced by anticancer therapy in a COVID-19-positive asymptomatic patient with cancer may have a devastating effect and, eventually, be lethal. To identify asymptomatic cases among patients receiving active cancer treatment, the Federico II University Hospital in Naples performs rapid serological tests in addition to hospital standard clinical triage for COVID-19 infection.MethodsFrom 6 to 17 April 2020, all candidates for chemotherapy, radiotherapy or target/immunotherapy, if negative at the standard clinical triage on the day scheduled for anticancer treatment, received a rapid serological test on peripheral blood for COVID-19 IgM and IgG detection. In case of COVID-19 IgM and/or IgG positivity, patients underwent a real-time PCR (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 test to confirm infection, and active cancer treatment was delayed.ResultsOverall 466 patients, negative for COVID-19 symptoms, underwent serological testing in addition to standard clinical triage. The average age was 61 years (range 25–88 years). Most patients (190, 40.8%) had breast cancer, and chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy was administered in 323 (69.3%) patients. Overall 433 (92.9%) patients were IgG-negative and IgM-negative, and 33 (7.1%) were IgM-positive and/or IgG-positive. Among the latter patients, 18 (3.9%), 11 (2.4%) and 4 (0.9%) were IgM-negative/IgG-positive, IgM-positive/IgG-negative and IgM-positive/IgG-positive, respectively. All 33 patients with a positive serological test, tested negative for RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test. No patient in our cohort developed symptoms suggestive of active COVID-19 infection.ConclusionRapid serological testing at hospital admission failed to detect active asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. Moreover, it entailed additional economic and human resources, delayed therapy administrationand increased hospital accesses.

scholarly journals Clinical validation and performance evaluation of the automated Vitros Total Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies assay for screening of serostatus in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Garnett ◽  
Joanna Jung ◽  
Estella Tam ◽  
Deepthi Rajapakshe ◽  
Stephen Cheney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
List Type ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Few Data

AbstractObjectivesEvaluation of serostatus against SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as an important tool in identification of exposure to COVID-19. We report on the validation of the Vitros Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Total (CoV2T) assay for qualitative serological testing of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.MethodsWe performed validation studies according to COLA guidelines, using samples previously tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. We evaluated precision, analytical interferences, and cross-reactivity with other viral infections. We also evaluated concordance with molecular and other serological testing, and evaluated seroconversion.ResultsThe Vitros CoV2T assay exhibited acceptable precision, was resistant to analytical interference, and did not exhibit cross-reactivity with samples positive for other respiratory viruses. The CoV2T assay exhibited 100% negative predictive agreement (56/56) and 71% positive predictive agreement (56/79) with RT-PCR across all patient samples, and was concordant with other serological assays. Concordance with RT-PCR was 97% > 7 days after symptom onset.ConclusionsThe Vitros CoV2T assay was successfully validated in our laboratory. We anticipate it will be a useful tool in screening for exposure to SARS-CoV-2, however, the use of the CoV2T and other serological assays in clinical management of COVID-19 patients is yet unknown, and must be evaluated in future studies.Key pointsWhat issue or core problem does the study address?Multiple serological assays for detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have received FDA Emergency Use Authorizations, but few data have been published on the performance of these assays.What would one take-home point for the working medical professional be?The Vitros Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Total assay is a total antibody test to be used as a serological screen for exposure to COVID-19. This assay performs well, and is comparable to other serological tests.What is the most significant or most interesting finding of the study?We confirmed that the Vitros Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Total assay, like other serological tests, is not suitable for diagnosis of acute infection, as it is not sensitive to infection <7 days post-onset.

scholarly journals Preexisting vs. de novo antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in individuals without or with virus infection: impact on antibody therapy, vaccine research and serological testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kar Muthumani ◽  
Ziyang Xu ◽  
Moonsup Jeong ◽  
Joel N. Maslow ◽  
Vaniambadi S. Kalyanaraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Antibody Therapy ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Nucleocapsid Proteins ◽  
Pcr Method

AbstractThe causative agent of the ongoing pandemic in the world is SARS-CoV-2. The research on SARS-CoV-2 has progressed with lightning speed on various fronts, including clinical research and treatment, virology, epidemiology, drug development, and vaccine research. Recent studies reported that sera from healthy individuals, who were confirmed negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR method, tested positive for antibodies against spike and nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Further, such antibodies also exhibited neutralizing activity against the virus. These observations have prompted us to prepare a commentary on this topic. While the preexisting antibodies are likely to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection, they may also complicate serological testing results. Another unknown is the influence of preexisting antibodies on immune responses in individuals receiving vaccines against  SARS-CoV-2. The commentary identifies the potential limitations with the serological tests based on spike and nucleocapsid proteins as these tests may overestimate the seroprevalence due to cross-reactive antibodies. The inclusion of tests specific to SARS-CoV-2 (such as RBD of spike protein) could overcome these limitations.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 serological assay and viral testing: a report of professional football setting

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-140176
Author(s):  
Bahar Hassanmirzaei ◽  
Zohreh Haratian ◽  
Ali Ahmadzadeh Amiri ◽  
Amir Ahmadzadeh Amiri ◽  
Navid Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Standard Test ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Viral Testing ◽  
Pcr Test

Purpose of the studyPCR is the current standard test for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, due to its limitations, serological testing is considered an alternative method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure. In this study, we measured the level of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies of male professional football players and compared the results with the standard PCR test to investigate the association between the two tests.Study designParticipants were male professional football players and team officials. Nasopharyngeal swabs and peripheral blood samples were collected for the PCR and serological tests, respectively. Also, previous records of COVID-19 testing and symptoms were gathered. Those with previous positive PCR tests who tested negative for the second time were considered to be recovered patients.ResultsOf the 1243 subjects, 222 (17.9%) were seropositive, while 29 (2.3%) tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Sixty percent of symptomatic cases with a negative PCR were found to be seropositive. The mean level of IgM was significantly higher in PCR-positive and symptomatic subjects, whereas the recovered cases showed significantly higher levels of IgG.ConclusionOur study revealed an inconsistency of results between the two tests; therefore, although application of serological assays alone seems insufficient in diagnosing COVID-19 disease, the findings are beneficial in the comprehension and the management of the disease.

Brucellosis: a retrospective evaluation of 99 cases and review of brucellosis treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neşe Demirtürk ◽  
Tuna Demirdal ◽  
Nurettin Erben ◽  
Serap Demir ◽  
Zerrin Asci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Clinical Sign ◽  
Epidural Abscess ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Frequent Symptom ◽  
Clinical Presentations

This retrospective study was performed in two university hospitals between January 2002 and 2006. Ninety-nine brucellosis patients were included in the study. These patients were classified as acute (91), chronic (4) and relapse (4) according to their clinical presentations and serological tests. Brucella bacteria were isolated in the blood of 17 (17.2%) cases. The most frequent symptom and clinical sign was fever. The osteoarticular complications were found in 17 patients (17.2%). Four of them were complicated with epidural abscess the same time. Two (2.2%) had meningitis, two (2.2%) had epididymoorchitis, three (3.3%) had skin rashes and one (1.1%) had hepatitis. Three of the acute brucellosis patients were pregnant. Rifampin and doxycycline combination therapy had been administered to most of the patients with acute and relapse brucellosis. However, complicated and chronic brucellosis cases were given different treatment combinations. This study reviews brucellosis therapy choices.

Surgical management of soft tissue tumors of the abdominal wall: A retrospective study in a high‐volume sarcoma center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Neuberg ◽  
Olivier Mir ◽  
Antonin Levy ◽  
Isabelle Sourrouille ◽  
Sarah Dumont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors

Ceftriaxone-Induced Acute Pancreatitis

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony E. Zimmermann ◽  
Brian G. Katona ◽  
Joginder S. Jodhka ◽  
Richard B. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Antibiotic Regimen ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Catheter Sepsis ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of probable ceftriaxone-induced acute pancreatitis. CASE SUMMARY: A patient with a history of short-bowel syndrome on home total parenteral nutrition developed fever, chills, and right flank pain. She was diagnosed with gram-negative catheter sepsis and prescribed antibiotic therapy to be administered for four weeks. After completion of the first week of therapy, the antibiotic regimen was changed to intravenous injections of ceftriaxone to be given daily at home. Prior to discharge the patient developed acute abdominal pain, leukocytosis, jaundice, and markedly elevated lipase and amylase concentrations consistent with acute pancreatitis. The patient's condition improved upon discontinuation of the ceftriaxone and the remainder of her stay was uneventful. DISCUSSION: There is only one other case report in the literature of probable ceftriaxone-induced pancreatitis. Multiple other medications have been implicated in causing acute pancreatitis. The exact mechanism of this uncommon adverse effect of ceftriaxone is unknown. CONCLUSIONS: There was a temporal relationship between the development of this patient's signs and symptoms and the administration of ceftriaxone. We could not identify any other factors that may have been responsible for the development of her acute pancreatitis. Ceftriaxone should be considered as a possible etiologic agent in patients who present with acute abdominal pain and elevated lipase and amylase concentrations.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Alvarado Score and Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis (A prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Waleed Saadi Ahmed ◽  
Salah M. Tajer ◽  
Hend M. Sayaly
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Emergency Ward ◽  
Alvarado Score ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background:  Acute appendicitis is the commonest non traumatic cause of acute abdominal pain that needs surgical management .Alvarado score and ultrasonographies are the most cost effective, easy and available aids for diagnosis. The aim of the study was determining   the reliability of Alvarado score and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Results: The study was applied with 100 cases with different types of abdominal pain at presentation with 51 males and 49 females .The sensitivity was97.3% ,specificity 90%, and accuracy  89 of combined usage of Alvarado score and U/S findings preoperatively. Patients and method:  A prospective non-interventional study including patients admitted with suggestive history with signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis to the surgical emergency ward of Baghdad teaching hospital from July 1st 2017 to Feb 10th 2018, Alvarado score calculated and ultrasonography done for each patient enrolled in this study, then to be followed for intraoperative findings. Conclusions: Combined application of Alvarado score and U/S has sensitivity 94.1% ,specificity 90% and accuracy 89% . In our medical facility and emergency ward, acute appendicitis remains as one of the top acute abdominal emergencies needing surgery in patients presenting with atypical clinical finding. So diagnosis becomes difficult. So Alvarado score along with ultrasound findings are useful for increasing the reliability in emergency department for  accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis therefore there should be training for the use of U/S by emergency physician and general surgeon in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in order to decrease the rate of negative appendectomies .  

scholarly journals Feasibility and safety of a symptom-based strategy to discontinue infection control precautions for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 – a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaël Grandmaison ◽  
Marine Baumberger ◽  
Charlotte Pellaud ◽  
Véronique Erard ◽  
Christian Chuard
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Various recommendations exist concerning the discontinuation of contact and droplet precautions (CDP) for patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some are based on repeated negative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results, whereas other are based on clinical criteria. The feasibility and safety of these recommendations are poorly documented. Method: We conducted a retrospective study to assess the feasibility and safety of a symptom-based strategy to discontinue CDP for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. We reviewed the clinical charts of all symptomatic patients hospitalised in our institution with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 to assess the application of a symptom-based strategy for the implementation and discontinuation of CDP. The patients with discontinuation of CDP in accordance with the symptom-based strategy were cross-referenced with patients with potential hospital-acquired COVID-19 in order to assess the safety of this strategy. Results: Among the 147 patients included in our study, our symptom-based strategy was respected in 95 cases (64.6%). Discontinuation of CDP in accordance with the recommendations occurred in 39 patients (26.5%). After the discontinuation of CDP, patients remained hospitalised for a median time of 18 days, with exposure to a median number of three patients, resulting in a total number of 588 days ‘patient-day-exposition’. No hospital-acquired COVID-19 was detected in contact patients. Discussion: The use of a symptom-based strategy to discontinue CDP is applicable and safe. This symptom-based strategy was applicable regardless of patient’s age or COVID-19 severity.

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