Arthropods associated with Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) canopy in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Studies on arthropods associated with tropical rainforest canopies contribute to a further understanding of forest canopy community dynamics and their relationship to the structure and function of this ecosystem. This study evaluated arthropod community composition in monodominant Callisthene fasciculata forest canopy throughout the high water and dry periods in the northern region of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso, Brazil, as a part of a project about arboreal canopy arthropods associated with monodominant areas in this region. Sampling was conducted on 12 individuals of C. fasciculata, six from the high-water season (2010) and six from the dry season (2011), using insecticide fogging. A total of 28,197 arthropods were collected. Hymenoptera (the majority being Formicidae), Diptera, Acari, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were the most representative groups. Although the analysis did not show variation in the abundance of individuals between the high water and dry seasons, the arthropod community varied significantly in taxa composition. Opiliones, Embioptera, Ephemeroptera and Scorpiones occurred only during the high-water period, with Polyxenida and Strepsiptera occurring only in the dry season. Thysanoptera was more abundant in the dry season, showing a relationship with the beginning of the C. fasciculata flowering period. In general, the high water and dry seasons maintain distinct communities in this habitat, illustrating how the temporal variation in the phenology of C. fasciculata imposed by the Pantanal’s hydrological regime alters the composition of the associated arthropod communities in the canopy of these monodominant formations in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso.

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Seasonal Dynamics of Tropical Forest Vegetation in Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, Vietnam Based on UAV Data

Forest and Society ◽

10.24259/fs.v5i2.13027 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 376-389

Author(s):

Nguyen Dang Hoi ◽

Ngo Trung Dung

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forests ◽

Seasonal Dynamics ◽

Forest Canopy ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Canopy Gaps ◽

Dry Season ◽

Image Resolution ◽

Broadleaf Forest ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

Management And Conservation

Seasonal dynamics in tropical forests are closely related to the variation in forest canopy gaps. The canopy gaps change continuously in shape and size between the rainy and dry seasons, leading to the variation in the vegetative indicators. To monitor the variation of the canopy gaps, UAVs were used to collect datas in the mentioned tropical forests at an altitude of over 1,000m in Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, Vietnam with a post-processing image resolution of about 8cm, which allows the detection of relatively small gaps. The analysis results at 10 squares of 1 ha showed a decrease in the area of canopy gaps from the rainy season in September 2019 to the dry season of May 2020. The mixed broad-leaved or broadleaf forest dominates with a greater variation, when the area of the gaps decreases significantly. The variation in forest canopy gaps and vegetative indicators are closely related to the high differentiation of terrain, the seasonal and the dry season climatic characteristics. The fluctuation of the vegetation cover affects the habitats of the species under the forest canopy such as animals, birds and soil fauna. This is one of the scientific bases that contributes to the management and conservation of flora and fauna biodiversity, especially in mountainous tropical forests such as Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve.

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Vegetation near Santa Teresinha, NE Mato Grosso.

Acta Amazonica ◽

10.1590/1809-43921985153301 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 15 (3-4) ◽

pp. 275-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

George Eiten

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Ground Cover ◽

High Water ◽

Dry Season ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Gallery Forests ◽

Seasonally Flooded ◽

Dry Out ◽

Regional Water

The Santa Tenesinha region in northeaster Mato Grosso has a varied vegetation which is principally hammock pantanal. The flat clayey alluvial ground between the hummocks is coveted with a continuous non-cerrado ground cover dominated by grasses but which harbors sedges and a lange herb flora. No woody plants grow in it. The tops of the 10-20m wide, slightly elliptical hummocks, 1.5-2 m high, 10-40 per hectare, are covered with cerrado plants: herbs, semlshrubs, thin- and thick-stemmed shrubs and low trees. For 4-5 months during the latter part of the rainy season, the regional water table rises to the surface and the ground between the hummocks becomes saturated or floods up to 1.5-2 m deep. The tops of the hummocks almost always remain above high water level. In the dry season the surface soil dries out completely. This alternation of saturation or shallow flooding and dryness, prevents woody plant, growth between the hummocks, and except for a few tolerant species, also prevents woody plant. growth on the lower part of the hummochs. The gallery forests in the pantanal are seasonally flooded more deeply but their soil does not dry out so thonoughly in the dry season so woody plant growth is not prevented.

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Wetland dynamics at the transition between humid and semiarid environments of inland Brazil: São Francisco river morphodynamics and implications for the Pandeiros wetland.

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-9075 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diego Alves de Oliveira ◽

Cristina Helena Ribeiro Rocha Augustin ◽

Trevor Hoey ◽

Cristina Persano

Keyword(s):

Hydrological Regime ◽

Dry Season ◽

Oxbow Lakes ◽

Wet Season ◽

Buffer Zones ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Base Level ◽

Level Data ◽

Annual Range ◽

Flood Pulses

The presence of wetlands as a result of local fluvial and hydrological conditions constitutes a frequently observed feature of such rivers. Therefore, they are important elements of the basin, because besides functioning as buffer zones for CO2 and sediments they also house important ecosystems, playing an important role in the control of water circulation.&#160;Brazilian wetlands have different typologies and sizes, varying from huge swamplands such as the Pantanal do Mato Grosso, to flooded savannas called &#8220;veredas&#8221; or oxbow lakes. Their distribution in inland areas depends on the variety of flood pulses mainly linked to seasonality with the presence of distinct dry and wet seasons (Junk et al., 1989).&#160;This strong seasonality affects the S&#227;o Francisco River (SFR), the 4th largest river in Brazil, which has frequent marginal lakes and swamps as it passes through five Brazilian states. This research aims to analyze the effect of the variation of the SFR level from 1925 to 2018, on the flow of the Pandeiros River which is one of many tributaries on the left side of SFR and on its wetland (&#8220;Pantanal Mineiro&#8221;). This wetland is hydrogeomorphologically linked to the SFR and receives water inputs during SFR flood periods.&#160;Measurements of the SFR water level performed once daily in the morning were obtained from gauging station no 44200000 belonging to the Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais (CPRM) [altitude 445 m; 15&#176;56'57.84"S; 44&#176;52'4.68"W. The hydrological year starts at the end of the dry season on October 1st. Time series analyses (level duration curve, Seasonal Trend Decomposition (STL) of the daily level data, monthly level, mean, maximum, minimum level for each day of the year) were conducted to describe the hydrological regime and to assess temporal changes of the SFR levels and how these affect the magnitude, frequency and duration of flooding of the Pandeiros&#8217;s River wetland.&#160;Field observations (March 14, 2018) show that when SFR, which is Pandeiro&#8217;s base level, reaches a level of 5.0 m this leads to flooding conditions of the Pandeiros River wetland.&#160;Over the full period of record (1925-2018) the average level of the SFR was 3.86 m, with a minimum annual average of 2.43 m during the dry season (winter) and maximum of 5.98 m during the wet season (summer), with an average annual range of 3.55 m between both seasons. The SFR was above the 5.0 m threshold flooding level for 20% of the time 1925-2018, which corresponds to an average of 77.8 days of flooding per year in the wetland. The longest period of inundation was 178 days in 1926, when the SFR reached its maximum recorded level, and the shortest was 1 day in 2015, when it reached its minimum. The number of days per year of inundation have decreased over the full record, but that this is mainly due to a significant decrease since 1985. Prior to this, cyclic differences between wetter (1925 and 1985) and drier periods (1925 to 1945, 1945 to 1965) are observed.

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Coleopterans (Hexapoda, Coleoptera) associated with canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) in the Brazilian Pantanal

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-0982 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lúcia Yamazaki ◽

Vanessa França Vindica ◽

Germano Henrique Rosado-Neto ◽

Marinêz Isaac Marques ◽

Leandro Dênis Battirola

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Tropical Forests ◽

Hydrological Regime ◽

High Water ◽

Trophic Guilds ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Tropical Environments ◽

Ecological Patterns ◽

Brazilian Pantanal ◽

Vegetation Formation

Abstract: The study of coleopteran assemblages associated with the canopies of tropical forests can help to expand the knowledge about species diversity and the ecological patterns related to the distribution of this diversity in tropical environments, including wetlands such as the Brazilian Pantanal. In this scenario, the present study examined the effect of temporal variation on the abundance, richness and distribution of the Coleoptera assemblage associated with canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) throughout the dry and high-water seasonal periods in the Northern Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Twelve specimens of C. fasciculata were sampled between 2010 and 2011, six per seasonal period, by thermal fogging with insecticide. A total of 1,663 coleopterans were collected, consisting of 1,572 adults and 91 larvae. The adults are distributed into 38 families and 251 species or morphospecies. Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Nitidulidae and Tenebrionidae predominated in terms of abundance and richness. Family distribution, abundance, species richness and trophic guilds varied between the dry and high-water periods, demonstrating a relationship with the phenological conditions of C. fasciculata in addition to seasonality effect. In conclusion, the seasonality imposed by the hydrological regime and its influence on the phenology of C. fasciculata affect the structure of the coleopteran assemblage associated with the canopy of this monodominant vegetation formation in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso.

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Cerambycidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) Associados à Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae) na Região Norte do Pantanal de Mato Grosso, Brasil

EntomoBrasilis ◽

10.12741/ebrasilis.v7i2.317 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 159-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marinêz Isaac Marques ◽

Geane Brizzola Dos Santos ◽

Leandro Dênis Battirola

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

High Water ◽

Northern Region ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

High Water Period ◽

Vochysia Divergens ◽

Biological Development ◽

One Year ◽

Time Evaluation

Este estudo apresenta registro da associação entre três espécies de Cerambycidae e Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae), espécie vegetal típica da região norte do Pantanal de Mato Grosso, que além de formar adensamentos monodominantes é considerada uma invasora de campos e pastagens nativas nesta região. Neste estudo, galhos e troncos desta espécie vegetal foram coletados ao longo de um ano (julho/1999 a junho/2000) e monitorados em laboratório para avaliação da densidade e período de emergência dos cerambicídeos. Como resultado, foram amostrados 277 indivíduos, representando três espécies de Cerambycidae, Psapharochrus bivittis (White), Luscosmodicum beaveari Martins e Neoeme bouvieri Gounelle. Além do registro da associação, observou-se que o pico de emergência dos Cerambycidae coincide com o início do período de enchente e cheia na região norte do Pantanal, evidenciando o sincronismo entre o desenvolvimento biológico destas espécies e o ciclo hidrológico desta região. Cerambycidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) Associated with Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae) in the Northern Region of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, BrazilAbstract. This study aims the registration of the association between Cerambycidae and Vochysia divergens Pohl (Vochysiaceae), typical plant species of the northern region of the Pantanal of Mato Grosso that besides forming monodominant stands and is considered a weed of fields and pastures in this region. In this study, branches and trunks of this specie were collected over one year (July/1999 - June/2000) and lab monitored for density and emergency time evaluation of Cerambycidae. As results 277 individuals were sampled, representing three species of Cerambycidae, Psapharochrus bivittis (White), Luscosmodicum beaveari Martins and Neoeme bouvieri Gounelle. In addition to registration of the association, it was noted that the emergence peak of Cerambycidae coincides with the beginning of flood and high water period in northern Pantanal, showing the synchronization between the biological development of this species and the hydrological cycle in this region

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Contribution of understory evaporation in a tropical wet forest during the dry season

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-24-2179-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 2179-2206

Author(s):

César Dionisio Jiménez-Rodríguez ◽

Miriam Coenders-Gerrits ◽

Jochen Wenninger ◽

Adriana Gonzalez-Angarita ◽

Hubert Savenije

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Soil Water ◽

Forest Canopy ◽

Water Concentration ◽

High Water ◽

Dry Season ◽

Stable Water Isotopes ◽

Total Evaporation ◽

Isotope Signature ◽

Tropical Wet Forest

Abstract. Tropical wet forests are complex ecosystems with a large number of plant species. These environments are characterized by a high water availability throughout the whole year and a complex canopy structure. However, how the different sections of the canopy contribute to total evaporation is poorly understood. The aim of this work is to estimate the total evaporation flux and differentiate the contribution among canopy layers of a tropical wet forest in Costa Rica. The fluxes were monitored during the dry season by making use of the energy balance to quantify the fluxes and stable water isotopes to trace the sources of water vapor. Total evaporation was 275.5 mm and represents 55.9 % of the recorded precipitation (498.8 mm), with 11.7 % of the precipitation being intercepted and evaporated along the forest canopy. The understory beneath 8 m contributed 23.6 % of the evaporation, and almost half of it comes from the first 2 m of the understory. Stable water isotope signatures show different soil water sources depending on the plant type. Palms make use of a water source with an isotope signature similar to precipitation and throughfall. Soil water with a fractionated signature is used by trees, bushes and lianas. The isotope signature of water vapor samples overlap among different heights, but it was not possible to make use of the Keeling plot method due to the similar isotope signature of the possible sources of water vapor as well as the high water concentration even on the dryer days.

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Contrasting capabilities of two ungulate species to cope with extremes of aridity

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83732-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Melinda Boyers ◽

Francesca Parrini ◽

Norman Owen-Smith ◽

Barend F. N. Erasmus ◽

Robyn S. Hetem

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

High Water ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Body Temperatures ◽

Wet Season ◽

Trade Off ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Mammalian Herbivores ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

Connochaetes Taurinus

AbstractSouthern Africa is expected to experience increased frequency and intensity of droughts through climate change, which will adversely affect mammalian herbivores. Using bio-loggers, we tested the expectation that wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), a grazer with high water-dependence, would be more sensitive to drought conditions than the arid-adapted gemsbok (Oryx gazella gazella). The study, conducted in the Kalahari, encompassed two hot-dry seasons with similar ambient temperatures but differing rainfall patterns during the preceding wet season. In the drier year both ungulates selected similar cooler microclimates, but wildebeest travelled larger distances than gemsbok, presumably in search of water. Body temperatures in both species reached lower daily minimums and higher daily maximums in the drier season but daily fluctuations were wider in wildebeest than in gemsbok. Lower daily minimum body temperatures displayed by wildebeest suggest that wildebeest were under greater nutritional stress than gemsbok. Moving large distances when water is scarce may have compromised the energy balance of the water dependent wildebeest, a trade-off likely to be exacerbated with future climate change.

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Long-term changes of river discharge regime in Latvia

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2008.033 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 133-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maris Klavins ◽

Valery Rodinov

Keyword(s):

Climate Variability ◽

River Discharge ◽

Water Resource Management ◽

Regional Climate ◽

Hydrological Regime ◽

High Water ◽

Regime Changes ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

Discharge Regime

The study of changes in river discharge is important for regional climate variability characterization and for development of an efficient water resource management system. The hydrological regime of rivers and their long-term changes in Latvia were investigated. Four major types of river hydrological regimes, which depend on climatic and physicogeographic factors, were characterized. These factors are linked to the changes observed in river discharge. Periodic oscillations of discharge, and low- and high-water flow years are common for the major rivers in Latvia. A main frequency of river discharge regime changes of about 20 and 13 years was estimated for the studied rivers. A significant impact of climate variability on the river discharge regime has been found.

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Temporal and spatial variation of Myriapoda (Diplopoda and Chilopoda) assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2018-0514 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lorhaine Santos-Silva ◽

Tamaris Gimenez Pinheiro ◽

Amazonas Chagas-Jr ◽

Marinêz Isaac Marques ◽

Leandro Dênis Battirola

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variation ◽

Habitat Type ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

High Water ◽

Trophic Levels ◽

Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽

Ecosystem Integrity ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Temporal And Spatial ◽

Hydrological Cycles

Abstract: Myriapods constitute important edaphic macrofauna taxa which dwell in different trophic levels and influence the dynamics of these environments. This study evaluated the variation in composition, richness and abundance of edaphic myriapod assemblages as a function of the distribution and structure of flooded and non-flooded habitats (spatial variation) and hydrological seasonality (temporal variation) in a floodplain of the northern Pantanal region of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Sampling was carried out in three areas of the Poconé Pantanal, along an altitudinal and inundation gradient consisting of inundated and non-inundated habitats and different vegetation formations. Three quadrats (10 x 10 m) were delimited within each habitat type, where sampling was performed using pitfall traps and mini-Winkler extractors during the dry, rising water, high water and receding water periods of two hydrological cycles within the Pantanal (2010/2011 and 2011/2012). A total of 549 millipedes were collected, consisting of 407 Diplopoda and 142 Chilopoda distributed in six orders, 12 families and 20 species. The assemblages composition varied throughout the seasonal periods, indicating that the rising water and dry periods differed from the high water and receding water periods. In addition to the variation between seasonal periods, myriapod richness and abundance also varied in relation to areas consisting of different vegetation formations. Thus, it can be concluded that the hydrological seasonality associated with the inundation gradient and different vegetation types were determinant in the heterogeneous spatial and temporal distribution of myriapod assemblages, validating that the conservation of these invertebrates in the Pantanal is directly linked to the preservation of vegetation, and consequently, ecosystem integrity.

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Rising ecosystem water demand exacerbates the lengthening of tropical dry seasons

10.21203/rs.3.rs-218770/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Xu ◽

Xu Lian ◽

Ingrid Slette ◽

Hui Yang ◽

Yuan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Demand ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

Central Africa ◽

Dry Season ◽

Land Area ◽

Key Factor ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

The Tropics ◽

Factor Governing

Abstract The timing and length of the dry season is a key factor governing ecosystem productivity and the carbon cycle of the tropics. Mounting evidence has suggested a lengthening of the dry season with ongoing climate change. However, this conclusion is largely based on changes in precipitation (P) compared to its long-term average (P ̅) and lacks consideration of the simultaneous changes in ecosystem water demand (measured by potential evapotranspiration, Ep, or actual evapotranspiration, E). Using several long-term (1979-2018) observational datasets, we compared changes in tropical dry season length (DSL) and timing (dry season arrival, DSA, and dry season end, DSE) among three common metrics used to define the dry season: P < P ̅, P < Ep, and P < E. We found that all three definitions show that dry seasons have lengthened in much of the tropics since 1979. Among the three definitions, P < E estimates the largest fraction (49.0%) of tropical land area likely experiencing longer dry seasons, followed by P < Ep (41.4%) and P 120 days) among the three definitions occurred in the most arid and the most humid regions of the tropics. All definitions and datasets consistently showed longer dry seasons in southern Amazon (due to delayed DSE) and central Africa (due to both earlier DSA and delayed DSE). However, definitions that account for changing water demand estimated longer DSL extension over those two regions. These results indicate that warming-enhanced evapotranspiration exacerbates dry season lengthening and ecosystem water deficit. Thus, it is necessity to account for the evolving water demand of tropical ecosystems when characterizing changes in seasonal dry periods and ecosystem water deficits in an increasingly warmer and drier climate.

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