scholarly journals Towards GIS Mapping and Spatial Modelling of Archaeological Sites in the Southeast Queensland Bioregion

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Rowland ◽  
Malcolm Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Correlative Models ◽  
Recent Refinement ◽  
Southeast Queensland ◽  
Water Elevation

<p>In the early 1980s a strategic approach to the description, assessment and management of cultural heritage places using biogeographical boundaries was developed in Queensland. A recent refinement correlates sites on the Environmental Protection Agency's Indigenous Sites Database with environmental variables for the Moreton Basin Province of the Southeast Queensland Bioregion. Archaeological sites in the province are correlated with distance to water, elevation and particular geological and vegetation types. These correlations may reflect either real relationships or biases in the data. Preliminary correlative models developed are not considered substitutes for further inventory surveys and ongoing model refinement. The development of such models is considered useful in providing initial understanding of site distribution patterns.</p>

scholarly journals Bioinformatics-based prediction of conformational epitopes for Enterovirus A71 and Coxsackievirus A16

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Wang ◽  
Miao Zhu ◽  
Yulu Fang ◽  
Hao Rong ◽  
Liuying Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Coxsackievirus A16 ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
Conformational Epitopes ◽  
Enterovirus A71 ◽  
Antigenic Evolution

AbstractEnterovirus A71 (EV-A71), Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and CV-A10 are the major causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). The conformational epitopes play a vital role in monitoring the antigenic evolution, predicting dominant strains and preparing vaccines. In this study, we employed a Bioinformatics-based algorithm to predict the conformational epitopes of EV-A71 and CV-A16 and compared with that of CV-A10. Prediction results revealed that the distribution patterns of conformational epitopes of EV-A71 and CV-A16 were similar to that of CV-A10 and their epitopes likewise consisted of three sites: site 1 (on the “north rim” of the canyon around the fivefold vertex), site 2 (on the “puff”) and site 3 (one part was in the “knob” and the other was near the threefold vertex). The reported epitopes highly overlapped with our predicted epitopes indicating the predicted results were reliable. These data suggested that three-site distribution pattern may be the basic distribution role of epitopes on the enteroviruses capsids. Our prediction results of EV-A71 and CV-A16 can provide essential information for monitoring the antigenic evolution of enterovirus.

scholarly journals ‘Pre-Neolithic’ in Southeast Europe: a Bulgarian perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 95-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gurova ◽  
Clive Bonsall
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Site Distribution

 This paper discusses why large areas of the central and northern Balkans lack evidence of Mesolithic settlement and what implications this holds for future research into the Neolithization of the region. A marked shift in site distribution patterns between Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic is interpreted as a response to changing environmental conditions and resource availability. It is suggested that some important questions of the pattern, processes and timing of the transition to farming across the Balkan Peninsula may only be answered through new archaeological surveys of the Lower Danube valley and exploration of submerged landscapes along the Black Sea, Aegean and Adriatic coasts.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal distribution patterns of archaeological sites in China during the Neolithic and Bronze Age: An overview

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1576-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Hosner ◽  
Mayke Wagner ◽  
Pavel E Tarasov ◽  
Xiaocheng Chen ◽  
Christian Leipe
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Spatiotemporal Distribution ◽  
Archaeological Sites

Australian Indigenous Ochres

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Huntley
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Novel Studies ◽  
Trade And Exchange ◽  
Key Terms

Aboriginal Australians use ochre in varied cultural practices. It is found in the earliest to most recent archaeological sites and geographically across the wide-ranging geological and climatic contexts of the continent. Ochre’s importance in Aboriginal societies, coupled with its availability across Australia and its long-term durability, has led to a ubiquitous archaeological presence with considerable potential to study past cultural landscapes and intergroup interactions, including long-distance trade and exchange. Concentrating on scientific sourcing analyses, this article highlights the benefits of archaeopigment research, defining key terms (ochre, provenience, and provenance) and the technicalities of sourcing studies before discussing theoretical frameworks used in interpretations of ochre distribution patterns. The article argues that as we move away from novel studies on ethnographically well-known source locations into applied research, exceptional Australian records are well placed to investigate territoriality, mobility, intergroup and human–landscape interactions, and to explore the catalysts driving cultural diversity.

scholarly journals Quantified vegetation change over 42 years at Cape Hallett, East Antarctica

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Brabyn ◽  
C. Beard ◽  
R.D. Seppelt ◽  
E.D. Rudolph ◽  
R. Türk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Victoria Land ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
A Site ◽  
Monitoring Change

This paper reports on the remapping of a carefully documented vegetation plot at Cape Hallett (72°19′S 170°16′E) to provide an assessment of the rates of vegetation change over decadal time scales. E.D. Rudolph, in 1962, mapped in detail the vegetation of a site approximately 28 m by 120 m at Cape Hallett, Victoria Land, Antarctica. This site was relocated and remapped in January 2004 and changes were assessed using GIS techniques. This appears to be the longest available time period for assessing vegetation change in Antarctica. The analysis indicated that considerable change had occurred in moss and algae distribution patterns and this seems to have been caused by increased water supply, particularly in wetter areas. There was also evidence of some change in lichen distribution. The extent of the change indicates that vegetation cover can be used for monitoring change in areas as extreme as the Ross Sea region. For this analysis to be successful it was important that the mapping techniques used were totally explicit and could easily be replicated. Fortunately, Rudolph had defined his cover classes and the site was also clearly marked. The application of GIS mapping techniques allows the mapping to be more explicitly defined and easily replicated.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Maritime Archaic Indian and Intermediate Indian Site Distribution in Labrador

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Brake
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Indian Populations ◽  
Site Distribution

This paper is concerned with Maritime Archaic Indian and Intermediate Indian cultures in Labrador and the differences in site distribution patterns between these cultural periods. A brief summary of what is currently known about each culture is presented followed by an examination and comparison of site distribution. All known Maritime Archaic Indian and Intermediate Indian sites in Labrador are considered here. It is shown that over 91% of known Labrador Maritime Archaic Indian sites are located on the coast. In contrast, 56% of known Intermediate Indian sites in Labrador are found in the interior. These results support suggestions that the beginning of the Intermediate Indian period (approximately 3500 B. P.) was a time of change for Indian populations in Labrador and that the interior became much more important for Indian groups at that time (Fitzhugh 1972; Nagle 1978; Tuck n.d.). The possible meanings of these differences in site distribution patterns are discussed and suggestions for future research on this topic are given.

scholarly journals Combining geomorphological–hydrological analyses and the location of settlement and raw material sites – a case study on understanding prehistoric human settlement activity in the southwestern Ethiopian Highlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena A. Hensel ◽  
Oliver Bödeker ◽  
Olaf Bubenzer ◽  
Ralf Vogelsang
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hydrological System ◽  
High Elevations ◽  
Rock Shelters

Abstract. During this study, the recent relations between the hydrological systems and the distribution of archaeological sites and obsidian raw material outcrops within the catchment of the Bisare River, around Mt Damota, and around Mt Sodicho in the southwestern Ethiopian Highlands were investigated. To do so, we combined geomorphological–hydrological analyses with field surveys and GIS mapping. The aim was to try to transfer these recent interrelations into the past to better understand the factors that influenced prehistoric human settlement activity. The natural geomorphodynamics in landscapes such as the southwestern Ethiopian Highlands were and still are characterized by the interplay between endogenous processes (tectonics, volcanism) and climatic fluctuations and, during the recent past, also by human activity. In the considered region, protective and potentially habitable rock shelters are found at the volcanic slopes of Mt Damota and Mt Sodicho at high elevations. In addition, in some areas recent morphodynamic processes make obsidian raw material available near the surface. However, archaeological and terrestrial paleoenvironmental archives that allow an understanding of the interplay between prehistoric settlement activity and paleoenvironmental conditions are still rare. Therefore, the surroundings of formerly occupied rock shelters were investigated to illustrate the effect of the recent fluvial morphodynamics (erosion and accumulation) on surface visibility and preservation of archaeological obsidian raw material. This recent information can be used to make assumptions about the former hydrological system and to thereby get answers to research questions such as those about the past accessibility of obsidian raw material for prehistoric humans. The results suggest that the study area is currently affected by a highly dynamic hydrological system, which is indicated by phenomena such as the formation of swamps due to sedimentation in natural depressions. In addition, wide areas of the Bisare River catchment are affected by gully erosion, which leads to land degradation but also to the exposure of the above-mentioned lithic raw material outcrops. Human influence strongly increased during the Holocene until today, especially on the mountain flanks. This in turn increased soil loss and erosion of archaeological sites, which complicates the transfer of the current morphodynamics into the past. Although it cannot be finally confirmed that prehistoric hunters and gatherers systematically used fluvially exposed raw material, based on our results it can be assumed that humans frequented this area, due to the local availability of such kind of material.

scholarly journals Technology of Dvaravati Pottery: A View from Petrographic Analysis.

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duangkamol Aussavamas
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Material Distribution ◽  
Material Source ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Central Thailand

This study focuses on the examination of aspects of the carinated pottery of the Dvaravati period. This type of pottery is one of the most prominent types found in a large number of Dvaravati sites in Thailand. Samples used for this study were collected from excavations at archaeological sites located in several regions of Thailand including Northern, Northeastern and Central Thailand. The carinated potteries were analyzed using petrographic analysis. The objective of this work was to examine the pottery fabric. This method is used to establish sources of raw materials, and whether production techniques, decorations, and firing temperature show patterns associated with the raw material source distributions. It is also possible to reconstruct the production technology of the vessels. Knowing the source of raw materials (source of clay and temper) and understanding the patterns of manufacturing and decorative processes help better understand material distribution patterns of the Dvaravati period. Analysis shows that Dvaravati earthenware pottery raw materials include both primary and secondary clays, and that temper used was both organic matter (rice chaff) and grogs (fired clay mixed with iron oxide). Evidence for wheel-thrown production was associated with all decoration styles, and finishing techniques included plain, polishing, incising, cord marking, red slip and black burnishing. The firing temperatures were as low as 400-550° C. These samples indicate there was general homogeneity over a wide area, but also the presence of regional groups of pottery. This suggests the widespread circulation of pottery styles among various production centers during the Dvaravati period.

scholarly journals Mapping for gender. Interpreting artefact distribution inside 1st- and 2nd-century A.D. forts in Roman Germany

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope M. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Military Bases ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Roman Germany

Artefacts from military bases of the early Roman Empire potentially indicate not only the presence of women and children inside the walls, but also their movements, activities and impact on fort life. This paper explores dynamic approaches to categorizing and gendering artefacts for more holistic investigations of artefact assemblages. It uses GIS mapping techniques to analyse the distribution patterns of ‘gendered’ artefacts within three forts on the German frontier – Vetera I, Ellingen and Oberstimm. It investigates the social significance of these patterns within and between the forts to better understand women's place in this sphere.

scholarly journals The excavation of three archaeological sites on Moreton Island: First Ridge and the Little Sandhills

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Robins
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Disturbed Condition ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
A Site ◽  
Southeast Queensland

The three sites reported herein were excavated in 1980 as part of more detailed examination of sites found during an archaeological survey of Moreton Island in 1979 (Robins 1983, also this volume). Two of them are at First Ridge on the northeastern side and the other is located in the Little Sandhills in the southwestern coast. They were excavated for three reasons. First, as they were originally identified as small piles of shell, a site type not previously recorded in coastal southeast Queensland, I wished to demonstrate that small scale excavation should, in certain circumstances, be incorporated into site surveys undertaken to identify and describe the basic characteristics of the archaeological record. Third, I wanted to illustrate the fact that sites which are often rated low in archaeological significance due to their small size, lack of stratigraphy, disturbed condition, etc., may often be of considerable value.

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