Nowe surowce roślinne w Farmakopei Europejskiej. Część 5. Paeonia × suffruticosa (piwonia drzewiasta) ? źródło nowego surowca terpenoidowo-fenolowego

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Agnieszka Sondej ◽  
Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Paeonia Suffruticosa ◽  
Pharmacological Characterization ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata

The European Pharmacopoeia Supplement 9.4, one of the newest pharmacopoeial documents, contains monographs of new raw materials long known in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) but earlier unknown in official European medicine. Part 1 and 2 comprise characterization of two new saponin raw materials: Bupleuri radix (root of Bupleurum chinense and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium) and Platycodi radix (root of Platycodon grandiflorus ? balloon flower). Part 3 presents therapeutic values of a new essential oil raw material ? Ligustici chuanxiong rhizoma (rhizome of Ligustici chuanxiong), while part 4 portrays a new flavonoid raw material Houttuynia cordata herba (herb of Houttuynia cordata). Part 5 presents botanical-chemical-pharmacological characterization of tree peony (Paeonia × suffruticosa). It was highlighted how important role this plant plays in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Numerous possible applications of the raw material ? Moutan cortex (root bark) were depicted based on modern professional pharmacological studies documenting its very valuable medicinal values including antioxidant, anticancer, cardioprotective and neuroprotective activities. Moreover, the significance of this plant (its different organs) in the production of cosmetics was underlined. Also other species of Paeonia sp. known in TCM and in recent years incorporated in official European medicine are underscored. The aim of the paper was to introduce Polish pharmacists and medical doctors to the basic knowledge of Paeonia x suffruticosa.

Nowe surowce roślinne w Farmakopei Europejskiej. Część 4. Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (pstrolistka sercowata) – źródło nowego surowca flawonoidowego

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Kwiecień ◽  
Agnieszka Kulig ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Halina Ekiert
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
East Asian Medicine ◽  
Asian Medicine ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata Thunb ◽  
Bupleuri Radix

The European Pharmacopoeia Supplement 9.4 introduces several new plant-derived raw materials long known in East-Asian medicine but previously not used in official European medicine. A series of articles in Part 1 and 2 presents species providing new saponin raw materials: Bupleuri radix and Platycodi radix. In part 3, the species which is a source of a new essential oil raw material, namely Ligusticum chuanxiong is characterized. Part 4 is dedicated to outlining the basic botanical-ecological-chemical characteristic of Houttuynia cordata (chameleon plant). The raw material sourced from this species – Houttuyniae herba, has long been known and used not only in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) but also in traditional Japanese, Thai and Nepalese medicine. Most attention was devoted to reviewing the professional pharmacological studies of extracts of this raw material. This review documents very important lines of action of the raw material, namely its antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, the article highlights the significance of this species as a food product in some Asian countries and as a source of cosmetic raw materials. The aim of the article is to popularize basic knowledge on this new pharmacopoeial species among pharmacists and medical doctors.

Nowe surowce roślinne w Farmakopei Europejskiej. Część 3. Ligusticum chuanxiong (Podagrycznik chiński) – zródło nowego surowca olejkowego

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Agnieszka Sondej ◽  
Karolina Jafernik ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Ligusticum Chuanxiong ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bupleuri Radix

The European Pharmacopoeia, Supplement 9.4, one of the newest published pharmacopoeial documents, besides new saponin-bearing raw materials (Bupleuri radix and Platycodi radix) characterized in part 1 and 2 of the series of articles, lists also other new plant raw materials, long known in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) but earlier unknown in official European medicine. Part 3 of the series of articles presents botanical, ecological and chemical characterization of Ligusticum chuanxiong – Sechuan lovage. Rhizome of this species – Ligustici chuanxiong rhizoma is an essential oil-bearing raw material that has long been used in TCM to treat most of all different gynecological ailments and pain of different etiologies. Professional scientific studies documented a wide range of its possible therapeutic applications, e.g. improvement of the cardiovascular system function, and its antioxidant and anticancer properties. A review of pharmacological studies of this raw material was subject to most attention in the article. The aim of the article is to present basic knowledge on Sechuan lovage, which appears indispensable in professional contacts of pharmacists, medical doctors and phytotherapists with patients.

scholarly journals A Methodology Based on FT-IR Data Combined with Random Forest Model to Generate Spectralprints for the Characterization of High-Quality Vinegars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
José Luis P. Calle ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ana Ruiz-Rodríguez ◽  
Gerardo F. Barbero ◽  
José Á. Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Ft Ir

Sherry wine vinegar is a Spanish gourmet product under Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Before a vinegar can be labeled as Sherry vinegar, the product must meet certain requirements as established by its PDO, which, in this case, means that it has been produced following the traditional solera and criadera ageing system. The quality of the vinegar is determined by many factors such as the raw material, the acetification process or the aging system. For this reason, mainly producers, but also consumers, would benefit from the employment of effective analytical tools that allow precisely determining the origin and quality of vinegar. In the present study, a total of 48 Sherry vinegar samples manufactured from three different starting wines (Palomino Fino, Moscatel, and Pedro Ximénez wine) were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data were combined with unsupervised exploratory techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as well as other nonparametric supervised techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), for the characterization of the samples. The HCA and PCA results present a clear grouping trend of the vinegar samples according to their raw materials. SVM in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) successfully classified 100% of the samples, according to the type of wine used for their production. The RF method allowed selecting the most important variables to develop the characteristic fingerprint (“spectralprint”) of the vinegar samples according to their starting wine. Furthermore, the RF model reached 100% accuracy for both LOOCV and out-of-bag (OOB) sets.

scholarly journals Poly Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation prepared with skin moisturizing properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Meng ◽  
Jia-Rui Li ◽  
Yin-Mao Dong ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Yi-Fan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Fluid Production ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Background Many traditional Chinese medicine compositions can moisturize the skin and utilize in cosmetics. Using a combination of Chinese Medicine Materials and guided by Traditional Chinese Medicine principles, this study selected Echinacea purpurea to protect the skin barrier, Dendrobium nobile to clear heat and promote fluid production, Sophora flavescens to clear heat for diminished inflammation, and Aloe vera combined Lycium barbarum to nourish yin, to together form a "poly TCM moisturizing formulation". Methods These poly plant extracts were investigated and optimized for the stability, safety and moisturizing ability. The combination moisturizing effect was determined by measuring the expression of FLG mRNA, CLDN-1 mRNA and AQP3 protein. Toxicological analysis included a red blood cell hemolysis test and a 3T3 phototoxicity test . Results It has been observed that by using polysaccharide yield as the evaluation criterion showed optimal extraction at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:100, an extraction temperature of 100 °C, and an extraction time of 3 h. Moisturizing effect experiments showed that the expression of FLG mRNA, CLDN-1 mRNA and AQP3 protein was significantly increased. Toxicological tests showed that the composition was safe and caused no irritating effects. Conclusion Based on these results, this poly TCM moisturizing formulation is safe within moisturizing effects and can be used as a moisturizing raw material in cosmetics.

scholarly journals A Tale of Two Tiles: Characterization of Floor Tiles from the Nineteenth-Century Akko Tower Shipwreck (Israel)

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
Alexandra Inberg ◽  
Dana Ashkenazi ◽  
Yishai Feldman ◽  
Omri Dvir ◽  
Deborah Cvikel
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Type A ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Brown Pigment ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Type B ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Floor Tiles

Fragments of decorated floor tiles were retrieved from the Akko Tower shipwreck, Israel. Most tiles were made of bright brown fired clay with a white glaze decorated with colored stenciled motifs (Type A); and others consisted of a red-brown fired clay body, coated with a brown pigment covered with transparent brown glaze (Type B). This study aimed to characterize the two tile types; to reveal information concerning the manufacturing process; and to determine the origin of their raw material. A multidisciplinary approach was used, including light microscopy, SEM-EDS, electron probe microanalysis with wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EPMA-WDS), XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses. The characterization of both tile types demonstrated the use of different raw materials. The Type A tiles were covered with tin-opacified majolica glaze and colored with various mixtures of pigments. The blue color was due to pigment rich in cobalt; the yellow color was due to Naples yellow and lead-tin yellow I minerals; and the green, orange, and brown colors were all prepared by mixing the Naples yellow pigment with different minerals. These majolica glaze tiles were probably manufactured in Sicily. The brown coating of the Type B tiles was due to pigment rich in lead and iron minerals. These tiles were produced with different manufacturing processes, and apparently made in France.

Could COVID-19 Cause ‘Biopharming’ to Bloom?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Hefferon ◽  
Henry Miller ◽  
Henry Miller
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Flexible Production ◽  
Cost Cutting ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Production Techniques

At an accelerated rate in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, academic and corporate scientists are using genetic engineering techniques to reprogram plants to produce significant concentrations of high-value pharmaceuticals. The concept is not new. Many common medicines, such as certain opiates, the laxative Metamucil, and the anti-cancer drug Taxol, are all purified from plants, and efficacy has been shown for some herbals in Traditional Chinese Medicine. There is great potential for cost-cutting in the process: The energy for product synthesis comes from the sun, and the primary raw materials are water and carbon dioxide. In addition, biopharming offers tremendous flexibility and economy when adjustments in production are necessary. The need for inexpensive, flexible production techniques for COVID-19 therapeutics and vaccines could be a potent stimulus to biopharming research and development.

QUALIDADE DO CALDO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE ETANOL EM CULTIVARES DE SORGO SACARINO SOB ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
CRISTÓBAL SOTO SOLANO ◽  
NIRALDO JOSÉ PONCIANO ◽  
ROGÉRIO FIGUEIREDO DAHER ◽  
RAFAEL AUGUSTO DA COSTA ◽  
PAULO MARCELO DE SOUZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Total Reducing Sugars ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

 RESUMO - O sorgo sacarino tem potencial de uso como fonte de matéria-prima para a produção de bioetanol. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, analisar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura na qualidade do caldo para produção de etanol de quatro cultivares de sorgo sacarino. O experimento foi conduzido em Campos dos Goytacazes- RJ, de janeiro a maio de 2014. Foram estudadas quatro cultivares de sorgo sacarino: BRS 506, BRS 508, BRS 509 e BRS 511 e cinco de doses de nitrogênio (0, 80, 160, 240 e 320 Kg ha-1), aplicadas aos 25 e 45 dias após semeadura. Os resultados mostraram que valor Brix, açúcares redutores totais, açúcares totais recuperáveis, volume do caldo e rendimento de etanol foram afetados pela adubação nitrogenada. Para todas as características, o valor máximo foi obtido pela dose de 240 kg de N ha-1. Entre as cultivares, a BRS 506 mostrou-se superior em produção de caldo e rendimento de etanol. Enquanto a BRS 511 destacou-se nos atributos ART e ATR, e a cultivar BRS 508 sobressaiu-se no valor Brix. A cultivar BRS 506 apresentou melhor resultado combinado, com maior volume de caldo e rendimento de etanol com as doses de 204 e 212 kg N ha-1, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: biocombustíveis, rendimento de álcool carburante, atributos industriais, caracterização da matéria prima, genótipos. QUALITY OF BROTH FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN CULTIVARS OF SACARINE SORGHUM UNDER NITROGEN FERTILIZATION  ABSTRACT - Sweet sorghum has potential as a source of raw material for the production of bioethanol. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of nitrogen topdressing on the quality of the juice for ethanol production from four cultivars of sorghum. The experiment was conducted in Campos, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from January to May 2014. Four cultivars of sorghum: BRS 506, BRS 508, BRS 509 and BRS 511 were studied, and five nitrogen rates (0, 80, 160, 240 and 320 kg ha-1), applied to 25 and 45 days after sowing. The results showed that the value Brix, total reducing sugars, total recoverable sugars, broth volume and ethanol yield were affected by nitrogen fertilization. For all features, the maximum value was obtained for the dose of 240 kg N ha-1. Among cultivars, BRS 506 was superior in production of broth and ethanol yield. BRS 511 stood out in the attributes ART and ATR, and BRS 508, in value Brix. BRS 506 had better combined result of higher volume of juice and ethanol yield with doses of 204 and 212 kg N ha-1, respectively Keywords: biofuels, fuel ethanol output, industrial attributes, characterization of raw materials, genotypes.   

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