scholarly journals Perencanaan Coverage Jaringan 5G Berdasarkan Propagasi Rugi Rugi Lintasan dan Shadowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Made Niama Dwi Susila ◽  
Linawati Linawati ◽  
Nyoman Gunantara
Keyword(s):  
Path Loss ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Network Services ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Cell Radius ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Shadowing Effect

<p>Permintaan dan kebutuhan terhadap layanan jaringan yang lebih cendrung ke arah layanan data yang cepat dan bergerak, maka mendorong diperlukannya penerapan teknologi 5G. Teknologi 5G belum diimplementasikan di Indonesia. Sehingga pada penelitian ini dilakukan perencanaan jaringan 5G menggunakan sistem 5G dengan frekuensi 869 MHz di Kota Denpasar memanfaatkan menara <em>rooftop</em>. Menara <em>rooftop</em> digunakan untuk menghemat ruang, lahan yang sifatnya terbatas, dan nilai estetika. Untuk itu lokasi menara ditempatkan pada bangunan yang bernama balai banjar. Ketinggian menara menyesuaikan dengan jumlah lantai dari balai banjar. Apabila balai banjar memiliki 1, 2, dan 3 lantai maka ketinggian menara juga menyesuaikan. Ketinggian menara secara berturut-turut adalah 13, 18 dan 22 meter. Pada perencanaan <em>coverage</em> menggunakan model propagasi rugi-rugi lintasan dengan pengaruh <em>shadowing</em>. Model propagasi ini digunakan dengan pertimbangan penggunaan frekuensi yang fleksibel dan kota Denpasar merupakan daerah urban. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemetaan lokasi menara <em>rooftop</em> dan <em>coverage</em> jaringan 5G di Kota Denpasar. Sehingga hasilnya dapat dijadikan pertimbangan dalam perencanaan jaringan 5G yang menggunakan menara <em>rooftop</em>. Perencanaan jaringan 5G dilakukan melalui menghitung jari-jari sel dengan model propagasi rugi-rugi lintasan dengan pengaruh <em>shadowing</em>, menghitung <em>coverage</em>, menghitung jumlah lokasi menara <em>rooftop</em>, dan pemetaan pada <em>google</em> <em>earth</em>. Hasil analisis adalah jari-jari yang dihasilkan adalah 70,4479 m dengan luas <em>coverage</em> 0,0129 km<sup>2</sup>. Jumlah menara <em>rooftop</em> yang diperlukan adalah 366 ditempatkan di balai banjar dan 11.550 ditempatkan di luar balai banjar. Sehingga pemanfaatan lokasi balai banjar sebagai lahan lokasi menara <em>rooftop</em> adalah sebesar 3,07% dan di luar balai banjar sebesar 96,93%.</p><p> </p><p><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p><em>The demand for and the need for network services that are more inclined towards fast and mobile data services, encourages the need for the application of 5G technology. 5G technology has not been implemented in Indonesia. So that in this study, a 5G network planning was carried out using a 5G system with a frequency of 869 MHz in Denpasar City using a rooftop tower. Rooftop towers are used to save space, limited land, and aesthetic value. For this reason, the location of the tower is placed in a building called the balai banjar.</em> <em>The height of the tower adjusts to the number of floors of the balai banjar. If the balai banjar has 1, 2, and 3 floors, the tower height will also adjust. The tower heights are 13, 18 and 22 meters, respectively. In coverage planning using the path loss propagation model with shadowing effect. This propagation model is used considering the use of flexible frequencies and the city of Denpasar is an urban area. The purpose of this study is to determine the mapping of the rooftop tower location and 5G network coverage in Denpasar City. So that the results can be taken into consideration in planning a 5G network that uses a rooftop tower. Planning for the 5G network is done by calculating the cell radius with the path loss propagation model with the shadowing effect, calculating coverage, calculating the number of rooftop tower locations, and mapping on Google Earth. The result of the analysis is that the resulting radius is 70.4479 m with a coverage area of 0.0129 km<sup>2</sup>. The required number of rooftop towers is 366 placed in the balai banjar and 11,550 placed outside the balai banjar. So that the use of the balai banjar location as a rooftop tower location is 3.07% and outside the balai banjar is 96.93%.</em></p><p><em><strong><br /></strong></em></p>

scholarly journals PATH LOSS MODELING FOR URBAN WIRLESS NETWORKS IN BAGHDAD

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (Special) ◽  
pp. 1-7-1-12
Author(s):  
Baseem G. Nsaif ◽  
◽  
Adheed H. Sallomi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Radio Wave ◽  
Cellular Network ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Wireless Channel ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Radio Wave Propagation ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Wave Propagation Model

An accurate propagation modeling of radio waves propagation is very important task in cellular network design as it provides the detailed useful knowledge about the wireless channel environment characteristics. Theoretical or empirical RF propagation models provide the required useful information about the signal path loss and fading to evaluate the received signal level, the coverage area, and the outage probability in specific regions. This paper aimed to develop an empirical radio wave propagation model based on observations and sets of measurement data collected from different sites through drive test. These measurements are used to determine the received signal power at some locations to create an empirical radio wave propagation model that is suitable to be appropriate in cellular network accurate design and link budget prediction at the city of Baghdad.

Optimization of Placement of Electronic Data Capture (EDC) Based on 3G Test Drive in Shopping Center Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Andari Dyah Widowatie
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cash Payment ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Link Budget

The problem that often occurs in malls or supermarkets is the use of EDC as a non-cash payment tool for alternative customers. However, the use of EDC machines sometimes experiences problems, namely when customers enter data so that transactions take longer, so this study aims to analyze the optimization of EDC placement in shopping center buildings. This research method is to measure the parameters, namely the RSCP and the closest antenna coverage from the EDC. In this study, three samples were taken, namely Cassa 1, 2 and 3 at Matahari Department Store Malang Town Square. The results of this study were obtained that the Drive Test in the Matahari room showed that Cassa-1, Cassa-2 and Cassa-3 received RSCP with green color which means good. Two of the three tools, namely Drive Test and Mobile can display RSCP with a value that is not too much difference. Especially for EDC is only able to visually display the RSCP and the results of previous calculations, the value of ten antennas which is in the Matahari room has a coverage area below 10 m. And the UG-12 antenna, which is the closest antenna to Cassa-3,  that is outside the antenna coverage, while the UG-08 antenna can still reach the Cassa-3 area. This shows that the placement of EDC has met the requirements to get adequate signal quality and the position of the Cassa table can be moved according to the antenna coverage calculation on the Link budget and Path Loss calculations

scholarly journals Design of Wireless Communication System to Cover Specific Area by Using HAPS

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Kanar R. Tariq ◽  
Mohammed B. Majed ◽  
Zaid A. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Communication System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
The City ◽  
Mitigation Technique

This paper is meeting the principles of how to design coverage area for Sulaymaniyah city, using a new technology, which named HAPS. It started with small introduction for HAPS with its advantages, compare it with terrestrial and satellite systems, and specify requirements for design. Such as, specify the center of coverage area to find the coordinates. Then, supposed the coverage area for the city, elevation angle, and the location of earth stations which will connect HAPS with other networks and reduce the Interference with Fixed Services (FS) and Fixed Satellite Services (FSS).Mitigation technique of interference is given. Also, path loss and fading loss has been applied to meet the geographic of Sulaymaniyah city.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PROPAGASI PADA KAWASAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA PENFUI KUPANG

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Lay ◽  
Kalvein Rantelobo ◽  
Beby H. A. Manafe
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Acceptance Test ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
The University

In a telecommunications system, a radio propagation model is needed to do a design, construction, and development of mobile communication systems. Propagation models commonly used are the Okumura-Hatta model and the COST model 231. These models are used to determine an accurate propagation model in a particular area. This study aims to obtain a propagation model on the environmental conditions of dry-land such as the University of Nusa Cendana areas by using Okumura-Hata path loss modeling and COST-231. In this study, the acceptance test drive was carried out at frequencies of 900 Mhz, 1800 Mhz and 1900 MHz using the G-NetTrack application on Telkomsel BTS in the University of Nusa Cendana area with Latitude coordinates -10.156738 and Longitude 123.668422 as well as observing frequencies using Spectrum Analyzer to be used as primary data. The next step is to calculate the received power data as secondary data using the Okumura-Hata path loss calculation and COST-231. Based on primary and secondary data an analysis of which propagation model matches the measurements in the field is carried out. From the propagation analysis, it can be concluded that the propagation model that suits the conditions on the campus area is the Okumura-Hatta model.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENTSBASEDEVALUATION OF PATHLOSSEXPONENTS IN URBAN OUTDOORENVIRONMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Akohoule Alex ◽  
◽  
Bamba Aliou ◽  
Kamagate Aladji ◽  
Konate Adama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Wireless Channel ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
The Impact

In wireless networks, propagation models are used to assess the received power signal and estimate the propagation channel. These models depend on the pathloss exponent (PLE) which is one of the main parameters to characterize the propagation environment. Indeed, in the wireless channel, the path loss exponent has a strong impact on the quality of the links and must therefore be estimated with precision for an efficient design and operation of the wireless network. This paper addresses the issue of path loss exponents estimation for mobile networks in four outdoor environments. This study is based on measurements carried out in four outdoor environments at the frequency of 2600 MHz within a bandwidth of 70 MHz. It evaluates the path loss exponent, and the impact of obstacles present in the environments. The parameters of the propagation model determined from the measurements show that the average power of the received signal decreases logarithmically with the distance. We obtained path loss exponents values of 4.8, 3.53, 3.6 and 3.99 for the site 1, site 2, site 3 and site 4, respectively. Clearly the density of the obstacles has an impact on the path loss exponents and our study shows that the received signal decrease faster as the transmitter and receiver separation in the dense environments.

scholarly journals Path Loss Prediction Based on Machine Learning Techniques: Principal Component Analysis, Artificial Neural Network, and Gaussian Process

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Shin Jo ◽  
Chanshin Park ◽  
Eunhyoung Lee ◽  
Haing Kun Choi ◽  
Jaedon Park
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Gaussian Process ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Shadowing Effect ◽  
Artificial Neural

Although various linear log-distance path loss models have been developed for wireless sensor networks, advanced models are required to more accurately and flexibly represent the path loss for complex environments. This paper proposes a machine learning framework for modeling path loss using a combination of three key techniques: artificial neural network (ANN)-based multi-dimensional regression, Gaussian process-based variance analysis, and principle component analysis (PCA)-aided feature selection. In general, the measured path loss dataset comprises multiple features such as distance, antenna height, etc. First, PCA is adopted to reduce the number of features of the dataset and simplify the learning model accordingly. ANN then learns the path loss structure from the dataset with reduced dimension, and Gaussian process learns the shadowing effect. Path loss data measured in a suburban area in Korea are employed. We observe that the proposed combined path loss and shadowing model is more accurate and flexible compared to the conventional linear path loss plus log-normal shadowing model.

scholarly journals Factorial Design Analysis for Localization Algorithms

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2654
Author(s):  
Joaquin Mass-Sanchez ◽  
Erica Ruiz-Ibarra ◽  
Ana Gonzalez-Sanchez ◽  
Adolfo Espinoza-Ruiz ◽  
Joaquin Cortez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Path Loss Exponent ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
The Impact

Localization is a fundamental problem in Wireless Sensor Networks, as it provides useful information regarding the detection of an event. There are different localization algorithms applied in single-hop or multi-hop networks; in both cases their performance depends on several factors involved in the evaluation scenario such as node density, the number of reference nodes and the log-normal shadowing propagation model, determined by the path-loss exponent (η) and the noise level (σdB) which impact on the accuracy and precision performance metrics of localization techniques. In this paper, we present a statistical analysis based on the 2k factorial methodology to determine the key factors affecting the performance metrics of localization techniques in a single-hop network to concentrate on such parameters, thus reducing the amount of simulation time required. For this proposal, MATLAB simulations are carried out in different scenarios, i.e., extreme values are used for each of the factors of interest and the impact of the interaction among them in the performance metrics is observed. The simulation results show that the path-loss exponent (η) and noise level (σdB) factors have the greatest impact on the accuracy and precision metrics evaluated in this study. Based on this statistical analysis, we recommend estimating the propagation model as close to reality as possible to consider it in the design of new localization techniques and thus improve their accuracy and precision metrics.

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