scholarly journals Pulse diagnosis in the Tibetan medical tradition: the experience of objectification of basic principles of pulse diagnosis using a pulse diagnostic device

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Natalia Valentinovna Pupysheva ◽  
Vitalii Vasil'evich Boronoev
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Pulse Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Device ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
Pulse Waves ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Limited Basis

This article describes the experience of objectification of basic characteristics of pulse waves in pulse diagnosis based on Tibetan medical tradition. A competent therapist – expert in Tibetan pulse diagnosis can assess functionality of the body (twelve internal organs and three psychophysiological systems) by feeling the pulse in six points of palpation located on the radial arteries of both wrists of the patient. The goal of this research consists in “teaching” pulse diagnostic device to recognize the diagnostically relevant characteristics of pulse waves. The article represents an attempt of objectification of the fundamentals of pulse diagnosis. Although pulse diagnosis has always been a subjective art of the talented therapist, its basic knowledge can become part of objective science as it is based on the real physical phenomena. The author describes the method of measuring pulse rate using a pulse diagnostic device in the conditions that create certain predictable responses of the body to an exogenous irritant, which in this case contributes to calming the rlung (wind) system. The experiment involved a group of volunteers. The conclusion is made that similar experiments provide material for the analysis of pulse waves acquired under specifically arranged conditions, which promotes the development of software fort the pulse diagnostic device, and proves that the objectification of fundamentals of pulse diagnosis in the Tibetan medicine is possible, although on a limited basis. The novelty is defined by the fact that the research based on the material of Tibetan medical tradition have not been previously conducted. The work consists of the three parts: first part is an extensive introduction that provides records on Buddhist medicine and pulse diagnosis, which help to understand the essence of the experiments; second part is dedicated to the experimental measurements of pulse rate using pulse diagnostic device; and third part represents the conclusions drawn from the conducted experiments.

scholarly journals Effects of Five Daily Activities on Harmonic Analysis of the Radial Pulse

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Pan-Jen Chen ◽  
Han-Kuei Wu ◽  
Po-Chi Hsu ◽  
Lun-Chien Lo ◽  
Hen-Hong Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Pulse Signal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Radial Pulse ◽  
Pulse Diagnosis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pulse Waves ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fast Fourier Analysis

All daily physiological activities have some effects on the body, and traditional Chinese medicine believes that pulse diagnosis can reflect the circulation of qi and blood throughout the body. This study aimed to explore the effects of five physiological activities, namely, sleep, exercise, ingestion, defecation, and shower, on pulse waves of the radial artery. Thirty test subjects were recruited for the study, and a wearable pulse signal measurement device was used for self-measurement of radial artery pulses before and after various physiological activities. All collected data were subjected to fast Fourier analysis, which transformed each wave from its time domain to frequency domain of 10 harmonics to describe the changes in pulse waves. The results were as follows: exercise and sleep had larger but opposite effects on the pulse waves; defecation and sleep relaxed the body and had the same trend of effect on the pulse waves. Both exercise and ingestion require energy to proceed, and both exert a burden on the body, and the pulse waves showed the same trend of changes. In contrast, shower had a little effect on the pulse waves. Preliminary observation in this study showed that relaxation of the body could increase high-level harmonics, whereas stress could increase low-level harmonics. Further studies are warranted to unravel the physiological significance of this finding.

Vulnerable Parts

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 86-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina A. Sabernig
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Classical Text ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Medical Tradition

Abstract In Tibetan medicine, ‘vulnerable parts’ (gnyan pa gnad) are bodily structures which should not be damaged. Most of these anatomical locations are important in terms of surgical care and the management of wounds. They are described in the primary classical text of the Tibetan medical tradition, the Four Treatises (Rgyud bzhi), and in far more detail in its respective commentaries. A list of these more than three hundred delicate spots is included in at least two sixteenth-century commentaries, but its origin remains unclear. With the help of the medical ‘scroll paintings’ (thang ka) accompanying the seventeenth-century Blue Beryl (Vaiḍūrya sngon po) commentary to the Four Treatises, we can identify the locations of many of these vulnerable anatomical structures. However, it is uncertain if these identifications have remained consistent over time. With increasing integration of Tibetan medical practices into the Chinese health care system, it became necessary to find and define new terms. A veritable revolution in Tibetan medical terminology has taken place over the past several decades. Through a careful examination of these ‘vulnerable parts’ of the body, including an exploration of three examples, this article examines the shift of anatomical designations and the coining of new terms for anatomical details in classical and modern publications. Correctly identifying the vulnerable parts matters a great deal, especially with regard to patient safety.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Haemodynamic Effects of Crystalloid Solutions Administered During Perioperative Period

2009 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Debasish Banik ◽  
Qumrul Huda ◽  
Abdul Hye ◽  
KM Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Forty five (45) ASA grade I & II patients aged between 21 to 55 years, scheduled for electiv abdominal surgery (incision not exceeding 15 cm with minimal blood loss, under general anaesthesia were randomly allocated into three groups (A, and C). Patients of Group A, B and C received infusion of 5% dextrose aqua, normal saline and 5% dextrose in normal saline respectively throughout perioperative course (upto 24 hours after operation). Each group received post operative period. Parameters recorded were mean arterial pressure (MAP), Pulse, Serum elecirolyte (Na+, K+), amount of fluid in fused and urine output during operation and postoperatively Blood samples for serum electrolyte estimation were taken just before induction, immediately before reversal and twenty four hours after surgery. A standard anaesthetic technique was followed for all groups.Percentage increase from pre-operative values were calculated for mean arterial pressure, pulse rate and serum electrolytes. The ratio between urine output and fluid infused during per- and post-operative period were calculated. There were statistically significant (p<0.05) difference between group A and C in perand post-operative change in pulse rate and statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in postoperative output/input ratio between group A and B and highly significant (p<0.01) between A and C. Electrolyte containing fluids of higher osmolality caused increased diuresis in per-operative period and increased pulse rate in post-operative period. So, although there are few difference between three fluids, these didnot produce any effects( beneficial or detrimental) on the body system under normal conditions. Journal of BSA, Vol. 19, No. 1 & 2, 2006 p.33-37

scholarly journals Agri-Food Markets towards Sustainable Patterns

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Borsellino ◽  
Emanuele Schimmenti ◽  
Hamid El Bilali
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Evolutionary Paths ◽  
Agriculture And Food

In recent decades, the confluence of different global and domestic drivers has led to progressive and unpredictable changes in the functioning and structure of agri-food markets worldwide. Given the unsustainability of the current agri-food production, processing, distribution and consumption patterns, and the inadequate governance of the whole food system, the transition to sustainable agriculture and food systems has become crucial to effectively manage a global agri-food market able in supporting expected population growth and ensuring universal access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food for all. Based on a critical review of the existing international literature, the paper seeks to understand the evolutionary paths of sustainability issues within agri-food markets by analyzing their drivers and trends. An extensive analysis was conducted highlighting the development and importance of the body of knowledge on the most important sustainability transition frameworks, focusing mainly on the relationship between markets, trade, food and nutrition security, and other emerging issues within agri-food markets. Finally, the study makes suggestions to extend the research in order to improve basic knowledge and to identify opportunities to design meaningful actions that can shape agri-food markets and foster their transition to sustainability.

scholarly journals Ethics of placebo use in randomised studies: primer for physiotherapists

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Amusat
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Active Comparator ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Effectiveness Studies

Evidence based practice is driving the need to establish effectiveness of interventions employed by health professionals. The need to show effectiveness for interventions employed by physiotherapists has not been greater. This has led to an increase in the body of evidence available on physiotherapeutic methods. The quality of the evidence, however, has made it difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the effect of some of these interventions. There is therefore a call for improved methodologies in physiotherapy effectiveness studies. These needs may prompt even greater use of randomized trials with or without a placebo arm, which are regarded as the best way to show effectiveness. The use of placebo rather than an active  comparator has advantages in showing absolute effectiveness of interventions. However, there may be ethical concerns posed by its use in clinical trials. The balance is therefore required between good ethics and sound science. The goal of this article is to provide physiotherapists with a basic knowledge of the ethics of placebo use in randomized studies. This should prepare researchers to better balance ethical needs with scientific imperatives when designing effectiveness studies.

A New Approach to Kinematics Modelling of Snake-Robot Concertina Locomotion

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 2786-2793
Author(s):  
Alireza Akbarzadeh ◽  
Jalil Safehian ◽  
Javad Safehian
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Function Parameter ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Body ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Snake Robot ◽  
Modelling Method ◽  
Dynamic Function ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
First Time

In this paper, for the first time, kinematics modelling of snake robot travelling with concertina locomotion is presented. Next a novel kinematics modelling method is presented which has an advantage of allowing natural snake like locomotion. During concertina motion, certain parts of the body contract, expand or do not change their shape. This results into having different body curves for different parts of a snake. To simulate this, first we introduce a mathematical equation, called dynamic function, in which by varying a certain function parameter, body curve during motion is realized. To obtain concertina gait, the snake body is divided into three different modules, head module, tail module and main body module that connects the head to the tail module. Each module forms a specific curve which can be modelled using the proposed dynamic function. At each moment during snake locomotion, the kinematics of different links can be derived by fitting links to the body curve. Finally concertina locomotion is simulated using Webots software. Results indicate concertina locomotion can be obtained. Furthermore, the proposed dynamic function requires relatively lower computation requirement. Therefore, adaption of body curve to other real snake like gaits as well as mixed type locomotion is made possible. This works represents a first approach to a simulation of a snake-like mechanism in order to get basic characteristics of such locomotion and to enable our future research.

Critically Endangered? Medicinal Plant Cultivation and the Reconfiguration of Sowa Rigpa in Ladakh

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calum Blaikie
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
Sowa Rigpa

Despite the increasing attention being paid to Himalayan medicinal plants in various realms over recent years, the effects of resource depletion, and of attempts to control it, on the medical traditions that depend directly upon these plants remain largely in shadow. This article seeks to illuminate this lacuna by examining the relationships developing between medicinal plant conservation and Sowa Rigpa (Tibetan medicine) in Ladakh, Himalayan India. I discuss four cultivation projects, their contributions to emergent patterns of medicine production and their positioning within the wider transformations shaping this medical tradition. I show that while some plant species have indeed become increasingly threatened in Ladakh, it is small-scale medicine production, and a particular form of Sowa Rigpa associated with it, that have become ‘critically endangered’, particularly in light of an elite-driven quest to secure central government recognition for the system. Medicinal plants are being cast in a variety of roles on this stage, expressing social, commercial and medical interests that converge and conflict with one another in different fields. I argue that while the projects in question largely feed into contemporary trends towards medical modernisation and the increasing concentration of pharmaceutical production, they also play a counterbalancing role by supporting small-scale production and practice. This multiplicity reflects the ambivalence being experienced by practitioners in a period of considerable flux, as well as calling into question the utility of linear models of medical change and binary conceptualisations of ‘tradition’ and ‘modernity’.

scholarly journals Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development, Niches, and Signaling Pathways

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamonnaree Chotinantakul ◽  
Wilairat Leeanansaksiri
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Quiescent State ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Medicine Development ◽  
Biology Research

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play a key role in hematopoietic system that functions mainly in homeostasis and immune response. HSCs transplantation has been applied for the treatment of several diseases. However, HSCs persist in the small quantity within the body, mostly in the quiescent state. Understanding the basic knowledge of HSCs is useful for stem cell biology research and therapeutic medicine development. Thus, this paper emphasizes on HSC origin, source, development, the niche, and signaling pathways which support HSC maintenance and balance between self-renewal and proliferation which will be useful for the advancement of HSC expansion and transplantation in the future.

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