scholarly journals LEAN SYSTEM AS THE BASIS OF BUSINESS EXCELLENCE AND COMPETITIVENESS OF LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Nebojša Brkljač ◽  
Ivan Beker ◽  
Milan Delić ◽  
Bato Kamberović ◽  
Srđan Vulanović
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Open Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Organizations ◽  
Local Organizations ◽  
Lean Practices ◽  
Business Excellence ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference

This study is aimed to assess the organisational competitiveness, and readiness of our economy to compete in the open market, after accession to European Union. The concept of organisational competitiveness and business excellence is discussed and viewed through the implementation of LEAN practices. To assess the maturity of LEAN, over 200 organisations from various industries were included into the survey design. The questionnaire was used as a research instrument. In order to avoid the negative effect of a superior competition, it is necessary to help our organizations to reduce the difference between them and their main competitors in the European Union. The first step in a situation like this, has always been establishing the points of greatest differences and vulnerabilities of our economic organizations. The study shows the lack of awareness about some LEAN drivers. Such shortcomings might negatively impact the competitiveness of our economy, due to the fact that many of EU companies are heavily oriented towards the implementation of key LEAN concepts

Turkey and Europe: The Role of Migration

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Pieter Emmer
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Turkish Immigrants ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Eu

In spite of the fact that negotiations have been going on for years, the chances that Turkey will eventually become a full member of the European Union are slim. At present, a political majority among the EU-member states headed by Germany seems to oppose Turkey entering the EU. In the Netherlands, however, most political parties are still in favour of Turkey's membership. That difference coincides with the difference in the position of Turkish immigrants in German and Dutch societies.

VALUE ADDED TAX IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
Nigar Yadulla Shahgaldiyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Manufactured Goods ◽  
The Difference

Value-added tax is an indirect tax based on the sale value of goods, production and non-manufactured goods as an object of taxation. According to the mechanism and procedures for the calculation and payment of value added tax, this tax is not directly imposed by a particular person, but applies to consumers in the process of return. In this case, the value added tax is neutral for securities. In addition, value added tax is universal and is characterized by the difference between purchases at each stage of production and turnover. In connection with the calculation of value added tax, the taxpayer's tax liability to the budget consists of the difference between the amount of tax assessed on taxable turnover and the amount of tax to be deducted in accordance with the documents. Key words: European Union, value Added Tax, tax, tax system

14. Interest Groups and the European Union

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
Rainer Eising
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Group System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group Structures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the role of interest groups in European Union (EU) politics. It also considers the way in which the EU institutions influence interest group structures and activities. The chapter begins with an overview of the relationship between the EU institutions and interest groups and examines the steps taken thus far to regulate that relationship. It then looks at the evolution and the structure of the interest group system, focusing in particular on two salient aspects: the difference between national and EU organizations; and the difference between specific and diffuse interests.

Conclusion: The Comparative Politics of Reform and Lessons for Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry E. Hale ◽  
Robert Orttung
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Formal Institutions ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Informal Practices ◽  
The Difference

The concluding chapter by Henry Hale and Robert Orttung identifies several common threads running through the chapters in the volume. Among these are the importance of taking into account that formal institutions will not work the same way they do in Western countries thanks to local informal practices, the difference between deeply embedded obstacles to reform and those that are more contingent, the need to focus on long-term solutions, how realistic various reform proposals are in light of the incentives of political actors who have the power to enact them, and the notion that many of the reforms discussed in the volume can reinforce each other. Ultimately, perhaps the single most important driver for change in Ukraine is the European Union.

scholarly journals Measuring Entrepreneurial Orientation of University Employees in Developing Countries Using the ENTRE-U Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Tatarski ◽  
Sandra Brkanlić ◽  
Javier Sanchez Garcia ◽  
Edgar Breso Esteve ◽  
Ivana Brkić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
University Employees ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

This research examines the difference in the level of entrepreneurial orientation among university employees within the European Union compared to university employees in non-EU countries. The EU Member States included in the research are the Republic of Slovenia and the Republic of Croatia, and the non-EU countries include the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Montenegro, the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Republic of Northern Macedonia. In the sample of 1474 respondents, the ENTRE-U scale was used to measure the entrepreneurial orientation of universities, and multivariate analysis of MANOVA variance was used for data processing. The ENTRE-U scale has proven applicable not only to developed countries but also developing countries. Moreover, it proved that being a member of the European Union in this part of Eastern Europe does not significantly affect the entrepreneurial orientation of universities.

scholarly journals THE MOLDOVAN BANK FRAUD (2012-2015). A process tracing analysis of the Moldovan $1 billion money laundering

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-107
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Banking System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Eu

In the 2012-2015 period, $1 billion have been stolen from three Moldovan banks, which is the equivalent of 12% of the country’s GDP. The highly fraudulent environment in the RM allowed for the successful application of fraudulent schemes for three years, without it being seized and frozen. This paper seeks to decipher the schemes that were applied as well as argue how the integration into the European Union would have lowered the corruption and thereby prevent the fraud from happening. Even though several scholars discussed the bank fraud and how it affected the relationship between Moldova and the EU, they do not address how the steps of integration into the European Union could gradually regulate the level of corruption in the RM and subsequently eliminate the possible methods of committing the bank fraud. Through a comparative analysis of Romania and the Republic of Moldova, I aim to demonstrate that the difference between the level of corruption and the stability of the banking system in these two countries is due to EU membership. Further, through secondary analysis of qualitative data, and semi-constructed interviews, I conclude that, in theory, my argument holds – the instruments the EU applies on the candidate countries would not have allowed the fraudulent schemes to be put into action. However, the EU failed to apply the conditionality concept on Romania and thus, it is possible that the money laundering in the RM could have happened even if it had been a member of the EU.

scholarly journals Features of EU Involvement in the Negotiation Process on the Transnistrian Settlement (1994–2005)

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Nina Shevchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Conflict ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The West ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Economic Tools ◽  
Official Status ◽  
The Eu

The theme of the article is the EU participation in the transnistrian settlement with an emphasis on its observer status in the 5+2 format. It covers the period from the beginning of the negotiation process in 1994 until the EU gained observer status in 2005. Based on historical material, the author shows how the EU was gradually involved in the Transnistrian settlement process and how European mediation evolved, using political and economic tools more actively than the methods of traditional diplomacy. The author identified factors that affect the EU's interaction with the parties to the conflict and including – Russia. At the same time, the author focused on the tools used by the European Union in the conflict region even before its official involvement in the negotiations, including the introduction of sanctions against the leadership of Transnistria. The article also explores the essence of the institution of observer on the example of the EU participation in the negotiations in the "5+2" format. It is shown that the external participants in the negotiations on the Transnistrian settlement are equal, despite the difference in their official status. The Europeanization of the Transnistrian settlement failed to energies the negotiation process and increase its productivity, but it allowed the European Union to test new mediation tools, optimize approaches to the settlement of a modern international conflict, and strengthen its position in the conflict region, which remains a zone of geopolitical competition between Russia and the West.

scholarly journals REGIONAL TRAE BLOCS : A CASE STUDY OF THE WELFARE IMPACT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ON INDIA AND KENYA

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Open Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Welfare Impact ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Trading Blocs

Some countries, including the big player in the world economy, the USA , believe that free trade liberalization based on principles of non discriminatory and multilateral bases as well as an open market will improve the welfare of many countries. However, other countries do not follow the idea of trade liberalization and hence respond by forming regional trading blocs. Therefore, the existence of such trading blocs will be examined, whether they are a 'building blocks' or a 'stumbling blocks, for sustaining the free trade liberalization. And hence, this paper focuses on three main parts: rationalization of the establishment of trading blocs; identification of the critical factors for the success of these blocs; and presentation of empirical evidence for the welfare implications of the trade diverting effects of the European Union through the analysis of two less developed countries, India and Kenya.

scholarly journals Unification Proposal on Market Access for Freight Forwarding in the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Miloš Poliak ◽  
Patrícia Šimurková ◽  
Marek Jaśkiewicz ◽  
Salvador Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Open Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Freight Forwarder ◽  
Freight Forwarding ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The paper deals with the issue of different market access for the transport procurement in the EU in context of open market of providing forwarding services. It highlights different requirements of market access in freight forwarding. The article proposes conditions of market access unification in freight forwarding based on analysis of the existing situation. It also refers to the different responsibility of freight forwarder depending on membership in the national associations of freight forwarders. The contribution analyses the limitation of liability in freight forwarding and shows differences in contract of freight forwarding for particular shipments by model examples. There is also pointed to the need for the development of uniform freight forwarding conditions in the EU.

scholarly journals Efficiency changes in bottom trawling for flatfish species as a result of the replacement of mechanical stimulation by electric stimulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Jaap Poos ◽  
Niels T Hintzen ◽  
Jacco C van Rijssel ◽  
Adriaan D Rijnsdorp
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Electric Stimulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Bottom Trawling ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Main Target ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Catch Rates ◽  
Large Vessels

Abstract Although fishing with electricity is illegal in the European Union, a number of temporary licences allowed converting beam trawlers to pulse trawling. To analyse how the adaption of pulse trawling changed this fishery, we studied fishing speeds and landings per unit effort as proxies for catch efficiencies for the main target species. Compared to conventional tickler chain beam trawls, pulse trawls were towed at lower speeds (small vessels −10%, large vessels −23%). Large vessels that switched from conventional beam trawls to pulse trawls at the end of 2009 gradually increased catch efficiency for sole over the period of almost 1 year. While pulse trawling was found to have higher catch rates (kg/h) for sole (small vessels +74%, large vessels +17%), lower catch rates were observed for plaice (small vessels −31%, large vessels −32%). Vessels that switched later achieved immediate gains in catch efficiency for sole. The change in catch efficiency is likely due to the difference in cramp response between the species.

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