scholarly journals Una aproximación a la bioética de la diversidad funcional desde el deseo

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Antonio Centeno Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Symbolic Representation ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
The Way

This work exposes some of the issues that directly affect the way of understanding and approaching the reality of people whose global functioning differs from the standards generally accepted as “normal.” In the first part, the issues that affect the use of language and its influence on the cultural and symbolic representation of disability are reviewed; The following are the considerations on personal and sexual assistance as the basis of an effectively independent life. Third, two classic bioethical questions are debated, abortion and euthanasia, their relationship with the politics of tolerance and their implications in the lives of people with functional diversity. Finally, alternatives are explored, to move from the politics of tolerance to the “politics of desire.

Trustee decision-making: the substratum fallacy and the exercise of discretionary powers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Machell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Wealth Management ◽  
Company Limited ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
Trust Company ◽  
Court Of Appeal ◽  
Discretionary Powers ◽  
The Way

Abstract The Court of Appeal for Bermuda (Clarke P, Smellie JA and Subair Williams JA) recently handed down judgment in Grand View Private Trust Company Limited v Wong 20 April 2020, overturning the decision by Kawaley AJ at first instance and rejecting his use of the so-called substratum principle to limit the scope of widely drawn powers. The trust and wealth management industry should breath a collective sigh of relief. The industry is able to sell modern discretionary trusts to wealthy clients precisely because of their flexibility and the extent of the powers they contain, particularly discretionary powers of amendment, powers to add and remove beneficiaries and powers to distribute and resettle assets. The decision at first instance threatened to undermine that flexibility and to hamper the way in which trustees operate trusts of this kind. It is suggested that the Court of Appeal was right to reject the argument based on the supposed substratum rule. The argument gives inappropriate and independent life to what (if it is useful at all in this context) should only be a conclusionary metaphor; the argument involves what philosophers might describe as “unjustified reification”, or what the rest of us may think of as the tail wagging the dog. Use of the substratum metaphor risks distraction from the true task, that is, the proper construction of the words used in the relevant instrument in the light of the admissible factual matrix. The purpose of this article is to examine the Court of Appeal’s decision in Grand View, and tentatively to offer some thoughts on the analytical framework within which the validity of the exercise of powers is assessed.

scholarly journals Prawa i godność człowieka we współczesnej bioetyce

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-212
Author(s):  
Wojciech Bołoz
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Ethical Code ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Application Of Law ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
The Way

In contemporary bioethics dominate two trends dealing with two basic ethical solutions. First of them is utilitarianism concerning utility as a criterion of judging between what is right and what is wrong. The second trend applies to human rights and human dignity, which are to be obeyed without any exceptions. Utilitarianism protects the strong and prosperous people in society and excludes those who are weak and not capable of independent life. The concept of human dignity protects each and every human being including the weakest ones. It is therefore characterized by real humanitarianism. In addition, it has one more outstanding virtue; in the contemporary world, it is the most widespread and understandable ethical code. It enables people of different civilizations to communicate with understandable ethical language. In the world constantly undergoing global processes, it is a great value. Although there are a number of discussions concerning the way of understanding human dignity and human rights, their universal and ethical meaning; there are certain international acts of law concerning biomedicine that support the concept of human dignity as the most adequate concept for the contemporary bioethics. As an example, the European Convention on Bioethics can be taken. The article includes the most significant topics concerning understanding, history, and application of law and human dignity in bioethics.

scholarly journals Should we say "functional diversity" to refer to "disability"?

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
Macario Alemany
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Political Correctness ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
The State ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Marginalised Groups ◽  
Legislative Reforms ◽  
Correct Expression ◽  
The Way

This article addresses "political correctness" (PC) regarding the rights of people with disabilities and specifically the state of the question in Spain. First, we focus on the expression itself and clarify what is understood by PC. This implies reviewing, albeit briefly, the main conceptual and ideological framework PC is grounded in. Second, we describe the new conceptualisation of disability given by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, tasked with ensuring compliance with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. In Spain, this Convention is about to give rise to substantial legislative reforms in civil and procedural matters, leading to a turnaround in the way the matter has been traditionally treated. Thirdly, we expose a critique of the demands to turn "functional diversity" into the sole politically correct expression to refer to the condition of people with disabilities. To finish, I come back to the question of PC and present my position on the effects of this doctrine on the prevention of discrimination against marginalised groups.

scholarly journals Em defesa do livro – intelectuais e imprensa nos anos 90

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Travancas
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Symbolic Representation ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Press ◽  
Literary Societies ◽  
The Way

Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir as representações simbólicas do livro e da literatura na França e no Brasil nos anos 90, a partir de duas perspectivas distintas. A primeira delas se baseia na leitura dos suplementos literários de dois jornais franceses e de dois brasileiros – Le Monde, Libération, Jornal do Brasil e Folha de S. Paulo. A outra tem como fonte o discurso de trinta e seis entrevistados do mundo intelectual francês e brasileiro, no qual discutem como se constróem estas representações em duas sociedade modernas complexas e letradas tão distintas culturalmente. Também faz parte desta análise uma breve discussão sobre o campo intelectual nos dois países, sua articulação com a imprensa e, mais especificamente, com os suplementos literários. Concluindo, é possível afirmar que o grupo entrevistado e os cadernos analisados fazem uma ‘defesa do livro’ e enfatizam a escrita e a literatura como um valor, de maneira muito intensa e semelhantes nos dois países. Abstract The present work intends to discuss the symbolic representation of the book and of literature both in France and in Brazil during the 90’s from two distinct perspectives. The first one is based on the reading of literary supplements from two major newspapers from each country. The second one is based on interviews with 36 intellectuals, both French and Brazilian, in which they discuss the way this representation is built in two complex modern literary societies with so many cultural differences. We also discuss briefly the intellectual field in both countries, articulating it with the press, more specifically with literary supplements. Finally it is possible to say that the group we interviewed and the supplements we analyzed in both countries are a “defense of the book” and emphasize - in a similarly strong fashion - writing and literature as a value.

scholarly journals Alberto Chimal’s “El señor Perdurabo”: a Poetics of the Persistence

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia L. Gutiérrez Piña
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Representation ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Creative Imagination ◽  
Autobiographical Writing ◽  
The Way

Mexican writer Alberto Chimal finds in creative imagination a possibility of restitution of man with his voice and his world, in the context of a generational spirit of disenchantment. This restitution, however, is not given in the way of a happy communion, but a struggle, a gesture of persistence and resistance. If this is the gesture that holds the literary exercise of Alberto Chimal, “Mr. Perdurabo” (2011) is the text where these premises find a space of symbolic representation, under the code of autobiographical writing.

scholarly journals Documentar la sexualidad y la diversidad funcional. El sexo y los cuerpos diversos y no normativos como armas de empoderamiento y reivindicación política en Yes we fuck!, Jo també vull sexe! y Crip Camp

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
Hernando Carlos Gómez Prada ◽  
◽  
Marcos Bote Díaz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Social ◽  
Collective Empowerment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

The documentary genre is a subjective and vindictive cinema that has been used for activist practices since its creation, broadening viewpoints, breaking taboos and showing different, rich and plural realities. The documentaries Yes we fuck!, Jo també vull sexe! and Crip Camp have in common the visibility of the political potential of bodies in rebellion. In this article, we will present a state of the art on the relationship between sexuality and functional diversity. We will then carry out an audiovisual analysis, with a qualitative and interdisciplinary approach, of the selected documentaries, placing special emphasis on the social transgressions that mean openly showing sexualities and diverse bodies. Among the main results, it is worth highlighting the way in which the documentary genre increases the degree of personal and collective empowerment and ends up becoming a weapon of political vindication.

Unpacking the Black Box of Interaction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher F. Karpowitz ◽  
Tali Mendelberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Symbolic Representation ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Women's Speech ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
Gendered Roles ◽  
The Way

This chapter analyzes one more way that a person can instantiate power through speech—interruptions of other speakers and the responses to those interruptions. The way in which participants interact while speaking may enhance or undermine women's status in deliberation. Gendered roles and expectations construct women's speech as less authoritative to begin with. The chapter presents the nature of interaction between speakers to illuminate how gender affects women's relative authority—that is, their symbolic representation in discussion. However, women's authority may derive not only from power but also from warmth. Speech is not only a means to power, it can also establish social connection and solidarity. Social interaction is a crucial means for creating a sense of warmth and personal acceptance.

Self-sacrifice for in-group's history: A diachronic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Babińska ◽  
Michal Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Reciprocal Process ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe problem of extended fusion and identification can be approached from a diachronic perspective. Based on our own research, as well as findings from the fields of social, political, and clinical psychology, we argue that the way contemporary emotional events shape local fusion is similar to the way in which historical experiences shape extended fusion. We propose a reciprocal process in which historical events shape contemporary identities, whereas contemporary identities shape interpretations of past traumas.

What is the purpose of cognition?

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aba Szollosi ◽  
Ben R. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Infinite Number ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
The Way

Abstract The purpose of human cognition depends on the problem people try to solve. Defining the purpose is difficult, because people seem capable of representing problems in an infinite number of ways. The way in which the function of cognition develops needs to be central to our theories.

Peculiarity Parameters

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 233-254
Author(s):  
H. M. Maitzen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Rotator Model ◽  
Peculiar Behaviour ◽  
Field Spectrum ◽  
Oblique Rotator ◽  
Ap Stars ◽  
The Way

Ap stars are peculiar in many aspects. During this century astronomers have been trying to collect data about these and have found a confusing variety of peculiar behaviour even from star to star that Struve stated in 1942 that at least we know that these phenomena are not supernatural. A real push to start deeper theoretical work on Ap stars was given by an additional observational evidence, namely the discovery of magnetic fields on these stars by Babcock (1947). This originated the concept that magnetic fields are the cause for spectroscopic and photometric peculiarities. Great leaps for the astronomical mankind were the Oblique Rotator model by Stibbs (1950) and Deutsch (1954), which by the way provided mathematical tools for the later handling pulsar geometries, anti the discovery of phase coincidence of the extrema of magnetic field, spectrum and photometric variations (e.g. Jarzebowski, 1960).

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