scholarly journals Adaptive reaction of perspective spring rapeseed cultivars in conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
D.V. Starikova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Gorlova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Rapeseed Cultivar ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Adaptive Reaction

We studied 18 perspective and already registered spring rapeseed cultivars of VNIIMK breeding. Impact of weather conditions in a period flowering – maturing on economically valuable traits was revealed. The cultivars were compared by calculated statistic parameters of adaptivity, environmental plasticity, stability in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region. The perspective linear cultivars which demonstrated the most stably yield in the different years were selected. The researches were conducted in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar, Russia, in 2017– 2020. The most favorable weather conditions for cultivation of spring rapeseed appeared to be in 2017. Index of environmental condition (Ij) was 1.01. On average for rapeseed cultivar, yield varied from maximal in 2017 (2.83 t per ha) to minimal in 2019 (1.31 t per ha). Oil content in the different years varied from 40.9 to 46.34%, weight of 1000 seeds – from 2.22 to 3.85 g. Glucosinolate content was minimal (14.16 µmol/g) in 2017 and reached maximum (21.48 µmol/g) in 2020. The linear cultivars ВН-LР13, ВНDl 2, and ВН-Dl 1 are characterized with the highest environmental plasticity, having the indicators bi = 1.30; 1.24, and 1.21, respectively. The cultivars Amulet and Ruyan were the most stable: Si² was equal to 0.65 and 0.69, respectively, as well as the main applicant for being a cultivar: ВН-4801, ВН-191, and ВН2478 having the indicators 0.40; 0.62, and 0.80. The perspective cultivars ВН-4801 and ВН-906 (Kenar) are characterized with a valuable combination of increased and stable for years yield. Due to absolute indicator of adaptability, all the studied cultivars are ranking as following: ВН-4801 (113.6%), ВН-Dl 1 (106.3%), ВН-Dl 2 (105.9%), ВН-LР 13 (105.0%), ВН-XT (103.4%), Руян (102.9%), and ВН-906 (101.9%).

scholarly journals The results of preliminary trial experimental hybrids of winter rapeseed bred at VNIIMK by economically valuable traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
E.A. Strelnikov ◽  
◽  
E.B. Bochkaryova ◽  
L.A. Gorlova ◽  
V.V. Serdyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Standard Cultivar ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the research was a preliminary estimation of ten experimental hybrids of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) bred in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops by the primary economically valuable traits. The research was conducted in the central zone of the Krasnodar region in 2019–2020. The results of the research are presented for the first time. On average for two years, nine of ten the best experimental hybrids increased by seeds yield by 0.32–0.76 t per ha both the standard cultivar Loris and the foreign hybrid Mercure. Middle seed yield of the studied hybrids varied significantly, variance range was from 4.99 t per ha (VN-3 × ОРK-10) to 5.62 t per ha (VN-4 × ОРK-20). Maximal values of seed and oil yields per a unit area were fixed for a hybrid combination VN-4 × ОРK-20. Except that, the hybrid is characterized with high weight of 1000 seeds (4.5 g). A hybrid combination VN-13 × ОРK-10 demonstrated high average by years seeds yield (5.33 t per ha) and oil yield (2.25 t per ha).Oil content in seeds and weight of 1000 seeds of this combination were at the level of the standard cultivar and the foreign hybrid. This hybrid shows the lowest glucosinolate content in seeds – 16.7 µmol/g, that is less that the foreign hybrid Mercure has by 2.3 µmol/g. The preliminary conclusion based on our researches is: the selected hybrids after confirmation of the competitive trial results can be of a great interest for production.

scholarly journals Highly oleic collection of flax in VNIIMK

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
S.V. Sklyarov ◽  
◽  
L.G. Ryabenko ◽  
V.S. Zelentsov ◽  
L.R. Ovcharova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Good Combination ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Russian Research ◽  
Research Institute

The researches were conducted in the laboratory of oil flax breeding of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar 2019– 2020. We studied the samples from the highly oleic collection of flax of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops in order to select the best ones for introduction into a breeding process to improve the existing varieties and develop new ones with a good combination of biological and economically valuable traits. The samples from our collection demonstrated variability by the general economically valuable and biological traits. Thus, difference in duration of a period emergence–maturing was from 10 to 12 days depending on year and weather conditions. Maximal plant height (63.3 сm) was noted in 2020, and minimal (38.0 cm) was similar in all years of the research. Seed yield per a plot varied from 32.5 to 112.5 g/m 2 in 2019 and from 30.0 to 175.0 g/m 2 in 2020. The highest yield (175.0 g/m2) was fixed in 2020, and minimal one (30.0 g/m2) was at the same level in all years of the research. The samples from the collection were differed by their oil content in seeds: from 44.6 to 48.7% in 2019 and from 44.8 to 49.3% in 2020. Variation of this trait by years was 4.1–4.5%, difference between years of the research was equal to 0.4%. The presence of variability in oil contents in seeds among samples from flax collection proves a possibility to conduct selections by this trait in all breeding nurseries of the laboratory. Thus, in 2020 we selected two samples with oil content in seeds more than 49.0%.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Russian Rapeseed Collection and Association Mapping of Novel Loci Affecting Glucosinolate Content

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Rim Gubaev ◽  
Lyudmila Gorlova ◽  
Stepan Boldyrev ◽  
Svetlana Goryunova ◽  
Denis Goryunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Independent Direction ◽  
Agronomical Traits

Rapeseed is the second most common oilseed crop worldwide. While the start of rapeseed breeding in Russia dates back to the middle of the 20th century, its widespread cultivation began only recently. In contrast to the world’s rapeseed genetic variation, the genetic composition of Russian rapeseed lines remained unexplored. We have addressed this question by performing genome-wide genotyping of 90 advanced rapeseed accessions provided by the All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK). Genome-wide genetic analysis demonstrated a clear difference between Russian rapeseed varieties and the rapeseed varieties from the rest of the world, including the European ones, indicating that rapeseed breeding in Russia proceeded in its own independent direction. Hence, genetic determinants of agronomical traits might also be different in Russian rapeseed lines. To assess it, we collected the glucosinolate content data for the same 90 genotyped accessions obtained during three years and performed an association mapping of this trait. We indeed found that the loci significantly associated with glucosinolate content variation in the Russian rapeseed collection differ from those previously reported for the non-Russian rapeseed lines.

scholarly journals High-yielding cultivar of spring turnip rapeseed of “000” type Gratsiya

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
G.N. Kuznetsova ◽  
◽  
R.S. Polyakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Dense Medium ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Rapeseed Cultivar ◽  
Wax Coating

The spring turnip rapeseed cultivar Gratsiya was developed at the Siberian experimental station – a branch of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops by multiple individual and family selections from high-yielding, yellowseeded forms of the German cultivar Eldorado. In 2020, we isolated elite plant in the selection nursery by the main agronomic valuable traits: early maturity, high productivity, resistance to lodging, yellow seed color, low content of glucosinolates in the seeds and erucic acid in the oil. According to the results of three years competitive trials (2018–2020), 12 promising numbers with a growing season of 66–70 days were evaluated and a promising high-yielding number 31119 – the cultivar of type “000” Gratsiya was isolated. The cultivar of spring turnip rapeseed Gratsiya exceeded the standard cultivar Pobeda in seed yield by 0.21 t/ha and in oil yield by 0.08 t/ha. By the main agronomic traits, the cultivar Gratsiya differs from the standard one in lower content of glucosinolates in seeds (14.6 µmol/g) and erucic acid in oil (0.43 %). Seedlings are green, without wax coating, the plant is semi-dense, medium-branched, plant height of 120– 135 cm. The fruit is a pod, 5–7 cm long. Seeds are yellow, with an addition of brown – up to 2 %. Thousand-seed weight is 2.5–2.8 g. It is moderately drought-resistant, has uniform ripening, is suitable for mechanical harvesting, and is recommended for cultivation throughout the Russian Federation because of its early maturity.

scholarly journals Early maturing samples of winter rapeseed bred at VNIIMK: search, estimation, selection of promising samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
L.А. Gorlova ◽  
◽  
E.B. Bochkaryova ◽  
E.A. Strelnikov ◽  
V.V. Serdyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Degree ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Chinese Origin ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
Standard Cultivar

Early maturing cultivars of winter rapeseed are of a great demand in the modern production as they allow lowering field intensity of harvesting works. Agrarians are interested in the cultivars which can be harvested simultaneously with winter barley and earlier than middle maturing wheat cultivars. Early maturing rapeseed cultivars are less depressed with summer droughts in the southern regions of the Russian Federation, they have shorter and more intensive periods of flowering and ripening. The purpose of our research was to select genotypes of winter rapeseed combining short vegetative period and complex of economically valuable traits in work breeding collection of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. We studied 330 breeding samples and selected 13 ones (3.9%) having significantly shortened (by 8–4 days) vegetative period compared to the early maturing standard cultivar Elvis. Also it was selected very early sample YS 5696 of Chinese origin, which ripened by 26 days earlier than Elvis, but having low winter resistance and susceptible to returned spring frosts. The best early maturing samples by yield appeared to be ES-15, МТ-1, МR-2, 787/09, they exceeded to a significant degree the standard cultivar Elvis – by 0.32–0.45 t per ha. Their flowering period started simultaneously with Elvis crops, but their periods of flowering and ripening were quite short. Also the selected samples had meaningfully high oil yield per a unit area (from 1.77 to 1.92 t per ha) compared to the cultivar Elvis (1.66 t per ha), low level of uncontrolled sulphur-containing substances – glucosinolates (from 12.2 to 14.5 µmol/g) and 1000 seeds weight within 3.4–4.1

scholarly journals The effect of herbicides on winter false flax (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Oksana Serdyuk ◽  
Victoria Trubina ◽  
Lyudmila Gorlova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
False Flax ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Russian Research

The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of herbicides on winter false flax and to identify the preparation that does not effect negatively on crop plants. The research was carried out in 20182020 at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. The experiment scheme included herbicides with active ingredients (a.i.), which effectively decreased the number of weeds on the plots. The effectiveness of the preparations was more than 70% for different types of weeds. However, the variants with the application of preparations with a.i. clopyralid 300 g/l, S-Metolachlor 960 g/l, ethametsulfuronmethyl 750 g/kg significantly decreased the plant density (by 18-32 pcs/m2) and seed yield (by 0.33-0.52 t/ha) of false flax in comparison with the control. The oil content of seeds was significantly decreased in the variants with the herbicides with a.i. S-Metolachlor 960 g/l with the application rate of 1.6 l/ha and ethametsulfuron-methyl 750 g/kg (by 1.2-1.5 %). In other variants, the oil content of false flax seeds differed from the control insignificantly (by 0.3-0.4 %). It has been established that the preparation with a.i. quinmerac 83 g/l + metazachlor 333 g/l with the application rate of 2.0 or 2.5 l/ha should be applied to decrease the number of weeds in the sowings of winter false flax in the central zone of the Krasnodar region. This preparation, without having a toxic effect, increases the yield by 0.15-0.17 t/ha and does not decrease the plant density and oil content of false flax seeds.

scholarly journals Efficiency of selection of self-fertile sunflower biotypes in production of foundation and breeder seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
A.D. Bochkovoy ◽  
◽  
V.I. Khatnyansky ◽  
V.A. Kamardin ◽  
D.A. Nazarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Crops ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Breeder Seed ◽  
High Level ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Russian Research

The researches were conducted on fields of OOO NPO “Triumph”, the Matveevo-Kurgansky district of Rostov region and V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar in 2017–2020. The purpose of the research was to develop methodology of selection of self-fertile sunflower genotypes in foundation and breeder seed production. Our work resulted in development of improved population Dobrynya plus. Middle self-fertility of this population at self-pollination was 13.7% vs. 5.2% of the initial variety (increased by 2.6 times), a ratio of the most valuable genotypes with amount of fully formed seeds more than 150 seeds per a plant increased from 13.5 to 26.4% (by 1.9 times). At the open flowering and free insect pollination, population Dobrynya plus does not differ by its economically valuable traits from the initial variety. But at the close flowering, without insects pollination, yield of the population Dobrynya plus was 0.93 t per ha vs. 0.52 t per ha of the initial variety (increase by 1.8 times). At selection of elite seeds from sunflower varietal populations for seed growing, the most perspective are the biotypes with high level of self-fertility which traits are held stable in the different environments. Improvement of sunflower variety by 11 self-fertility does not lead to decreasing of its yield qualities by the main economically valuable traits. The obtained experimental data prove a prospectivity of researches directed on improvement of sunflower variety populations by self-fertility at production of foundation and breeder seeds and possibility to reach successful results.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HETEROSIS AND PHENOTYPIC DOMINANCE I INTERLINE HYBRIDS OF WINTER RAPESEED

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.А. Strelnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Heterosis Effect ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Krasnodar Region

There are presented data on heterosis displaying at the experimental hybrids F1 of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) by the basic economically valuable traits. The research was conducted in the central zone of the Krasnodar region. We determined a level of phenotypic dominance and heterosis effect in some winter rapeseed hybrids. In preliminary test, a hybrid combination 39712 × ОRK 9 demonstrated authentically high true and competitive heterosis and overdominance by all the studied traits. The best hybrid combinations by yield and oil content in seeds appeared to be 1746 × ОRK 14, 40059 × ОRK 17 and 40059 × ОRK 21, which showed authentically high competitive heterosis and overdominance.

scholarly journals Monitoring of diseases in crops of sunflower varieties bred at VNIIMK

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
А.А. Detsyna ◽  
◽  
V.I. Khatnyansky ◽  
I.V. Illarionova ◽  
N.M. Araslanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Alternaria Blight ◽  
Puccinia Helianthi ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Oil Sunflower

We observed the diseases in crops of oil and confectionary sunflower in the environments of the central zone of the Krasnodar region in 2018–2020. There are prevailed in crops: bacterial diseases (Xanhomonas, Pseudomonas, Pectobacterium, Rhizobium), dry rot (Rhizopus Ehrenb.), rust (Puccinia helianthi Schw.) and Alternaria blight (Alternaria Nees.). The strongest bacterial blight was observed on confectionary sunflower varieties (up to 72.5%) in 2020. Frequency of dry rot varied depending on the weather conditions of a year: on oil sunflower varieties from 10.0 to 64.0%, on confectionary varieties – from 4.5 to 55%. In recent years rust infection is increased significantly. Frequency of this disease varied from 10 to 64.8% on confectionary sunflower varieties. Rust prevalence on oil sunflower varieties is from 0 to 17.5%. Alternaria blight infection was more on confectionary varieties Karavan (40%) and Conditer (42.5%). Prevalence of the dangerous quarantine disease phomopsis (Phomopsis helianthi Munt.-Cvet.) was insufficient in the years of the research and varied from 0 to 3.7% at the level of infection intensiveness of sunflower plants 0–4 scores due to 4-score scale.

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