Voluntary fire squads and their participation in extinguishing fires in the Far North

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
A. V. Sivtseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Mechanical Impact ◽  
Fire Brigade ◽  
Far North ◽  
Fire Stations

Introduction. Extinguishing fires in remote areas of rural areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is carried out not only by the State Fire Service, but also by volunteer fire brigades. The most important problem in extinguishing fires is the lack of fire stations in all rural settlements, which negatively affects the timely extinguishing of the fire. The problem that firefighters face when extinguishing is also considered. This is a shortage of water in the winter period of the year. Goals and objectives. The purpose of this article is to systematize the work of volunteer fire brigades (DPD), to give a clear idea of the significance of this formation. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: firstly, to describe the work and tasks of the organization of a volunteer fire brigade, and secondly, to assess the availability of knowledge, skills, and weapons with which the DPD can effectively affect the extinguishing of a fire. Methods. Volunteer fire brigades in the Far North with a shortage of water can use a method of mechanical impact on flames. Mechanical impact is understood as procedures aimed at limiting the spread and extinguishing a fire. Results and its discussion. To date, the formation of volunteer fire brigades in the regions of the Far North is developing, they focus on preventive measures to protect against fires, on rapid response and elimination of fire. Conclusions. A volunteer fire brigade (DPD) for settlements where there is no fire station is a rescue from fires and fires. The DPD can either independently participate in extinguishing a fire, or help the state fire service in extinguishing it. The DPD performs the same functions and tasks as the state fire service. The DPD has the means to cope with small fires. To extinguish large fires, DPD requires funding, which can be provided by entrepreneurs of the village, local residents, as well as the municipality of the district. Keywords: fires, volunteer fire brigade, water shortage, method of extinguishing fire

scholarly journals Methodology of Forming a Comprehensive Mechanism for Public Administration of Service Cooperation Development in Rural Areas of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Cooperative Movement

with carrying out the decentralization reform public administration mechanisms play an important role in ensuring the comprehensive development of rural areas. Expanding the use of such mechanisms in the sphere of cooperation on the state level will facilitate development and support of small entrepreneurial forms, common use of material and technical basis, emerging new working places, building social infrastructure and engineering communications, providing qualitative services to citizens and preserving rural settlements. The objective of the article is to identify constituents of the comprehensive mechanism of public administration for development of service cooperation of rural areas in Ukraine and to integrate them into a coherent system which would facilitate realization of the state strategies and programmes to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The object of the research is a comprehensive mechanism of public administration for development of service cooperation. Research methodology is grounded upon the use of general scientific knowledge methods, in particular, logical and semantic, induction and deduction for formulating definitions, systemic and situational analysis for characterizing constituents of a comprehensive mechanism and identifying their interrelations. Based on the systemic approach it has been defined that comprehensive mechanism is an integrated system which combines interrelated and dependable functioning of legislative, institutional, organisational and economic, financial and credit, information and communication as well as staffing mechanisms in the sphere of developing cooperative movement in the rural localities. It is proved that every mechanism influences its particular direction and is formed at the international, national, regional and local levels based on cooperative values and generalized system of principles. Special attention is paid to the research of international and national legislation to generalize the system of principles of cooperation, intermunicipal cooperation, public authorities and public associations’ functioning, upon which the comprehensive mechanism for public administration of service cooperation development in rural areas of Ukraine is based.

scholarly journals Towards A Sustainable Fire-free Environment in Kebbi State: Causes and People’s Behaviour in Fire Disasters

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Alade E. Ilori ◽  
Rabiu A. Magaji
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Head Office ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Fire Stations ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
In Fire

Fire disaster is accident that occur most frequently with different causes. It requires strong intervention for a sustainable fire-free environment. This study assessed causes and people’s behaviour in fire disasters towards a sustainable fire-free environment in Kebbi State, Nigeria. The study focused at identifying remote causes of fire disasters in Kebbi State, the people’s behaviour in/to fire situations using the state capital (Birnin Kebbi) as well as equipment available in the state fire service head-office towards a fire-free environment. Descriptive research approach was used. A sample size of 204 respondents (30 market traders, 144 occupants and 30 fire service personnel) obtained through Cochran 1963 sample size formula were randomly selected. Questionnaire and observation were used to collect data which were analyzed through descriptive statistics (frequency tables and percentages) and results were presented in charts. Results revealed that electrical fault/wiring, political reasons, negligence among others are the causes of fire disaster in the area with electrical fault/wiring as the remote cause. The behaviour of people towards building a sustainable fire-free environment shows people of the area do help one another in extinguishing fire whenever it strikes. Results also shows that lack of manpower and standard fire stations were the prominent challenges faced by the state fire service head-office in the state capital prompting incessant burning and resulting lives and property loss. Occupants of the area should always read and comply with safety guides of electrical appliances bought before use to avoid and prevent them from substandard gadgets that have ability of endangering their lives.

scholarly journals “New” rural settlements – former urban-type settlements

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
A. S. Chuchkalov ◽  
A. I. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Type Settlement ◽  
Average Population Size

Since the 1920s, when the notion of urban-type settlement (UTS) was introduced in Russia, and until the 1980s the number of UTSs was constantly increasing. But since the 1990s, their rapid decline began, and by 2019 more than a third of them were transformed into rural settlements. In this article, the authors try to find out what the new villages the former UTSs are; where they are located; what their functions (largely lost) are, and what the specific features of their population are. From 1989 to 2010, the processes of transformation of UTSs into rural settlements administratively increased rural population of Russia by 2.4 mln people and held back the growth of the urban population share, which increased only slightly from 73.4 to 73.7%. When comparing the census data of 1989 and 2010 in many regions, the administrative ruralization radically changed the dynamics of the population: instead of a real decrease in the number of rural residents, Census-2010 showed the increase of rural population. Former UTSs are losing population more rapidly than the rural areas of their municipal districts, and the most intensive outflow is in logging settlements, centers of construction and colonies-settlements. The average population size of the former UTSs is minimal in the North of European Russia and the Far North, and maximum in the European South and in the Ural-Volga area, where the former UTSs-district centers are mostly concentrated, in which change of their status was purely formal.

scholarly journals Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Kielcach z 30 września 2019 r., sygn. akt II SA/Ke 500/19

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(161) ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kała
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
The State ◽  
City Council ◽  
Fire Brigade ◽  
Local Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The City

The commentary mainly concerns procedural issues related to the monetary equivalent for members of voluntary firefighters. The commentary is entirely approving. The resolution on the amount of the equivalent is of a general and abstract nature, and therefore is an act of local law. A councillor, who is at the same time a member of the voluntary fire brigade and takes part in rescue operations or fire training organized by the State Fire Service or the municipality, has a legal interest (derived from Article 28(1) and (2) of the Fire Protection Act) in adopting a resolution on the amount of the equivalent. The resolution on the amount of the equivalent, which was adopted by the city council with the participation of councillors (at the same time members of the voluntary fire brigade), who were excluded from voting by virtue of the law itself, is invalid.

THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE IMPORTANCE IN THE DEMOGRAPHIC POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Olena DOVGAL
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village ◽  
Demographic Potential

Abstract Introduction. Dependence of the rural areas condition on the level of social infrastructure determines necessitates its definition as a priority direction of support from the state. Analysis of the current state of scientific research allows to substantiate the relevance of determining the social infrastructure role in shaping the demographic potential of region rural areas. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the social infrastructure role in shaping the demographic potential of rural areas in the region. Results. The implementation effectiveness of the Law of Ukraine «On the priority of social development of the village and agro-industrial complex in the national economy» is considered. The similarity of the motives between the rural population and the state is determined regarding the invariability of the way of life in the countryside. The social infrastructure development in rural areas makes the transition of the agricultural segment to market conditions cheaper. The ineffectiveness of the normative support for the Ukrainian village development is proved, which is confirmed by the lack of its proper institutional form or inadequate implementation. Measures to provide rural settlements with the necessary infrastructure are presented developed by experts of the National Institute for Strategic Studies. It is argued that improving the village's social infrastructure efficiency will inevitably affect the living standards of the rural population and will help to bring the living conditions in the countryside closer to urban standards. Conclusions. A full and highly organized social infrastructure, along with the availability of high-paying jobs, is an indispensable condition for the formation and development of demographic potential. Due to the current critical state of the social sphere of the village, and beyond it, and other aspects of rural life, it is necessary to implement measures for the development of social infrastructure with appropriate institutional support. Key words: regional policy, social infrastructure, resource potential, demographic potential, rural areas.

scholarly journals MAIN PROBLEMS OF ACTIVITY OF ACTIVITIES BY CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliesia Mytnyk ◽  
◽  
Larysa Butko ◽  
Vladyslava Danyilenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Cultural Services ◽  
Artistic Director

The culture has always been funded residually. And now funding continues to be made available to address the immediate needs of communities. Subventions received by communities as part of the reform were aimed at road mending, renovating municipal equipment, water suppling, and upgrading. As a result, it is impossible to maintain cultural institutions and provide quality cultural services to the population in less well-off communities. This may result in depressed territories being left without cultural facilities, cultural programs and projects. Another problem that exists in villages, towns and small towns is the so-called «staff shortage». Low wages and lack of professional prospects in rural areas don’t help involvement of experts to work for positions in the field of culture. In the more capable ATCs, as well as in the communities that have become the centers of the community, there is often at least a team of the director, the artistic director, the circle leaders who organize the cultural life in the community. But in small villages, in houses of culture, the enthusiasm of only one person who has worked in this position all his life is still held. This person is at the same time a director, artistic director, head of all circles, and sometimes a technical worker. According to R. Yu. Mylian, increased attention to solving problems of the sociocultural development of rural settlements will contribute to the preservation and development of cultural institutions in rural areas, prevent the outflow of the working and most educated population, especially young people, and will eventually strengthen the sustainable development potential of Ukraine as a whole. The organization and holding of mass cultural events in rural areas is an effective means of strengthening the competitiveness of rural areas, enhances the development of cultural interregional and cross-border cooperation, event-tourism and has a positive impact on the branding of rural settlements as tourist attractions. To address the above issues, is invited to identify an approach whereby a State, acting by the Culture Ministry, will develop standards for the minimum volume and quality of cultural services, compliance with which will be mandatory for local governments in communities. This may occur by defining and establishing a set of basic services guaranteed by the State and financed from the State budget. For the normal functioning of State culture, it is necessary to establish a new concept of these institutions activities in the ATC, to provide for tax exemption by legal acts and to clearly define the types of services provided by cultural activity.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of communication of managing civil servants and the control area institutions in case of emergency at NPP

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
V. A. Prylypko ◽  
O. O. Petrychenko ◽  
M. M. Morozova ◽  
I. V. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Control Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Rural Settlements

Background. Implementing the measures to protect the control area (CA) population is ensured by Emergency Planning and Response System of “NNEGC” Energoatom” in case of accidents and emergencies at NPPs of Ukraine (EPR) as a part of the Unified State Civil Protection System (USCPS). Purpose. Specifying the features of interaction between different management structures in the domain of radiation protection of the control area population in case of emergencies at nuclear power plants. Materials and methods. The expert evaluation method was utilized in the research process. Five main groups of experts, responsible for the state of radiation protection of various population groups of South-Ukrainian NPP (SUNPP) control area and qualified according to the key criteria, have been formed. Semi-closed-ended and open-ended questions were used in the expert evaluations, a 5-point scale was used in closed-ended ones, and nominal ones were used for others. When processing, statistical methods designed to analyze non-numerical information were applied. Results and discussion. In case of emergency at SUNPP, the system of alerting municipal authority executives of cities and rural settlements of the control area is “more or less” effective and can be achieved within 30 minutes. The control area population is provided with stable iodine agents, the population of Yuzhnoukrainsk is provided with individual protective gear in the best way; Voznesensk and rural settlements have a little lower levels of supply. The rural areas are characterized by the lowest level of first aid kits, protective clothing and respirators supplies. Implementing the measures to limit the consumption of food contaminated with radionuclides and to provide “clean” one, as well as to restrict the consumption of drinking water contaminated with radionuclides, and to provide “clean” one is about 3.0 points (“approximately 50% of what is needed”). Conclusion. The analysis of expert evaluation data shows that the NPP and the State Emergency Service conduct regular training in case of emergency at NPP forming stereotypes of behavior of managing civil servants. The level of readiness to put protective measures in action in case of emergency at SUNPP varies, depending on the state service and institution as well the location of those ones in the control area. The level of readiness in the edge city is the highest; it is lower in cities and the lowest in the rural areas. The level of being equipped with key facilities is extremely low in civil protection services and primary healthcare units.

scholarly journals Assessment of the state of agroecosystems using digital technologies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Barbotkina ◽  
◽  
Ie.A. Dunaieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
New Approaches

The aim of the work is to form a database of economic, social and environmental characteristics of rural settlements for further use in calculating integral indicators using new approaches that will characterize the state of rural areas in modern conditions.

scholarly journals Rural Territories and Rural Settlements: The Legal Doctrine of Sustainable Complex Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Afanasyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Complex Development

The author studies the essence of a rural territory and rural settlements as social and legal phenomena in the legal doctrine of sustainable complex development. This serves as a basis for understanding the rural life as an independent subject of the legal regulation of a specific circle of public relationships of rural settlements of the Russian Federation: economic, social, power, natural and environmental, historical and cultural relationships aimed at life support, life quality improvement, complex development of a settlement area and labor activities of the rural population, conditions for extended agricultural production, operations of private farm households and raising the efficiency of operations of government and municipal authorities in respect of implementation of the state policy related to the rural areas. To reach the set goal, the author analyzes federal and regional laws in the implementation of the state policy of social and economic development of rural territories and research works of famous scientists in this sphere of law. The paper singles out formal legal attributes, the aggregate of which creates a formula of such legal categories.

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