scholarly journals Mollaret’s triangle: An important neuroanatomical territory for all clinicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Lindsey Bulleid ◽  
Tom Hughes ◽  
Paul Leach
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Neuroscience ◽  
Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acute Headache

Background: Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a rare condition caused by damage within the triangle of Guillain and Mollaret. We discuss the anatomical, radiological, and clinical history of this rare condition. Case Description: A 32-year-old lady presented with sub-acute headache, photophobia, and dizziness. She also described facial tingling and itching over her nose, and a thirty-minute episode of slurred speech. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 12.1 × 11 × 7.3 mm lesion arising from the floor of the fourth ventricle [Figure 1]. Postoperative imaging confirmed complete resection of the tumor, but changes consistent with hypertrophic olivary degeneration [Figure 2a and b]. Conclusion: An awareness of this complication is of importance to all clinical neuroscience to prevent misdiagnosis with the occurrence of new symptoms.

scholarly journals Non traumatic spinal epidural haematoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Naureen Abdul Khalid ◽  
◽  
Nainal Shah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Epidural Haematoma ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Epidural Haematoma ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Spinal Epidural

Spinal epidural haematoma is a rare condition, which may be due to trauma, surgery, epidural catheterisation or disorders of coagulation. We report a case of 60 year old lady who was on warfarin for Atrial fibrillation (AF) presented with history of non-traumatic sudden onset pain in both legs and difficulty in walking. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) spine demonstrated epidural haematoma which was treated conservatively. Another dilemma was anticoagulation for AF. We examine the options to manage such case.

scholarly journals Dandy–Walker syndrome associated with syringomyelia in an adult: a case report and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1771-1777
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Zhenyu Qi ◽  
Xuewen Zhang ◽  
Fangping Zhong ◽  
Hui Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adult Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Memory Deterioration

Dandy–Walker syndrome associated with syringomyelia is a rare condition, with few reports of adult cases. We describe an adult case of Dandy–Walker syndrome with concomitant syringomyelia. A 33-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of walking instability, numbness in the hands, memory deterioration, and urinary incontinence. A physical examination showed a positive Romberg sign. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed hydrocephalus, a cyst in the posterior fossa, absence of the cerebellar vermis, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and cerebella, and syringomyelia. All of these symptoms were consistent with the diagnosis of Dandy–Walker syndrome. Surgery involving arachnoid adhesiolysis and endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed. At the 6-month follow-up, the symptoms were completely relieved. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that syringomyelia was greatly reduced and the hydrocephalus remained unchanged. Dandy–Walker syndrome with concomitant syringomyelia in adults is exceedingly rare. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment of this condition should be highlighted. Combined arachnoid adhesiolysis and endoscopic third ventriculostomy may be an effective approach.

scholarly journals Orbital Schwannoma: Case Report and Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Lourenço Caramanti ◽  
Mário José Goes ◽  
Feres Chaddad ◽  
Lucas Crociati Meguins ◽  
Dionei Freitas de Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
Orbital Pain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractOrbital schwannomas are rare, presenting a rate of incidence between 1 and 5% of all orbital lesions. Their most common clinical symptoms are promoted by mass effect, such as orbital pain and proptosis. The best complementary exam is the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which shows low signal in T1, high signal in T2, and heterogeneous contrast enhancement. The treatment of choice is surgical, with adjuvant radiotherapy if complete resection is not possible. We report the case of a 24-year-old male patient with orbital pain and proptosis, without previous history of disease. The MRI showed a superior orbital lesion compatible with schwannoma, which was confirmed by biopsy after complete resection using a fronto-orbital approach.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Basilar Artery Dissection: A Case Report and Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Marx Araújo ◽  
Benjamim Vale ◽  
Lívio Macêdo ◽  
João Vale ◽  
Paulo Gonçalves Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Artery ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Interventional Neuroradiology ◽  
Dissecting Aneurysm ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

AbstractSpontaneous basilar artery dissection is a rare condition and a diagnostic challenge with a high potential for morbidity and mortality if untreated. It has an estimated incidence of 1 to 1.5 cases per 100,000 people. Few cases have been described in the literature up to the present day. The clinical outcomes, prognosis and treatment remain uncertain. The authors report the rare case of a 55-year-old female patient who presented to the Interventional Neuroradiology service at Hospital São Marcos, Teresina, in the state of Piauí, Brazil, with a history of severe headache located in the occipital region and in the nape with no improvement using common analgesics. A magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a saccular dilatation in the basilar artery, and a digital cerebral angiography showed a basilar artery dissection associated with a dissecting aneurysm.

scholarly journals A case report of lymphocytic hypophysitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Stephen Yu ◽  
Ramakrishna Bethanabatla ◽  
Ahmed Taha
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Lymphocytic Hypophysitis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sellar Mass ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LH) is a rare condition that mostly affects women of the reproductive age. Because it is infrequently encountered, it is not often considered as a differential diagnosis of sellar masses. The diagnosis is made clinically with the aid of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and should be considered if the patient has endocrine derangements in addition to a sellar mass. Case Description: A 37-year-old female presents with a complaint of headaches and CT imaging showed a sellar mass. She was also being investigated simultaneously by the endocrine department and was diagnosed with panhypopituitarism. She proceeded to surgery for a presumed pituitary adenoma but histopathology returned as LH. Conclusion: It is important to have a wide differential diagnosis when managing pituitary masses. Clinical correlation with atypical MRI findings is useful to determine the diagnosis of LH.

scholarly journals Rare dorsal thoracic arachnoid web mimics spinal cord herniation on imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Aljuboori ◽  
Maxwell Boakye
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lower Extremity Weakness ◽  
Ventral Cord ◽  
Cine Mr ◽  
Spinal Cord Herniation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Dorsal arachnoid webs (DAWs) are rare clinical entities that can mimic other conditions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we present a case of DAW that was misdiagnosed on MR as a ventral cord herniation. Case Description: A 35-year-old female presented with a 1-year history of lower extremity weakness and numbness. The MRI of the thoracic spine showed ventral cord displacement with syringomyelia. The computed tomography myelogram demonstrated ventral cord herniation. Intraoperatively, the patient had a dorsal thoracic web in the absence of cord herniation. Within 8 postoperative weeks, the patient had improved, and the follow-up MI showed a significant reduction in the syrinx size. Conclusion: On MR scans, DAWs may look like ventral cord herniation. However, the positive “scalpel sign” and syrinx, the absence of an arachnoid cyst on myelography, and the findings on cine MR help differentiate DAWs from ventral cord herniation.

scholarly journals Spontaneous epidural pneumorrhachis in 14 years old

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Joseph Scott Hudson ◽  
Seung Jeong ◽  
Xiaoran Zhang ◽  
Taylor J. Abel
Keyword(s):  
Rare Complication ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unclear Etiology ◽  
Epidural Gas ◽  
Spontaneous Onset ◽  
Rule Out

Background: Pneumorrhachis is an exceedingly rare complication of pneumomediastinum as air tracks through tissue planes into the epidural (or subdural space). The majority of these patients present with a clear history of trauma, iatrogenic injury, pneumothorax, vomiting, or retching. Case Description: A 14-year-old male presented with the asymptomatic spontaneous onset of pneumorrhachis associated with significant pneumomediastinum of unclear etiology. Conclusion: Most patients with pneumorrhachis present with nonfocal neurological examinations. For these patients, it is critical to rule out infection as the cause of epidural gas. If other systemic signs are present, then urgent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging should be obtained. The majority of patients will demonstrate spontaneous radiographic resolution of pneumorrhachis within several days.

Glomus tumour of the iris: A case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212095903
Author(s):  
Huang Jing ◽  
Chen Weiwen ◽  
Cui Meihong ◽  
Guo Xiaohong
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Tumour ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Ultrasound Computed Tomography ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Glomus Body

Introduction: Glomus tumours are rare benign tumours formed by modified smooth muscle cells arising from the glomus body. Glomus tumours occurring in the iris have not been previously reported. Case description: A 32-year-old woman presented with a 9-day history of blurred vision in her right eye. Ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of a mass lesion within the iris. Surgery of the iris was performed and the tumour was removed. Histopathological analysis confirmed a glomus tumour. The patient remains clinically stable 5 months following surgery and has experienced no tumour recurrence. Conclusion: The findings from this case suggest that the typical symptoms of a glomus tumour may be absent in some cases, and that imaging examinations can help in understanding the extent of the lesion and the involvement of adjacent structures. Moreover, pathology and immunohistochemistry are crucial to confirm the diagnosis.

Bilateral Preiser Disease in a Patient with Sickle Cell Anemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Catapano ◽  
Oluwatola O. Overduin ◽  
Herbert P. von Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Scaphoid Fracture ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Vascularized Bone

AbstractPreiser disease is a rare condition of avascular necrosis of the scaphoid occurring in the absence scaphoid fracture or trauma. While the etiology of Preiser disease remains unknown, it has been associated with steroid use, chemotherapy, and infrequently with systemic diseases. No reports have associated Preiser disease with hemoglobinopathy. Due to the rarity of Preiser disease, management remains controversial and evidence is limited. Here, we describe the case of a 32-year-old right-hand dominant male with sickle cell anemia and a 4-year history of bilateral wrist pain. Radiographs and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral Preiser disease. He was successfully managed with a 1,2 intercompartmental supraretinicaular artery vascularized bone graft to the right scaphoid.

scholarly journals Successful Pregnancy in a Female with a Large Prolactinoma after Pituitary Tumor Apoplexy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Butheinah A. Al-Sharafi ◽  
Omar H. Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Empty Sella ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Empty Sella Syndrome ◽  
History Of

Pituitary apoplexy is a rare condition which may cause death of the patient in severe cases and many times leads to hypopituitarism. We report a case of apoplexy in a large prolactinoma resulting in empty sella syndrome followed by a successful pregnancy. Our patient is a 32-year-old female with a history of a macroprolactinoma for approximately 17 years who presented to our hospital with a history of severe headache, decreased level of consciousness, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diplopia of 12 hours duration. Magnetic resonance imaging done on admission showed an increase in the size of the pituitary adenoma with a subtle hemorrhage. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit and treated conservatively. The condition of the patient improved within a few days. A few months later, she started having regular menstrual periods. A magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary 1.5 years later was reported as empty sella syndrome, and approximately one year later she became pregnant. With the pituitary adenoma being resolved after developing pituitary apoplexy and continuing on cabergoline, the patient had a successful pregnancy with no recurrence of the adenoma after delivery and breastfeeding.

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