Effects of alternative lamb production systems, terminal sire breed, and maternal line on ewe productivity and its components

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 4777-4792 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Nugent ◽  
T. G. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

scholarly journals Comparison of performance of F1 Romanov crossbred ewes with wool and hair breeds during spring lambing under intensive and extensive production systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad A Freking ◽  
Tom W Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Supplemental Feed ◽  
Extensive System ◽  
Intensive Production ◽  
System P ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Sire Breed

Abstract Objective was to evaluate wool (Dorset and Rambouillet) and hair (Dorper, Katahdin, and White Dorper) breeds for their ability to complement Romanov germplasm in two distinct production systems by estimating direct sire and grandsire effects on lamb growth, survival, and ewe productivity traits. Rams of the five breeds (n=75) were mated to Romanov ewes (n=459) over a 3 yr period to produce five types of crossbred lambs (n=2739). Sire breed (P > 0.06) did not impact body weight (BW) or survival traits of the first generation crossbred (F1) lambs. Productivity of retained crossbred ewes (n=830) mated to Suffolk and Texel terminal sires was evaluated at 1, 2 and 3 years of age in each production system. In the intensive production system, labor and harvested feed were provided for sheep that lambed in March in barns and ewes were limited to rearing two lambs with additional lambs reared artificially. Ewes in the extensive production system lambed in May on pasture and were responsible for rearing all lambs born with no labor or supplemental feed provided before weaning. A total of 1,962 litters and 4,171 lambs from 2,229 exposures to two terminal sire breeds (Suffolk, Texel) was produced in the experiment. Crossbred ewes in the intensive production system were mated in October, resulting in larger litter sizes than crossbred ewes mated in December for the extensive production system. However, single and twin born lamb mortality was similar between the two systems that differed greatly in labor, feed, and facilities. Lambs produced in the intensive system received concentrate feed from an early age and were heavier at 24 wk of age than lambs produced in the extensive system. These outcomes resulted in greater 24-wk litter weight in the intensive than in the extensive system (P < 0.0001). Unexpectedly, the relative performance of crossbred types did not differ importantly between production systems. White Dorper x Romanov crossbred ewes had numerical advantages in productivity in each system, however differences between ewe types were not significant. In the extensive system, without labor and shelter at lambing or supplemental feed until weaning, 3-year-old crossbred ewes of all types averaged 1.78 lambs marketed per ewe lambing and 40% of the ewes that gave birth to triplets weaned their entire litters. These results document that prolific sheep and extensive systems can be successfully combined if appropriate crossbred types are used.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF MODERN COMMERCIAL PORK PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Garmatyk ◽  
R. Susol ◽  
M. Broshkov ◽  
O. Danchuk ◽  
Ih. Panikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristic ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Large White ◽  
Pork Products ◽  
Cooking Properties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exudative Meat ◽  
Terminal Sire

By a morphological study of carcasses of young pig stock of different origin, it has been proved that up-to-date crossbreeding schemes using meat-type breeds as parents increase the percentage of meat in a carcass and optimise the lean-to-fat ratio. Physicochemical analysis of pork obtained from pigs of different breeds has shown that all the parameters investigated are within the current physiological standards. Most parameters have shown no significant difference, though tend to exhibit some peculiarities associated with the effect of a genotype on how this or that physicochemical characteristic manifests itself. The use of the Piétrain breed as the sire line decreases the intramuscular fat content, and hence the calorific value of pork. The back fat of this breed has the highest melting point, which indicates its high storability, but somewhat lower cooking properties than those of similar products obtained from offspring of Large White and Landrace parents. The pH and water-holding capacity of the pork of Piétrain-sired offspring make it quite similar to PSE (Pale, Soft, Exudative) meat: this pork is slightly less tender and paler in colour and exhibits greater weight loss during thermal processing. Also, the result of a comprehensive sensory evaluation of boiled pork and pork broth obtained from Piétrain-sired young stock was the lowest, which is consistent with most of the physicochemical properties of pork from pigs of this genotype. So, it is the 75% purebred Landrace that should be favoured as a terminal sire line in crossbreeding programmes in order to obtain pork and bacon of improved quality in intensive commercial swine production systems. It is recommended to combine Piétrain and Duroc lines to produce terminal sires, ½ (Piétrain + Duroc), that will be further mated with two-breed-cross dams – ½ (Large White + Landrace).

PSXII-29 Evaluation of Barbados Blackbelly and St. Croix sheep under accelerated lambing using purebred and terminal sire mating: Lamb survival and body weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 488-489
Author(s):  
Stephan Wildeus ◽  
Tom Murphy ◽  
Dahlia O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Lamb Survival ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Birth Type

Abstract Objectives were to evaluate lamb survival and body weight (BW) under an accelerated, pasture-lambing system. Lambs were born to Barbados Blackbelly (BB) or St. Croix dams (SC) mated within breed (purebred) or to Dorset (terminal) in single sire mating groups. Lambs were born in April (2013 and 2015), December (2013 and 2015), and August (2014 and 2016) and weaned at 9 weeks of age. Traits considered were BW at birth (BW0; n = 959), 65-d adjusted weaning BW (BW65; n = 788), and survival to weaning (n = 959). Data were analyzed with fixed effects of dam age, sex, birth type, dam breed (BB vs SC), dam mating system (purebred vs terminal), birth month-year, and significant two-way interactions and a random dam effect. Dam breed did not impact BW65 (P = 0.09). While BW0 was greater for lambs born to SC than BB dams (3.44 vs 3.23 kg; P < 0.01), survival to weaning was greater for lambs born to BB than SC dams (0.93 vs. 0.87; P = 0.02). The dam mating system x birth month-year interaction was significant for both BW traits (P ≤ 0.01). Within birth month-year, BW0 was 18 to 24% greater and BW65 was 12 to 24% greater for terminal than purebred lambs (P < 0.01). However, BW0 differences between dam mating systems were greatest for August born lambs whereas BW65 differences were greatest for April born lambs. Lamb survival was not affected by dam mating system or birth month-year (P ≥ 0.27). Using a terminal sire improved BW without affecting survival of lambs reared by landrace hair sheep dams, making this a viable management tool to increase productivity of forage-based production systems.

Physiological responses to selection for carcass lean content in a terminal sire breed of sheep

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 25-25
Author(s):  
N.D. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

Sheep breeding programmes for genetic improvement in carcass composition of terminal sires measure livewelght and ultrasonic backfat and muscle depths for inclusion in a selection index to predict genetic merit. Physiological traits which were genetically correlated with carcass traits could be incorporated into the selection index to increase the accuracy of selection and the rate of genetic improvement.This study examined differences in physiological traits between lines selected for high or low carcass lean content. The measured physiological traits were chosen according to their role in protein and lipid metabolism : b-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose (GLUC) : indicators of energy balance; triglyceride (TRIG) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) : intermediaries of lipid metabolism; UREA and creatinine (CREA) : indicators of nitrogen / amino acid metabolism and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1): an Indicator of growth hormone status.

Genetic parameters for live weight, ultrasonic measurements and conformation in Bluefaced Leicester sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 122-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. van Heelsum ◽  
R.M. Lewis ◽  
D.W. Jones ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
M.H. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

Currently fewer than 50% of UK lambs produce carcasses of acceptable quality for the domestic and export markets, which compromises the competitiveness of sheep farming. Carcass quality can be changed by selection, and this is now being taken advantage of in terminal sire breeds and, to a lesser extent, in hill breeds. However, little attention has yet been focused on the crossing breeds, which have relatively poor carcass quality, in spite of the large impact such breeds have on the slaughter generation. Recently, a long-term project began to develop breeding programmes relevant to crossing sire (‘longwool’) breeds. Its objective is to produce a selection index to improve carcass quality without compromising the reproductive performance or maternal ability of these breeds. The Bluefaced Leicester is the most prevalent crossing sire breed with its crossbred (‘Mule’) daughters out of draft hill ewes accounting for 89% of crossbred (longwool x hill) ewes in the UK (Pollot, 1998).

Consumer panel assessment of eating quality of lamb from the progeny of Suffolk sires with high or low indices for leanness

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
R M Lewis ◽  
G Simm ◽  
S V Murphy ◽  
H E Browm ◽  
C C Warkup
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Terminal Sire

With links between saturated fat in the diet and health, consumers are increasingly favouring leaner meats. Increases in carcass lean weight and lean percentage can be achieved within breeds through selection. Yet fat may enhance post-slaughter processing and cooking of red meat and thus reductions in fat depots could detract from eating quality.In the UK, selection decisions within terminal sire flocks are increasingly being based on a combination of liveweight and ultrasonic measures of fat and muscle depth. The underlying goal in these programmes is to increase the daily rate of lean tissue growth. In most pedigree flocks in terminal sire breeds ram lambs are reared on a high plane of nutrition. Yet most lambs in the UK are reared in extensive production systems. Thus it is important to know whether differences in performance of rams reared under feeding practices typical in pedigree flocks translate into detectable differences among their crossbred progeny in carcass composition and eating quality characteristics under grass finishing. In this study, the objective was to evaluate whether consumers could detect differences in the appearance and eating quality in shoulder joints from extensively reared crossbred lambs sired by Suffolk rams, with high or low lean growth index scores.

Evaluation of Angus, Charolais and Hereford as terminal sire breeds on Hereford and first-cross cows. I. Growth of progeny

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hearnshaw ◽  
PF Arthur ◽  
D Johnston ◽  
PD Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Sire Breed

Pre-weaning growth of 482 Angus, Charolais and Hereford sired progeny out of straightbred Hereford (H x H) , and first-cross Brahman x Hereford (B x H) , Simmental x Hereford (S x H) and Friesian x Hereford (F x H) dams was evaluated. The dams grazed either high, medium or low quality pasture (pre-weaning pasture system) at Grafton, NSW. Progeny of dams from high quality pre-weaning pasture were slaughtered at 281 days of age for the vealer market. The progeny of dams from medium and low quality pre-weaning pastures were evaluated for post-weaning growth on pasture, on commercial properties in temperate NSW. They were slaughtered for either the yearling domestic (both sexes) or heavy export steer markets. Average daily gain (ADG) for the entire pre-weaning period was greater (P < 0.05) for Charolais (845 g/day) than Angus (790 g/day) and Hereford (783 g/day) sired progeny. This resulted in a higher ( P < 0.05) weaning weight of Charolais sired progeny of dams on high or medium quality pre-weaning pasture. On low quality pasture, however, sire breed differences in weaning weight were not significant (P > 0.05). This indicates that adequate nutrition should be provided for Charolais sired progeny to express their higher growth potential. Post-weaning ADG of Charolais sired progeny was higher (P < 0.05) than that of Angus or Hereford sired progeny, resulting in 14 months liveweight (for yearling domestic cattle) of 370, 345 and 345 kg and 27 months liveweight (for heavy export steers) of 635, 585 and 569 kg for Charolais, Angus and Hereford sired progeny respectively. Progeny of B x H dams on medium or low quality pre-weaning pastures had the highest pre-weaning ADG and weaning weight, but the lowest post-weaning ADG. This resulted in 27 months liveweight of 558, 582, 628 and 616 kg for steer progeny from H x H, B x H, S x H and F x H dams respectively.

Correlated responses in slaughter and carcass traits of crossbred progeny to selection for carcass lean content in sheep

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
N.D. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Selection Differential ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
High Line ◽  
Fixed Weight ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

A divergent selection experiment in a terminal sire breed of sheep was started in 1985 to examine the differences between genetically lean and fat animals, which were derived from the same population. Responses in performance and physiological traits measured on the selection lines were reported at the BSAP 1991 Winter Meeting. Responses In slaughter and carcass traits, measured on crossbred progeny of the terminal sires, are presented in this study.The ram selection index was -0.995 FATD + 0.206 WT20, where FATD and WT20 are the ultrasonic backfat depth and liveweight at 20 weeks of age, with both traits standardised to have zero mean and unit phenotyplc variance. A total of 32 and 34 rams from the high (lean) and low (fat) selection lines were performance tested in 1988, and 11 rams were selected from the high line and 12 rams from the low line for mating to crossbred ewes for the progeny test, with a selection differential of 0.85 Index units. There were 8 and 11 rams from the high and low lines with progeny slaughtered at fixed weight, such that the selection differential was 1.0 Index units. A total of 329 crossbred lambs were slaughtered at 16 weeks of age and 250 lambs were slaughtered at fixed weight, 39±1 kg for castrates and 37±1 kg for ewe lambs.

The effect of terminal sire breed on the fatty acid profile of pork

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 112-112
Author(s):  
E Magowan ◽  
A Fearon ◽  
M E E McCann ◽  
A Beattie
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed

The fatty acid profile of pork can be easily manipulated via the diet of the pig. The most common aim is to increase the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, in particular omega 3 fatty acids. Kim et al. (2008) reported that the breed of pig can have an effect on the fatty acid composition of pork. The aim of the current experiment was to investigate the effect of terminal sires of different breed commonly used in Northern Ireland on the fatty acid profile of pork.

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