FACTORS OF THE FESTIVAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE SECOND HALF OF 20TH CENTURY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hrytsyshyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
High Level ◽  
Communist Countries

The article deals with the development of festival tourism in the second half of the 20th century. Festival tourism is referred to the special types of tourism and should satisfy specific needs of people during the trip. The motivational basis of the festival tourism is the desire of people to visit new places, regions and events in the world, including festivals. The article analyzes the main factors of the development of festival tourism in the second half of the 20th century after the end of the Second World War. Six main groups of factors are determined, in particular: civilization, sociological and psychological factors; economic factors; political factors; technological factors; ecological factors and tourism as a factor in festival development. It was established that the progress of civilization and higher incomes made it possible to satisfy the basic social needs in the highly developed countries, as well as to concentrate on high-level needs, including those connected with culture and entertainment, thus, also with festivals. The collapse of the USSR and the democratization of the post-communist countries in Europe caused the appearance of a new cultural and entertainment activity. Moreover, the authorities began to take more and more responsibility for the socioeconomic development of cities and regions, including the cultural aspect, which in turn resulted in promotion of local festivals. The development of transport infrastructure and modern information technologies has also positively contributed to the development of festival tourism. The ecological approach to life and to civilization in general is considered to be an important factor in the development of festival tourism in recent years.

scholarly journals Economy of a large city: structural transformations in the era of global changes

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Viktor Borshchevskyy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Large City ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Large Cities

The paper outlines the features of structural transformations in the economy of large cities in conditions of globalization. Special attention is paid to finding priority directions and mechanisms of impact of global economic changes on evolutionary advances in economic structure of large cities. The decisive role of large cities in economic development of contemporary states is emphasized. The processes are accompanied by constant growth of the share of urban population and concentration of growing economic capacity in cities. Moreover, more and more metropolises and global cities emerge. Their major advantage is a high concentration level of production capacities and capital as well as significant human capacity, which promotes innovative development of various sectors of urban economy, mostly energy, information technologies, transport, household services, leisure and banking sector, etc. The following problems are defined as the most essential of those faced by large cities in the era of globalization: deteriorating quality of social capital, growing security challenges, growing risks of technological disasters, deteriorating quality of environment and environmental situation in general, growing load on engineering and social infrastructure, need to secure constant supply of sufficient volumes of drinking water and food. The paper proves that the priority directions of economy development in large cities in the era of globalization is to improve the mobility of population, improve living conditions and meet high standards of citizens’ household comfort, form innovative information-communication networks, establish qualitative planning of urban space, solve ecological problems, namely through renewable energy and prioritization of environmental protection. Recommendations regarding top priority measures of adaptation of large Ukrainian cities to modern requirements of globalization based on the experience of the most developed countries in the world are suggested. In particular, the authors emphasize the need to increase the volumes of investment in the development of information technologies and activation of digitalization of urban space due to releasing the share of budget resources currently inefficiently used and directing them on meeting social needs of citizens.

On Internet-Based Translation Teaching Mode Reform and Practical Translation Talents Cultivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1042 ◽  
pp. 290-295
Author(s):  
Dong Feng Ge ◽  
Xiao Huan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Teaching Mode ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
High Level

Along with the rapid socioeconomic development and the steady growth of science and culture, there appears a growing demand from the society and the market for high-level and high-quality translators. However, in the traditional teaching mode, which cannot meet the social needs for qualified translators, the cultivation of translators is isolated from the social demands, leading to the increasing contradiction between supply and demand. This paper will, based on the current state of the course of translation for foreign language majors in our college, discuss the teaching mode reform of translation from the aspects of curriculum, teaching method reform, elevation of teachers’ professional attainment, and textbook compilation, aiming to foster practical translators with solid professional background, good language and culture knowledge, and innovation spirit.

scholarly journals Paradoxes of The Russian Digitalization Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-134
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Lukashov ◽  
◽  
Svetlana S. Lukashova ◽  
Yuri V. Latov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
National Programs

The Russian Federation is in the process of forming an «information society», which includes information and computer technologies as its external attributes. The process of informatization is developing in three main areas-education, work, and interaction between government and civil society – based on national programs, primarily «Electronic Russia» and its continuation. However, their implementation in Russia is characterized by a number of contradictions between the real tasks of ensuring sustainable development of the Russian Federation and formal settings for the growth of formal indicators of Informatization. As a result, the Russian Federation may fall further behind the technologically developed countries of the world, both in terms of the level of information support for the economy and public relations, and in terms of the level of information technologies development themselves. To remedy the situation, it is proposed to take measures to change the practice of goal-setting, to serve the interests of production, public administration and social needs.

scholarly journals Internet-marketing as composition of the electronic commerce

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (86) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
M. Dorosh-Kizym ◽  
O. Dadak ◽  
T. Gachek
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

At the present stage of civilization, information plays a key role in the functioning of public, state institutions and in the life of each individual. The rapid development of modern information technologies plays an important role in various spheres of life, activates civil and business turnover and promotes the movement of entrepreneurship in the direction of globalization. In connection with the continuous development of information networks, there are new social institutions, such as e-commerce. At present, the leading economies of the world and highly developed countries demonstrate the rapid development of electronic trading mechanisms, moreover, information technologies are actively used in all sectors of the modern world the economy. Therefore, society gradually evolves, adapts to changes and goes to a noticeably high level of economic relations. And from that how fast the changes in mechanisms in the traditional form of trade depend the efficiency of introducing electronic technologies into the economy. The global e-commerce market is growing year by year. This is facilitated by the deeper penetration of the World Wide Web in different regions and the growth of online sales in the existing markets. The Internet network is an entire industry that quickly penetrates all areas of human activity. Right now, this industry is in a rapid growth phase. A huge number of companies around the world see the Internet a great commercial potential and the ability to move their business to a qualitatively new level. In most countries, e-commerce has become widespread and has opened up incredible opportunities for business and economic development. Annually, the global e-commerce market is growing. This is due to the fact that information technology is taking on an increasingly important role in the life of a modern person. Ukraine is trying to meet world progress, but in the development of e-commerce is far behind the others. Undoubtedly, in our country there are favorable preconditions for the development of e-commerce. At the same time, there are a number of factors that are serious problems for the domestic development of this type of business. In recent years, e-commerce has been able to penetrate practically all spheres of life of the population and in Ukraine. The domestic e-commerce market is only at the inception stage, but at the same time it has a significant potential for development. According to expert estimates, in the past 2017, the turnover of physical goods and services in e-commerce has increased by 30% and now makes at least UAH 50 billion. In 2018, the growth rate will continue and the turnover of physical goods and services in e-commerce will be about 65 billion USD.

Per Pinstrup-Anderson, Alan Berg and Martin"Forman (eds.). International Agricultural Research and Human Nutrition. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute, and Rome: UN Administrative Committee on Coordination/ Sub-Committee on Nutrition. 1984. xvii+326 pp.Paperback edition.

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-224
Author(s):  
Sohail Jehangir Malik
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Land Saving

During the last few decades there has been a sharp transition in economic doctrine, within the context of economic growth, on the relative contributions of agriculture and industrial development. There has been a shift away from the earlier 'industrial fundamentalism' to an emphasis on the significance of growth in agricultural productivity and production. The focus, especially in the context of the present-day less developed countries like Pakistan, has sharpened with the rapid growth in demand for food, resulting from the increasing growth in population and the high income-elasticities of the demand for food. Coupled with this is the transition from resource-based agriculture to science-based agriculture. Agricultural economists are unanimous in the view that by the end of this century all increases in world food production will come from higher yields, i.e. increased output per hectare. This increasing emphasis on 'land-saving' technology to increase productivity and production has resuited from the growing population pressures on land and declining land-man ratios. Agricultural research has come to the fore in providing technologies that increase productivity and production. However, these technologies do not explicitly take into account the equity aspects of the problem. The extent to which the poor gain or lose from the introduction of a new agricultural technology depends on a host of complex and interrelated socio-economic and political factors such as the existing distribution of productive resources, access to modem inputs, the structure of the market, etc.

KAZAKH MUSIC CULTURE ON THE GLOBALIZATION CROSSROADS: ETHNIC TRADITIONS VERSUS COMPOSER SCHOOL IN INTERCULTURAL INTERACTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
A. Raimkulova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Intercultural Interaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type

At the present stage, Kazakh musical culture is heterogeneous. It represents traditions coexisting at the same time and interacting with each other: Kazakh ethnic and newly established composer school (tradition). Examining changes in cultural landscapes of the 20th century I reveal the peculiarities of interaction and dialogue between two kinds of culture: ethnic and global (endogenous and exogenous). The procedures include the complex study of the history of Kazakh culture in the 20th century, stylistic analysis of traditional and composer’s music, semiotic approach to intercultural interaction, as far as a comparative analysis of oral and written music of 19th and 20th centuries. On one hand, dramatic changes in the structure of music culture were caused by external objective reasons: new industrial and postindustrial civilization phases (urbanization and information technologies); intensification of interaction with western (mainly Russian) cultures, etc. On the other hand, some changes were inspired by inner factors: diverse development of local song and kui (dombyra piece) traditions; Soviet cultural policy. As a result new type (or layer) of national culture – Kazakh composers’ music – appeared. It was connected with the formation of a national style based on transcriptions and borrowing. Traditional music was influenced by new social institutions (philharmonic halls, theatres, radio, conservatoire) that caused changes in the creative process (decrease of oral transmission, lack of traditional social context) as well as in the style (virtuoso performance, new genres of songs).

Global warming influences dynamics of plague’s epidemic manifestations in XX-XXI centuries

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
E.S. Zenkevich ◽  
N.V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
High Level

During the second half of 20th century, a high level of plague incidence in the world was in 1960–1979 and 1990–2009. The significant decrease of infection cases was in 1950–1959, 1980–1989, 2010–2015. It is noticed, that the observed cyclical nature of the alternation of high and low incidence plague’s periods, in many respects related to modern trend of climate fluctuations.

scholarly journals Integrating Social Determinants of Health to Precision Medicine through Digital Transformation: An Exploratory Roadmap

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 5018
Author(s):  
Ik-Whan G. Kwon ◽  
Sung-Ho Kim ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Collaborative Tools ◽  
High Level

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered healthcare delivery platforms from traditional face-to-face formats to online care through digital tools. The healthcare industry saw a rapid adoption of digital collaborative tools to provide care to patients, regardless of where patients or clinicians were located, while mitigating the risk of exposure to the coronavirus. Information technologies now allow healthcare providers to continue a high level of care for their patients through virtual visits, and to collaborate with other providers in the networks. Population health can be improved by social determinants of health and precision medicine working together. However, these two health-enhancing constructs work independently, resulting in suboptimal health results. This paper argues that artificial intelligence can provide clinical–community linkage that enhances overall population health. An exploratory roadmap is proposed.

scholarly journals Inequalities in the Global Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease Due to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis of Trends from 1990 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4723
Author(s):  
Nóra Kovács ◽  
Attila Nagy ◽  
Viktor Dombrádi ◽  
Klára Bíró
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Developed Countries

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the burden of complications are increasing worldwide. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one serious complication. Our aim was to investigate the trends and inequalities of the burden of CKD due to T2DM between 1990 and 2019. Data were obtained from the Global Health Data Exchange database. Age-standardized incidence, mortality, and DALYs rates of CKD were used to estimate the disease burden across the Human Development Index (HDI). Joinpoint regression was performed to assess changes in trend, and the Gini coefficient was used to assess health inequality. A higher incidence was observed in more developed countries (p < 0.001), while higher mortality and DALYs rates were experienced in low and middle HDI countries in 2019 (p < 0.001). The trend of incidence has increased since 1990 (AAPC: 0.9–1.5%), while slight decrease was observed in low HDI countries in mortality (APC: −0.1%) and DALYs (APC: −0.2%). The Gini coefficients of CKD incidence decreased from 0.25 in 2006 to 0.23 in 2019. The socioeconomic development was associated with disease burden. Our findings indicate that awareness of complications should be improved in countries with high incidence, and cost-effective preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools are necessary to implement in less developed regions.

scholarly journals Nutrition and cancer – global and African perspectives: a focused update

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
The World ◽  
Nutritional Transition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lower Income Countries

The burden of cancer worldwide is predicted to almost double by 2030 to nearly 23 million cases annually. The great majority of this increase is expected to occur in less economically developed countries, where access to expensive medical, surgical and radiotherapeutic interventions is likely to be limited to a small proportion of the population. This emphasises the need for preventive measures, as outlined in the declaration from the United Nations 2011 High Level Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases. The rise in incidence is proposed to follow from increasing numbers of people reaching middle and older ages, together with increasing urbanisation of the population with a nutritional transition from traditional diets to a more globalised ‘Western’ pattern, with a decrease in physical activity. This is also expected to effect a change in the pattern of cancers from a predominantly smoking and infection dominated one, to a smoking and obesity dominated one. The World Cancer Research Fund estimates that about a quarter to a third of the commonest cancers are attributable to excess body weight, physical inactivity and poor diet, making this the most common cause of cancers after smoking. These cancers are potentially preventable, but knowledge of the causes of cancer has not led to effective policies to prevent the export of a ‘Western’ pattern of cancers in lower income countries such as many in Africa.

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