Increased methylation of gene promoters in the trophoblast of spontaneous miscarriages with trisomy 16

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
С.А. Васильев ◽  
Е.Н. Толмачева ◽  
О.Ю. Васильева ◽  
Т.В. Никитина ◽  
Е.А. Саженова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Trisomy 16 ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Hypermethylated Genes

Обнаружен повышенный уровень нарушений эпигенетической регуляции экспрессии генов в трофобласте хориона спонтанных абортусов с трисомией 16. Среди гиперметилированных генов была значимо обогащена группа генов секретируемых белков, значительное количество генов кодировали рецепторы и транскрипционные факторы. Гиперметилирование выявленных генов является потенциальной причиной гибели эмбрионов с трисомией 16 на ранних стадиях развития. An increased level of abnormal epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the trophoblast of spontaneous miscarriages with trisomy 16 was found. Among the hypermethylated genes, the group of genes of secreted proteins was significantly enriched, and a significant number of genes encoded receptors and transcription factors. Hypermethylation of the identified genes is a potential cause of death of embryos with trisomy 16 in the early stages of development.

scholarly journals Interaction between early in ovo stimulation of the gut microbiota and chicken host – splenic changes in gene expression and methylation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dunislawska ◽  
A. Slawinska ◽  
M. Gryzinska ◽  
M. Siwek
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Global Methylation ◽  
D 12 ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Abstract Background Epigenetic regulation of the gene expression results from interaction between the external environment and transcription of the genetic information encoded in DNA. Methylated CpG regions within the gene promoters lead to silencing of the gene expression in most cases. Factors contributing to epigenetic regulation include intestinal microbiota, which in chicken can be potently modified by in ovo stimulation. The main aim of this study was to determine global and specific methylation patterns of the spleen under the influence of host-microbiome interaction. Results Fertilized eggs of two genotypes: Ross 308 and Green-legged Partridgelike were in ovo stimulated on d 12 of incubation. The injected compounds were as follows: probiotic – Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris IBB477, prebiotic – galactooligosaccharides, and synbiotic – combination of both. Chickens were sacrificed on d 42 post-hatching. Spleen was collected, RNA and DNA were isolated and intended to gene expression, gene methylation and global methylation analysis. We have proved that negative regulation of gene expression after administration of bioactive substances in ovo might have epigenetic character. Epigenetic changes depend on the genotype and the substance administered in ovo. Conclusion Epigenetic nature of microbial reprogramming in poultry and extension of issues related to host-microbiome interaction is a new direction of this research.

scholarly journals Interaction Between Early in Ovo Stimulation of the Gut Microbiota and Chicken Host – Splenic Changes in Gene Expression and Methylation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dunislawska ◽  
Anna Slawinska ◽  
Magdalena Gryzinska ◽  
Maria Siwek
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Global Methylation ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Rna And Dna

Abstract Epigenetic regulation of the gene expression results from interaction between the external environment and transcription of the genetic information encoded in DNA. Methylated CpG regions within the gene promoters lead to silencing of the gene expression. Factors contributing to epigenetic regulation include intestinal microbiota, which in chicken can be potently modified by in ovo stimulation. The main aim of this study was to determine global and specific methylation patterns for the spleen under the influence of host-microbiome interaction. Incubating eggs were in ovo stimulated on day 12 of incubation in two chicken genotypes: Ross broilers and Green-legged Partridgelike. The injected compounds included: probiotic – Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, prebiotic – galactooligosaccharides, and synbiotic – combination of both. Chickens were sacrificed on day 42 post-hatching. Spleen was collected, RNA and DNA were isolated and intended to gene expression, gene methylation and global methylation analysis. We have proved that negative regulation of gene expression after administration of bioactive substances in ovo might have epigenetic character. Epigenetic changes depend on the genotype and the substance administered in ovo. Epigenetic nature of microbial reprogramming in poultry and extension of issues related to host-microbiome interaction is a new direction of this research.

scholarly journals Interaction between Early in Ovo Stimulation of the Gut Microbiota and Chicken Host – Splenic Changes in Gene Expression and Methylation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dunislawska ◽  
Anna Slawinska ◽  
Magdalena Gryzinska ◽  
Maria Siwek
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Global Methylation ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Rna And Dna

Abstract Background: Epigenetic regulation of the gene expression results from interaction between the external environment and transcription of the genetic information encoded in DNA. Methylated CpG regions within the gene promoters lead to silencing of the gene expression. Factors contributing to epigenetic regulation include intestinal microbiota, which in chicken can be potently modified by in ovo stimulation. The main aim of this study was to determine global and specific methylation patterns for the spleen under the influence of host-microbiome interaction. Results: Incubating eggs were in ovo stimulated on day 12 of incubation in two chicken genotypes: Ross broilers and Green-legged Partridgelike. The injected compounds included: probiotic – Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, prebiotic – galactooligosaccharides, and synbiotic – combination of both. Chickens were sacrificed on day 42 post-hatching. Spleen was collected, RNA and DNA were isolated and intended to gene expression, gene methylation and global methylation analysis. We have proved that negative regulation of gene expression after administration of bioactive substances in ovo might have epigenetic character. Epigenetic changes depend on the genotype and the substance administered in ovo. Conclusion: Epigenetic nature of microbial reprogramming in poultry and extension of issues related to host-microbiome interaction is a new direction of this research.

scholarly journals Transcription Factors as the “Blitzkrieg” of Plant Defense: A Pragmatic View of Nitric Oxide’s Role in Gene Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Noreen Falak ◽  
Qari Muhammad Imran ◽  
Adil Hussain ◽  
Byung-Wook Yun
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Transcriptional Changes

Plants are in continuous conflict with the environmental constraints and their sessile nature demands a fine-tuned, well-designed defense mechanism that can cope with a multitude of biotic and abiotic assaults. Therefore, plants have developed innate immunity, R-gene-mediated resistance, and systemic acquired resistance to ensure their survival. Transcription factors (TFs) are among the most important genetic components for the regulation of gene expression and several other biological processes. They bind to specific sequences in the DNA called transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) that are present in the regulatory regions of genes. Depending on the environmental conditions, TFs can either enhance or suppress transcriptional processes. In the last couple of decades, nitric oxide (NO) emerged as a crucial molecule for signaling and regulating biological processes. Here, we have overviewed the plant defense system, the role of TFs in mediating the defense response, and that how NO can manipulate transcriptional changes including direct post-translational modifications of TFs. We also propose that NO might regulate gene expression by regulating the recruitment of RNA polymerase during transcription.

scholarly journals Interplay between cofactors and transcription factors in hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Wang ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Yanan Li ◽  
Hongling Peng ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Hematologic Disorders ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Transcription Complexes ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractHematopoiesis requires finely tuned regulation of gene expression at each stage of development. The regulation of gene transcription involves not only individual transcription factors (TFs) but also transcription complexes (TCs) composed of transcription factor(s) and multisubunit cofactors. In their normal compositions, TCs orchestrate lineage-specific patterns of gene expression and ensure the production of the correct proportions of individual cell lineages during hematopoiesis. The integration of posttranslational and conformational modifications in the chromatin landscape, nucleosomes, histones and interacting components via the cofactor–TF interplay is critical to optimal TF activity. Mutations or translocations of cofactor genes are expected to alter cofactor–TF interactions, which may be causative for the pathogenesis of various hematologic disorders. Blocking TF oncogenic activity in hematologic disorders through targeting cofactors in aberrant complexes has been an exciting therapeutic strategy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the models and functions of cofactor–TF interplay in physiological hematopoiesis and highlight their implications in the etiology of hematological malignancies. This review presents a deep insight into the physiological and pathological implications of transcription machinery in the blood system.

scholarly journals Minireview: Transcriptional Regulation in Development of Bone

Endocrinology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 1012-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Henry Kronenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Multiple Differentiation

Regulation of gene expression by transcription factors is one of the major mechanisms for controlling cellular functions. Recent advances in genetic manipulation of model animals has allowed the study of the roles of various genes and their products in physiological settings and has demonstrated the importance of specific transcription factors in bone development. Three lineages of bone cells, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, develop and differentiate according to their distinct developmental programs. These cells go through multiple differentiation stages, which are often regulated by specific transcription factors. In this minireview, we will discuss selected transcription factors that have been demonstrated to critically affect bone cell development. Further study of these molecules will lead to deeper understanding in mechanisms that govern development of bone.

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