scholarly journals Токсичность молекул и мицелл стабилизатора наночастиц серебра в исследовании их действия на клетки эндотелия

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Kaba ◽  
E.M. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Solution Methods ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
Corrected Data ◽  
Ea.Hy926 Cells ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Insight Into

Актуальность. Определяли цитотоксичность растворов анионного поверхностно-активного вещества (ПАВ) аэрозоля-ОТ (АОТ), используемого в качестве стабилизатора наночастиц серебра (НЧС), в экспериментах на клетках эндотелия. Цель работы: выявить отдельные вклады мономеров и мицелл стабилизатора в токсическое действие растворов наночастиц. Методы. Цитотоксичность оценивали с помощью МТТ-теста по изменениям жизнеспособности эндотелиальных клеток линии EA.hy926 после 24-часовой инкубации с растворами АОТ. При этом учитывали влияние ионной силы на критическую концентрацию мицеллообразования (ККМ) и соответственно, на соотношение мономеров и мицелл АОТ в растворе НЧС. Результаты. Получены скорректированные данные по цитотоксичности АОТ в составе раствора НЧС, которые позволили оценить отдельные вклады мономеров и мицелл АОТ в общий эффект препарата наносеребра. Выводы. Предложенный нами методологический подход даёт возможность более точно оценивать токсичность водных растворов заряженных ПАВ, а также продвинуться в понимании механизма их действия на живые организмы как в качестве стабилизаторов наночастиц, так и в качестве антивирусных или антибактериальных средств для наружного применения в медицинской практике.Background. Cytotoxicity of anionic surfactant aerosol-OT (AOT) used as a stabilizer of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was studied on endothelial cells. The aim: to determine individual contributions of AOT monomers and micelles to the toxic effect of AgNPs solution. Methods. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay by changes in viability of EA.hy926 cells after 24-h incubation with AOT solutions. Experiments were performed with regard for the influence of ionic strength on the micelle critical concentration (and thus, on monomer-micelle ratio) of AOT in the AgNPs solution. Results. The study provided corrected data on cytotoxicity of the AOT present in the AgNPs solution, which allowed estimating individual contributions of monomers and micelles to the total toxic effect of nanoparticle solution. Conclusions. The proposed methodological approach provides more accurate estimation of charged surfactant toxicity and a better insight into the mechanism of their toxic effect on living organisms in using the charged surfactants either as nanoparticle stabilizers or as antiviral and antibacterial agents for external use in medical practice.

scholarly journals Detecting Convergence Trends among EU Universities

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Maria Adamakou ◽  
Dimitris Kallioras ◽  
George Petrakos
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
University Ranking ◽  
Convergence Clubs ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Insight Into

Universities are emerging growth determinants. This is so as, in addition to the fulfillment of their traditional role in teaching and (basic) research, universities, as aptly described within the helix framework, are expected to engage in regional development processes. The paper aims to detect trends of convergence among EU universities in terms of performance. To the best of our knowledge, this topic has not hitherto been examined. The empirical analysis of the paper covers the period 2014–2021, utilizes data obtained from URAP (University Ranking by Academic Performance), and employs the methodological approach of convergence clubs. The findings of the paper provide valuable insight into both theory and policy-making. We conclude that despite the unification of EU educational space, trends of divergence among EU universities are still present, and notable divisions still remain. Consequently, this indicates that the impact of EU universities on the formation of spatial disparities across EU space is not neutral.

scholarly journals Geo-Spatial Analysis of Population Density and Annual Income to Identify Large-Scale Socio-Demographic Disparities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Nicolai Moos ◽  
Carsten Juergens ◽  
Andreas P. Redecker
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Postal Code ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Insight Into

This paper describes a methodological approach that is able to analyse socio-demographic and -economic data in large-scale spatial detail. Based on the two variables, population density and annual income, one investigates the spatial relationship of these variables to identify locations of imbalance or disparities assisted by bivariate choropleth maps. The aim is to gain a deeper insight into spatial components of socioeconomic nexuses, such as the relationships between the two variables, especially for high-resolution spatial units. The used methodology is able to assist political decision-making, target group advertising in the field of geo-marketing and for the site searches of new shop locations, as well as further socioeconomic research and urban planning. The developed methodology was tested in a national case study in Germany and is easily transferrable to other countries with comparable datasets. The analysis was carried out utilising data about population density and average annual income linked to spatially referenced polygons of postal codes. These were disaggregated initially via a readapted three-class dasymetric mapping approach and allocated to large-scale city block polygons. Univariate and bivariate choropleth maps generated from the resulting datasets were then used to identify and compare spatial economic disparities for a study area in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany. Subsequently, based on these variables, a multivariate clustering approach was conducted for a demonstration area in Dortmund. In the result, it was obvious that the spatially disaggregated data allow more detailed insight into spatial patterns of socioeconomic attributes than the coarser data related to postal code polygons.

Transition Experiences of Indian Nurses Into Australian Mental Health System

2021 ◽  
pp. 104365962110263
Author(s):  
Bindu Joseph ◽  
Michael Olasoji ◽  
Cheryl Moss ◽  
Wendy Cross
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Mental Health System ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Hermeneutic Phenomenology ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transition Experience ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction: In the past decade, there has been an influx of migrant nurses from India to Australia. Migrant professionals have specific transition needs associated with working in Mental Health (MH). This study aimed to explore the transition experience of overseas trained nurses from India working in Australian MH settings. Method: Hermeneutic phenomenology was the methodological approach used in the study. The participants ( N = 16) were overseas trained nurses from India. Data were collected through in-depth interview and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings resulted in the identification of the following themes: (1) Living in dual culture, (2) Loneliness, (3) Discrimination, and (4) Feeling incomplete. Discussion: It is evident that the transition to work in MH in Australia was a journey of mixed experiences. While certain findings of this study are comparable with experiences of migrant nurses in other settings, it provides insight into those that are working in MH.

scholarly journals The Communication of Ideas across Subfields in Political Science

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 468-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin R. Graham ◽  
Charles R. Shipan ◽  
Craig Volden
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Levels Of Integration

ABSTRACTWhat factors inhibit or facilitate cross-subfield conversations in political science? This article draws on diffusion scholarship to gain insight into cross-subfield communication. Diffusion scholarship represents a case where such communication might be expected, given that similar diffusion processes are analyzed in American politics, comparative politics, and international relations. We identify nearly 800 journal articles published on diffusion within political science between 1958 and 2008. Using network analysis we investigate the degree to which three “common culprits”—terminology, methodological approach, and journal type—influence levels of integration. We find the highest levels of integration among scholars using similar terms to describe diffusion processes, sharing a methodological approach (especially in quantitative scholarship), and publishing in a common set of subfield journals. These findings shed light on when cross-subfield communication is likely to occur with ease and when barriers may prove prohibitive.

scholarly journals Fuel Consumption Prediction for Construction Trucks: A Noninvasive Approach Using Dedicated Sensors and Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Pereira ◽  
Manuel Parente ◽  
João Moutinho ◽  
Manuel Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Consumption Prediction ◽  
Insight Into

Decision support and optimization tools to be used in construction often require an accurate estimation of the cost variables to maximize their benefit. Heavy machinery is traditionally one of the greatest costs to consider mainly due to fuel consumption. These typically diesel-powered machines have a great variability of fuel consumption depending on the scenario of utilization. This paper describes the creation of a framework aiming to estimate the fuel consumption of construction trucks depending on the carried load, the slope, the distance, and the pavement type. Having a more accurate estimation will increase the benefit of these optimization tools. The fuel consumption estimation model was developed using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms supported by data, which were gathered through several sensors, in a specially designed datalogger with wireless communication and opportunistic synchronization, in a real context experiment. The results demonstrated the viability of the method, providing important insight into the advantages associated with the combination of sensorization and the machine learning models in a real-world construction setting. Ultimately, this study comprises a significant step towards the achievement of IoT implementation from a Construction 4.0 viewpoint, especially when considering its potential for real-time and digital twins applications.

scholarly journals Методичні підходи до оцінки впливу ксенобіотиків на білкові молекули

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
M. V. Gorelaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Isoelectric Point ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Protein Molecules ◽  
Immunochemical Methods ◽  
Xenobiotic Compounds ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

It was tested and integrated the methodological approach to the research of xenobiotic compounds impact on protein molecules. For this purpose three groups of research methods were used: turbidimetry, immunochemistry and study of the impact on isoelectric point of proteins. The immunochemical methods are most specific. The turbidimetric methods are fastest and informative. Actually, the proposed methodological approach is integrated and versatile. These methods are effective for studying the xenobiotic influence on proteins in living organisms on the assumption of its complex applications. It was proved that this methodological approach is adequate, informative and easy to use. 

scholarly journals Scientific methods of public administration in migration research

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
András László Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Migration Research ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given ◽  
Insight Into

In my study, I list the directions of migration research, all from the point of view of public administration science. The emergence of migration research as an independent field is necessitated by the growth of migration. Researchers are researching the phenomenon of migration from their own field. Public administration uses a multidisciplinary, i.e. methodological approach of several disciplines, all of which is determined by the knowledge and nature of the subject of the given research. In the following, I review and evaluate the methodological directions of the research, which can provide an answer to a segment of the phenomenon of migration. The study gives an insight into research methods for migration research. It is not intended to present specific examples and procedures. At the end of the study, in possible directions, beyond the science of public administration, I list the organizations and faculties that are able to use the methodology of migration research.

Obuke nastavnika kao doprinos jačanju kapaciteta za razvoj osnovnog obrazovanja odraslih u Bosni i Hercegovini

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1_2 2020) ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
Violeta Orlović Lovren ◽  
Jovan Miljković ◽  
Svjetlana Tubić
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
Education Association ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
German Adult

The paper is dedicated to the analysis of the effects from teacher trainings which were developed and applied in Bosnia in Herzegovina (B&H), as a project activity within the larger project titled ''Support for adult education: subsequent acquisition of elementary adult education'', which was implemented during 2012-2013 by the GIZ and the Institute for International Cooperation of German Adult Education Association (DVV International), Office in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The reasons for initiating this training and the analysis of its effects are considered in a specific socio-historical and educational-political context, in order to analyze not only the inherited problems of illiteracy, but also the conditions in which the capacity for their resolution and building of a system of adult education are developing today. The methodological approach and findings of the research are presented, which is based on estimates of the teachers on the effects of the training in which they participated. Bearing in mind the insight into the context and findings of the research, possible directions for improvement in this field are suggested.

scholarly journals Polyacrylamide Bead Sensors for in vivo Quantification of Cell-Scale Stress in Zebrafish Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Träber ◽  
K. Uhlmann ◽  
S. Girardo ◽  
G. Kesavan ◽  
K. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Quantitative Investigation ◽  
Pulsatile Pressure ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Stress Sensing ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractMechanical stress exerted and experienced by cells during tissue morphogenesis and organ formation plays an important role in embryonic development. While techniques to quantify mechanical stresses in vitro are available, few methods exist for studying stresses in living organisms. Here, we describe and characterize cell-like polyacrylamide (PAAm) bead sensors with well-defined elastic properties and size for in vivo quantification of cell-scale stresses. The beads were injected into developing zebrafish embryos and their deformations were computationally analyzed to delineate spatio-temporal local acting stresses. With this computational analysis-based cell-scale stress sensing (COMPAX) we are able to detect pulsatile pressure propagation in the developing neural rod potentially originating from polarized midline cell divisions and continuous tissue flow. COMPAX is expected to provide novel spatio-temporal insight into developmental processes at the local tissue level and to facilitate quantitative investigation and a better understanding of morphogenetic processes.

scholarly journals In vivo biomimetic calcification of selected organic scaffolds using snail shell regeneration: a new methodological approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Machałowski ◽  
Marcin Wysokowski ◽  
Iaroslav Petrenko ◽  
Enrico Langer ◽  
Dmitry Tsurkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Shell Regeneration ◽  
Cornu Aspersum ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract In vivo biomimetic biomineralization using living organisms known as biomineralizers is currently a major research trend. Industrially cultivated terrestrial snails, such as the common garden snail Cornu aspersum, represent a simple model organism that is ideal for use in experiments on the regeneration of the calcified shell after the excavation of a corresponding shell fragment. The mollusk’s artificially damaged shell is regenerated via the formation of an organic regenerative membrane, which serves as a native template for in vivo biocalcification. In this study, for the first time, a special plexiglass device for non-lethal fixation of living snails, enabling real-time monitoring of their ability to regenerate their shells using digital microscopy, has been proposed and tested. As an alternative to natural biomineralization using the mollusk’s own sources, we propose chitin- and collagen-based templates, which have been shown to be effectively calcified by living snails. The results indicate that the type of organic template used for in vivo biomineralization has a substantial effect on the nature of the mineral phases.

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