Growth and development of domesticated and wild genotypes of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) in the Middle Urals

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
В.А. Волошин
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Wild Genotype ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Stable Yield

В данной статье представлены результаты сравнительной оценки 11 сортов клевера лугового и одного образца-дикороса, проведённой в Пермском НИИ сельского хозяйства в 2018–2019 годах. Все селекционные сорта сформировали полноценные первый и второй укосы или отаву в оба года использования. Дикорастущая форма формировала только один укос, демонстрируя особенность позднеспелого одноукосного типа. Сорта Кретуновский и Ранний 2 показали себя как типичные раннеспелые двухукосные. Другие сорта занимали промежуточное положение. Наибольший сбор сухого вещества обеспечивал образец-дикорос в оба года при крайне различных погодных условиях (1,266 и 1,259 кг/м2 соответственно). Дикорастущая форма и сорт Ранний 2 обеспечивали стабильные урожаи зелёной массы и сухого вещества независимо от возраста и погодных условий. Образец дикорастущего клевера имел более однородный фенотип по сравнению с сортом Пермский местный — стандартом для позднеспелого типа, что указывает на большую генетическую однородность. Согласно всесторонней оценке, включающей степень перезимовки, урожайность зелёной и сухой массы, характер цветения, созревания, формирования и конечный урожай семян, образец-дикорос имеет отличительные признаки позднеспелого (одноукосного) типа и может использоваться в качестве исходного генетического материала для дальнейшей селекции позднеспелых одноукосных сортов клевера лугового, характеризующихся экономически ценными свойствами: высокой устойчивостью к неблагоприятным условиям окружающей среды, высокой и стабильной урожайностью зелёной массы и семян. Исследования будут продолжены с оценкой ряда образцов дикорастущих форм клевера лугового, обнаруженных в 2019 году в природных биоценозах Пермского края. This article deals with the competitive trial of 11 varieties and 1 wild genotype of red clover conducted at the Research Institute of Agriculture in 2018–2019. All the varieties provided good yields of green mass both in the first and second cuts. Wild genotype provided only one cut as long-season one-cut type. “Kretunovskiy” and “Ranniy 2” performed as typical short-season two-cut varieties. Wild genotype produced the highest yield of dry matter (DM) under contrast weather conditions (1.266 and 1.259 kg/m2, respectively). Wild genotype and “Ranniy 2” formed stable yields of green mass and DM regardless of time period and weather. Wild genotype showed homogeneous phenotype compared to “Permskiy mestnyy” — long-season standard variety indicating high genetic uniformity. Such traits as winter hardiness, green and dry mass yields, flowering pattern, seed maturation, formation and production were evaluated. According to this evaluation wild genotype performed as long-season (one-cut) type showing high resistance to unfavorable conditions, high and stable yield of green mass and seeds. Therefore, it can be used a source of economically important traits for future breeding programs of red clover. Further investigations will focus on the evaluation of wild genotypes of red clover found in the Perm region in 2019.

scholarly journals Variety, time of harvest and conditions during growing season have impact on red clover isoflavone content

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Arja Mustonen ◽  
Mikko Tuori ◽  
Päivi Kurki ◽  
Mika Isolahti ◽  
Juhani Taponen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biochanin A ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Isoflavone Content ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is the predominant legume used in northern European agriculture. Official red clover variety trials are conducted by Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) to determine the value of field crop varieties. The trials used for the current analysis were conducted in Luke units in southern Finland (Mikkeli) and northern Finland (Ruukki) in two consecutive years. Plant samples for isoflavone analyses were collected from four varieties grown as four replicates and harvested twice during both growing seasons. The four main isoflavones biochanin A, genistein, daidzein and formononetin were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography. Total phytoestrogen content in the varieties varied in the range of 11.2−14.8 mg g-1 dry matter (DM). The variety and the time of harvest had most effect on the isoflavone, especially formononetin, contents of red clover. A more northern growing area and challenging weather conditions were associated with increased isoflavone concentrations.

scholarly journals Red clover productivity affected by climatic conditions of the Middle Urals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Н. Зезин ◽  
П.А. Постников ◽  
М.А. Тормозин ◽  
А.Б. Пономарёв
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Исследования по влиянию климатических условий на урожайность зелёной массы клевера лугового проведены в ФГБНУ «УрФАНИЦ УрО РАН» в 2007–2019 годах на тёмно-серой лесной тяжелосуглинистой почве. Целью данного исследования было выявление зависимости урожайности клевера лугового от климатических условий и последействия разных фонов удобрений в полевом севообороте. Анализ потенциальной продуктивности клевера и его ресурсной средообразующей роли осуществлён на основании полученных данных в трёх последних ротациях с 2007 по 2019 год в зернотравяном севообороте: 1. однолетние травы, поукосно рапс; 2. ячмень с подсевом клевера; 3. клевер 1-го года пользования; 4. пшеница; 5. овёс. В исследованиях применены три фона питания: 1. без удобрений (контроль); 2. минеральный фон (с применением умеренных доз минеральных удобрений из расчёта N30Р30К36 на каждый гектар севооборотной площади. Из 13 лет исследований большинство лет (77%) были умеренно влажными и влажнымми, а 23% — жаркими и засушливыми. При одногодичном использовании клевера основным лимитирующим фактором являлась влажность. Урожайность клевера зависела больше от степени увлажнения: максимальный сбор зелёной массы (25–30 т/га) получен при гидротермическом коэффициенте за вегетационный период более 1,1. В меньшей степени урожайность клевера зависела от последействия удобрений. При переходе от минерального к органоминеральному фону питания наблюдалась небольшая тенденция увеличения урожайности клевера лугового. Прибавка от внесения удобрений под покровную культуру во влажные годы не превышала 25%, что говорит о возможности возделывания клевера на окультуренных почвах без применения минеральных удобрений. Основную массу клевер формировал в первом укосе. Из 13 лет исследований вследствие засушливых условий дважды — в 2010 и 2012 годах — второй укос не сформировался, а после перезимовки 2016–2017 годов клевер полностью выпал. Урожайность первого укоса находилась в прямой корреляционной зависимости от степени увлажнения и в обратной — от суммы положительных температур. Investigations were conducted at the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural branch RAS in 2007–2019. They focused on the effect of environment on green mass yield of red clover. Soil — dark grey with high clay content. The aim was to test the correlation between red clover productivity and weather conditions under different nutrient status in crop rotation. The data was collected from three crop rotations: 1. Annual grasses, postcut rapeseed; 2. clover overseeded into barley; 3. fist-year clover; 4. wheat; 5. oats. Most years (77%) were moderately humid and humid, 23% — hot and arid. Humidity influenced clover yield the most. The highest yield of green mass (25–30 t ha-1) occurred when hydrothermic coefficient exceeded 1.1. Fertilizers had less effect on crop performance. Combination of organic and mineral fertilizers slightly improved clover productivity. Yield increase reached 25% after cover crop fertilization in humid years indicating the irrelevance of clover cultivation on a mineral background. Clover yielded the best in the first cut. In 2010 and 2012 clover regrew poorly due to dry weather. In 2016–2017 clover did not germinate after winter. The first cut yield positively correlated with humidity and negatively — with mean daily temperature.

scholarly journals Yield and forage quality of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cultivars in the lowland and the mountain regions

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leto ◽  
M. Knežević ◽  
K. Bošnjak ◽  
D. Maćešić ◽  
Z. Štafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Six Trifolium pratense L. cultivars, five diploid and one tetraploid, were grown in the lowland region (123 m altitude) and the mountain region (650 m altitude). Dry matter (d.m.) and green mass (g.m.) yield, stem height and leaf proportion were assessed from each of the three growing seasons. Chemical composition was assessed from the average samples of all cuts in the second year of the experiment. Greater green mass (54.14 t/ha) and dry matter yield (9.86 t/ha), stem height (0.61 m), crude protein (157.6 g/kg), crude fiber (222.9 g/kg), crude ash (100.68 g/kg) and crude fat (30.09 g/kg) content were observed in the mountain region, compared to the lowland region (45.61 t/ha g.m. 8.92 t/ha d.m. 0.59 stem height, 156.38 g/kg crude protein, 216.6 g/kg crude fiber, 94.85 g/kg crude ash, 24.98 g/kg crude fat). The greater leaf proportion (47.2%) and nitrogen free extract content (420.13 g/kg) were observed in the lowland region compared to the mountain region (42.95% and 402.99 g/kg, respectively). A significant location × cultivar interaction was found for all investigated parameters except for leaf proportion. 

scholarly journals POTENCIJAL PRINOSA GENOTIPOVA CRVENE DJETELIENE (Trifolium pratense L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borislav Petkovic ◽  
◽  
Novo Pržulj ◽  
Vojo Radic ◽  
Darko Acimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
First Year ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Second Year

The aim of this research was to determine the genetic potential for green mass and hay yield of eight red clover genotypes over the two-year period (2010 and 2011). Yields in the first mowing of the first year and the aftermath of the second year did not significantly differ statistically. The highest average yields were gained in the first moving of the second year. The lowest average yields were given by the Viola variety and the highest by the Kolubara

GENETIC SHIFT IN FINNISH TEPA RED CLOVER FROM SEED GROWN IN CANADA AND THE USA

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
OTTO VALLE ◽  
KIRSTI ÄYRÄVÄINEN ◽  
D. A. COOKE ◽  
C. S. GARRISON
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Seed Increase ◽  
Genetic Shift ◽  
Actual Region

Seed lots of the Finnish tetraploid red clover Trifolium pratense L. cult Tepa produced in the USA and Canada were tested in space-planted and solid-seeded trials in Finland to reveal possible changes in cultivar performance that might arise from seed multiplication outside the cultivar’s actual region of adaptation. Despite up to four successive generations of seed increase in the USA, there were, according to the planting-year results of the Finnish trials, only minor changes in the growth type and flowering pattern. In the 2nd year of testing, however, the USA seed lots flowered significantly earlier than the Finnish basic seed lot. The USA seed lots equalled the Finnish-grown ones in winter survival and productivity. The Tepa seed lots from Canada likewise showed only minor cultivar shifts. The seed lots with least change were obtained from Saskatchewan, Canada, and Washington, USA. Since these two areas also produced satisfactory seed yields, they are considered suitable regions for commercial seed production of Tepa.

Comparisons of Floral Response of Seed Lots of Dollard Red Clover, Trifolium pratense L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bula ◽  
R. G. May ◽  
C. S. Garrison ◽  
C. M. Rincker ◽  
J. G. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Influence of destructive bacteria and red clover (trifolium pratense L.) on the pesticides degradation in the soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmira A. Nazarova ◽  
Alexey V. Nazarov ◽  
Daria O. Egorova ◽  
Ludmila N. Anan’ina
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

scholarly journals Volatile Constituents of Trifolium Pratense and T. Repens from N.E. Italian Alpine Pastures

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Tava ◽  
Daniele Ramella ◽  
Maris Grecchi ◽  
Paolo Aceto ◽  
Renato Paoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

The composition of the volatile fraction of two important forage legumes from Italian sub-alpine N.E. pastureland, namely Trifolium pratense L. subsp. pratense (red clover) and T. repens subsp. repens (white clover) were investigated. The volatile oil was obtained from the fresh aerial parts by steam distillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The oil yield was 0.018 and 0.021% (weight/fresh weight basis) for T. pratense and T. repens, respectively. Several classes of compounds were found in both the oils, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, terpenes, esters, hydrocarbons, phenolics and acids. Qualitative and quantitative differences were found.

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