scholarly journals REVERSE OSMOSIS TECHNOLOGIES FOR INDUTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT: STATE OF THE PROBLEM AND CONTROL OF MEMBRANE FOULING

Author(s):  
М.К. Джубари ◽  
Н.В. Алексеева

Многие отрасли промышленности ежедневно производят большие объемы сточных вод, содержащих органические соединения, неорганические соли и взвешенные примеси. Неотъемлемой частью современных промышленных очистных сооружений является система мембранной очистки. Область применения мембранных процессов разделения ограничены рядом требований: отсутствие взвешенных частиц в обрабатываемых водных растворах, имеется ряд ограничений в кислотности и температуре разделяемых растворов. Одной из важнейших задач в обеспечении рентабельности всего процесса обработки является длительный срок службы мембран, которого возможно достичь предотвращением обрастания поверхности мембран. Наиболее распространенным процессом очистки вод является обратноосмотический процесс разделения. В работе рассмотрен процесс осадкообразования на обратноосмотических мембранах, особое внимание уделяется химической очистке. Проведен анализ работ, посвященных вопросу обрастания обратноосмотических мембран в различных растворах. Рассмотрены различные конструкции мембранных элементов, описан механизм переноса через обратноосмотическую мембрану, учитывая явления концентрационной поляризации у поверхности мембраны. Подробно описаны различные способы борьбы с загрязнением мембран в промышленных сточных водах: предварительная обработка, очистка мембран и модификация поверхности. Авторы резюмируют, что состав исходного раствора является важным фактором, влияющим на производительность обратноосмотической установки. Кроме того, предварительная обработка водных растворов перед процессом обратноосмотического разделения приводит к уменьшению обрастания мембранной поверхности и значительно увеличивает срок службы мембранного элемента. Эффективно в качестве процесса предварительной обработки использовать процесс ультрафильтрационного разделения. Many industries produce large volumes of wastewater on a daily basis containing organic compounds, inorganic salts and suspended impurities. An integral part of modern industrial treatment facilities is a membrane cleaning system. The application area of membrane separation processes is limited by a number of requirements: the absence of suspended particles in the treated aqueous solutions, there are a number of limitations in the acidity and temperature of the separated solutions. One of the most important concerns in ensuring the cost-effectiveness of the entire processing process is the long membrane life, which can be achieved by preventing fouling of the membrane surface. The most common water treatment process is the reverse osmosis separation process. The paper considers the process of sedimentation on reverse osmosis membranes, with special attention paid to chemical cleaning. The analysis of works devoted to the issue of fouling of reverse osmosis membranes in various solutions is carried out. Various designs of membrane elements are considered, the mechanism of transfer through a reverse osmosis membrane is described, taking into account the phenomena of concentration polarization at the membrane surface. Various methods for controlling membrane fouling in industrial wastewater are described in detail: pretreatment, membrane cleaning and surface modification. The authors summarize that the composition of the initial solution is an important factor affecting the performance of a reverse osmosis system. In addition, the pretreatment of aqueous solutions before the reverse osmosis separation process leads to a decrease in fouling of the membrane surface and significantly increases the service life of the membrane element. It is effective to use an ultrafiltration separation process as a pretreatment process.

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Z. H. Chang ◽  
Y. H. Teow ◽  
S. P. Yeap ◽  
J. Y. Sum

Forward osmosis (FO) is an osmotically driven membrane separation process. It is potentially applied in various industries for nutrient recovery and water reclamation. Although FO showed a lesser fouling tendency than other pressure-driven membrane processes, the solutes in the feed solution would still deposit on the membrane surface, forming a fouling layer that resists water permeation. For that reason, fouling mitigation is a trending issue in the FO process. A better understanding of the fouling mechanism is required before opting for the appropriate strategy to mitigate it. This article describes the fouling mechanism based on different foulant presented in the feed, followed by a method in relieving fouling in the FO process.


Author(s):  
Xiaolin Jia ◽  
Kuiling Li ◽  
Baoqiang Wang ◽  
ZhiChao Zhao ◽  
Deyin Hou ◽  
...  

Abstract As a thermally induced membrane separation process, membrane distillation (MD) has drawn more and more attention for the advantages of treating hypersaline wastewaters, especially the concentrate from reverse osmosis (RO) process. One of the major obstacles in widespread MD application is the membrane fouling. We investigated the feasibility of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for landfill leachate reverse osmosis concentrate (LFLRO) brine treatment and systematically assessed the efficiency of chemical cleaning for DCMD after processing LFLRO brine. The results showed that 80% water recovery rate was achieved when processing the LFLRO brine by DCMD, but the membrane fouling occurred during the DCMD process, and manifested as the decreasing of permeate flux and the increasing of permeate conductivity. Analysis revealed that the serious flux reduction was primarily caused by the fouling layer that consist of organic matters and inorganic salts. Five cleaning methods were investigated for membrane cleaning, including hydrogen chloride (HCl)-sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-NaOH, critic acid, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) cleaning. Among the chemical cleaning methods investigated, the 3 wt.% SDS cleaning showed the best efficiency at recovering the performance of fouled membranes.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 846
Author(s):  
Aysegul Gul ◽  
Jakub Hruza ◽  
Fatma Yalcinkaya

Membrane fouling is one of the main drawbacks encountered during the practical application of membrane separation processes. Cleaning of a membrane is important to reduce fouling and improve membrane performance. Accordingly, an effective cleaning method is currently of crucial importance for membrane separation processes in water treatment. To clean the fouling and improve the overall efficiency of membranes, deep research on the cleaning procedures is needed. So far, physical, chemical, or combination techniques have been used for membrane cleaning. In the current work, we critically reviewed the fouling mechanisms affecting factors of fouling such as the size of particle or solute; membrane microstructure; the interactions between membrane, solute, and solvent; and porosity of the membrane and also examined cleaning methods of microfiltration (MF) membranes such as physical cleaning and chemical cleaning. Herein, we mainly focused on the chemical cleaning process. Factors affecting the chemical cleaning performance, including cleaning time, the concentration of chemical cleaning, and temperature of the cleaning process, were discussed in detail. This review is carried out to enable a better understanding of the membrane cleaning process for an effective membrane separation process.


Author(s):  
Sina Jahangiri Mamouri ◽  
Volodymyr V. Tarabara ◽  
André Bénard

Deoiling of produced or impaired waters associated with oil and gas production represents a significant challenge for many companies. Centrifugation, air flotation, and hydrocyclone separation are the current methods of oil removal from produced water [1], however the efficiency of these methods decreases dramatically for droplets smaller than approximately 15–20 μm. More effective separation of oil-water mixtures into water and oil phases has the potential to both decrease the environmental footprint of the oil and gas industry and improve human well-being in regions such as the Gulf of Mexico. New membrane separation processes and design of systems with advanced flow management offer tremendous potential for improving oil-water separation efficacy. However, fouling is a major challenge in membrane separation [2]. In this study, the behavior of oil droplets and their interaction with crossflow filtration (CFF) membranes (including membrane fouling) is studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A model for film formation on a membrane surface is proposed for the first time to simulate film formation on membrane surfaces. The bulk multiphase flow is modeled using an Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase flow model. A wall film is developed from mass and momentum balances [3] and implemented to model droplet deposition and membrane surface blockage. The model is used to predict film formation and subsequent membrane fouling, and allow to estimate the actual permeate flux. The results are validated using available experimental data.


Desalination ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 190 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Jun Jung ◽  
Yoshiaki Kiso ◽  
Toshiro Yamada ◽  
Toshiyuki Shibata ◽  
Tae-Gwan Lee

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Morón-López ◽  
Lucía Nieto-Reyes ◽  
Sonia Aguado ◽  
Rehab El-Shehawy ◽  
Serena Molina

Desalination ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Siavash Madaeni ◽  
Toraj Mohamamdi ◽  
Mansour Kazemi Moghadam

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1982-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijun Zhang ◽  
Shengnan Yuan ◽  
Wenxin Shi ◽  
Cong Ma ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
...  

With the purpose of improving the ultrafiltration (UF) efficiency, anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) has been used as a coagulant aid in the flocculation-UF process. In this study, the impact of APAM on UF efficiency has been investigated with regard to membrane fouling, membrane cleaning and effluent quality. The results indicated that the optimal dosage of APAM had positive impacts on membrane fouling control, membrane cleaning and effluent quality. According to the flux decline curve, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle characterization, the optimal dosage of APAM was determined to be 0.1 mg/L coupled with 2 mg/L (as Al3+) poly-aluminium chloride. Under this optimal condition, membrane fouling can be mitigated because of the formation of a porous and hydrophilic fouling layer. APAM in the fouling layer can improve the chemical cleaning efficiency of 0.5% NaOH due to the disintegration of the fouling layer when APAM is dissolved under strong alkaline conditions. Furthermore, with the addition of APAM in the flocculation-UF process, more active adsorption sites can be formed in the flocs as well as the membrane fouling layer, thus more antipyrine molecules in the raw water can be adsorbed and removed in the flocculation-UF process.


2012 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1993-1995
Author(s):  
T. Fujioka ◽  
L.D. Nghiem ◽  
S.J. Khan ◽  
J.A. McDonald ◽  
Y. Poussade ◽  
...  

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