scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE RUSSIAN PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I OVOD ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Total Sales

The pharmaceutical market in Russia in the current environment is one of the most dynamically developing, which is associated with its high importance for ensuring national security. The change in the foreign policy environment against the background of the events of 2014 showed the negative aspects of the country's previously existing dependence on the import of pharmaceutical products, defining the implementation of the import substitution strategy in the field of drug supply as a long-term benchmark for the development of the industry. However, its implementation actually ran into a number of difficulties, the most important of which is the insufficient level of development of the country's scientific and technical potential in this industry. In the course of the study, the analysis of the main indicators of the dynamics and structure of the domestic pharmaceutical market in physical and value terms, identification of the main trends and their causes was carried out. It has been established that in the past 3 years the domestic pharmaceutical market has been developing, which is confirmed by a steady trend towards an increase in its value from 1.6 to 1.8 trillion. rub. At the same time, generic drugs predominate in the market structure in 2019, accounting for more than 85% of the total number of packs sold, the cost of which amounted to about 60% of the total sales. Consequently, on the Russian pharmaceutical market, there is a tendency towards active distribution of generic drugs of domestic origin, which is due to their price advantage compared to original imported drugs, which are expensive and have problems with implementation under conditions of economic sanctions.

scholarly journals Export Potential of the Russian Pharmaceutical Market and its Prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 1214
Author(s):  
Natalia Pyatigorskaya ◽  
Andrei Meshkovski ◽  
Zhanna Aladysheva ◽  
Valery Beregovykh ◽  
Vasily Belyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
Innovative Drugs ◽  
Policy Targets

Export of medicines is one of the most profitable businesses, which attracts the attention of an increasing number of producers. The international medicines’ trade largely depends on national or regional regulatory mechanisms. In addition, the export terms and conditions differ for various categories of medicines. Innovative drugs account for the main share of the global medicines’ export. Therefore, export of innovative drugs developed in Russia to advanced countries is the most economically profitable direction. Export of generic drugs can bring considerable revenue to the producer and the state, but import substitution by releasing generic drugs weakens the innovative direction of studies and production. The import substitution policy targets manufacturers of medicines to produce generic drugs, as well as products intended, mainly or exclusively, for sale within the country. One of the ways to improve the efficiency of the entire pharmaceutical sector is international cooperation.  

China's Inflation: Demand-Pull or Cost-Push?

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Private Investment ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Demand Pull ◽  
The Cost

This paper studies the determinants of China's inflation and finds that demand-pull factors have been more important than cost-push factors in driving the inflation in the past decade. Because China's economic growth will gradually moderate and because the adjustment of the prices of the factors of production is also underway, the cost-push factors may soon play a more significant role in driving future inflation. Thus the Keynesian-style demand-side policy will not be enough to control inflation. More attention must now be given to supply-side management—such as dismantling monopolies, boosting private investment, encouraging innovation, and improving productivity—to mitigate the medium- to long-term inflation pressure.

Russian pharmaceutical market at the end of 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Kazova ◽  
◽  
Nadezhda Kalinina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
Local Content ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

The unfavourable epidemic situation and epidemic-related government spending on the medical and pharmaceutical sectors provided added momentum to the growth of the Russian pharmaceutical market in the first months of 2020. The government investments in the procurement of pharmaceutical and medical products as well as the implementation of the Pharma-2030 strategy will continue to be the main drivers of such growth in the medium and long term. Adopted back in April 2019, this strategy provides for a rising scale of expenditure on healthcare, further import substitution, the local content of products made in Russia by foreign multinationals, as well as the development of e-commerce in the pharmaceutical retail sector.

My home is your castle: forecasting the future of accommodation sharing

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari-Estelle Gassmann ◽  
Robin Nunkoo ◽  
Victor Tiberius ◽  
Sascha Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Delphi Study ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Future Scenario ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industry Regulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to formulate the most probable future scenario for the accommodation sharing sector within the next five to ten years. It addresses the following six thematic aspects: relevance, different forms of accommodation sharing, users, hosts, platforms, and finally, industry regulation. Design/methodology/approach This study identifies the most likely holistic future scenario by conducting a two-stage Delphi study involving 59 expert panelists. It addresses 33 projections for six thematic sections of the accommodation sharing industry: relevance, different forms of accommodation sharing, users, hosts, platforms, and finally, industry regulation. Findings The results indicate that the number of shared accommodations and users of home-sharing will increase. Moreover, the cost advantage is the predominant driver for users to engage in the accommodation sharing segment, and for the hosts, the generation of an extra income is the primary incentive. Finally, the regulation within this industry is expected to be more effective in the foreseeable future. Practical implications The results are critical, not only to advance our theoretical understanding and stimulate critical discussions on the long-term development of accommodation sharing but also to assist governments and policymakers who have an interest in developing and regulating this sector and developers seeking business opportunities. Originality/value While there is ample knowledge about the past and current development of accommodation sharing in tourism, little is understood about its potential future development and implications for consumers, the economy, and society. To date, no scientific research is available that develops scenarios about the future of accommodation sharing.

scholarly journals Understanding profit margins of medical providers from prescription drugs: evidence from Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
Ya-Ming  Liu
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Profit Margins

Abstract Background This study empirically estimates the magnitude and associated determinants of profit margins that medical providers earn from prescription drugs based on Taiwan’s pharmaceutical market. Methods Our main data set is from the population-based claims data compiled by the National Health Insurance Research Database covering three waves of price adjustment: July–December 2004, October 2007–September 2008 and October 2009–September 2010. Only drugs whose reimbursement prices were adjusted using the R-zone formula were used as samples for this study. By calculating the difference between retail and wholesale prices for 796 pharmaceutical products, we can estimate the profit margin determinants using the regression model. Results We found evidence that suppliers of generic drugs tend to offer larger discounts to medical providers than suppliers of brand-name drugs. In addition, the countervailing power of wholesale pharmaceuticals, as measured by the discount rate offered by pharmaceutical manufacturers, is positively associated with the degree of competition within the pharmaceutical market and the size of the market itself. Conclusions Our findings imply that the profit-seeking behaviour exhibited by medical providers is the engine of competitive forces in Taiwan’s prescription drug market. This creates financial incentives for them, which in turn influences their choices of prescription drugs.

scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of Russian uranium mining enterprises in conditions of excessive supply

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
A. Dudina ◽  
M. Shabalov ◽  
L. Nikolaichuk
Keyword(s):  
Uranium Mining ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excess Amount ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Mining Centers ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
The Cost

The article describes the current situation in the global uranium concentrate market, explains the reasons for the formation of an excess amount of finished goods and the subsequent decreasein prices. The authorsevaluated the prospects of using market mechanisms to improve the financial results of Russian uranium mining enterprises. The location of the main mining centers in comparison with the centers of consumption of finished goods, pricing for the products of uranium mining companies, the dynamics of price changes over the past 20 years, the influence of non-market factors on the supply of finished products are analyzed.This study led to the conclusion that the expectation of changes in the market situation is not viable in a long term. The authors outlined the direction to improve the profitability of mining enterprises by introducing technological changes aimed at reducing the cost of the final product.

scholarly journals Experimenting with the past to improve environmental monitoring programs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Easton R White ◽  
Christie A. Bahlai
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Term Monitoring

Long-term monitoring programs are a fundamental part of both understanding system dynamics and informing management decisions. However, monitoring programs not always designed to consider statistical power, site selection, or the full costs and benefits of monitoring. Further, data from monitoring programs with different goals and protocols are now being combined for comparative analyses. Key considerations can be incorporated into the optimal design of a management program with simulations and experiments. Here, we advocate for the expanded use of a third approach: non-random sampling of previously-collected data. This approach conducts experiments with available data to understand the consequences of different monitoring approaches. We first illustrate non-random sampling in the context of monitoring programs to assess species trends. We then apply the approach to a pair of additional, more general case studies to show the versatility of conducting experiments with previously-collected data. Non-random sampling of previously-collected data is underutilized, but has the potential to improve monitoring programs. We show that this approach is useful in monitoring species trends, understanding fisheries and agriculture, as well as other areas. When combined with data on the cost of monitoring, this approach can also be used to assess the value of information gained from monitoring.

scholarly journals FACTORING AS A NEW POSSIBILITY IN THE FINANCIAL SECTOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjeta Hallunovi ◽  
Elez Osmanovic
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
The Past ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

Over the past fifteen years, an increasing number of small and medium-sized companies have begun to consider factoring as a practical source of working capital. Unfortunately, the availability of accurate information and time has not kept the same pace with the growing interest in this used form of funding. The financial sector, especially the banking sector, has been hit by the difficulties generated by the tensions of debt dependence, which are affecting the banking market assessment and its ability to create medium and long-term funds. Consequently, making a comparison with the past, in general, the most valued valuation methods are the cost of funds which have increased significantly. Current economic conditions, characterized by credit constraints, make factoring one of the most favorable solutions for businesses. This funding method is one of the ways it takes a short time to negotiate and one of the easiest methods to provide working capital funds. Factoring services offer an alternative to credit to companies that need little help with funds. By selling your receivables to a factoring company, you receive a portion of the forward amount and receive the rest, minus a percentage that the company receives as a payment as soon as the amount is collected. You get most of your funds before the customer has paid the account, instead of waiting until after paying the bill. The factoring service works to collect accounts receivable so that you can devote your resources and efforts elsewhere to your business. Through factoring, businesses can enable their boards and senior management to make better informed decisions; proactively manage the provisions and effects on capital plans; make strategic decisions with a view to mitigating risks in the event of current underlying conditions; get assistance in understanding the evolving risk nature of the banking sector.

scholarly journals New challenges in hemophilia: long-term outcomes and complications

Hematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Young
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
New Agents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hemophilic Arthropathy ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Cost

Abstract For the past 5 decades, the care for hemophilia patients has improved significantly to the point that a newborn with hemophilia living in a developed nation can expect to have a normal lifespan and a high quality of life. Despite this, there are several new challenges that the hemophilia community will face in the coming years. First, the hemophilia community will soon be challenged with adopting a variety of new agents into clinical practice. Second, the normalization of patients' lives as a result of improved treatment has led to new problem areas, including obese/overweight hemophiliacs and osteoporosis. In addition, although mortality rates are similar to those of the healthy population, morbidities such as hemophilic arthropathy still occur. Third, the cost of care continues to rise, both due to the development of expensive new therapies and to the costs of managing problems such as obesity and osteoporosis. Finally, most patients in the world with hemophilia receive little to no care and although this is an enormous challenge, it must be confronted. This review discusses some new challenges facing developing nations and their care for hemophilia patients. In summary, in hemophilia in the coming few years, several new challenges will need to be confronted.

scholarly journals TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF THE DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS MARKET IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L KVACHAKHIA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Domestic Products ◽  
Total Sales

Today, the Russian pharmaceutical market is one of the most actively developing, which is due to the high importance of pharmaceutical products in maintaining and improving the health of the population. At the same time, the market of biologically active additives (BAA), the use of which is aimed at improving health, is among the relatively new directions in this market. The popularity of dietary supplements is due to the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and life and the strengthening of opinion about the role of dietary supplements in its maintenance. In the course of the study, the analysis of indicators of the dynamics and structure of sales of dietary supplements in Russia in 2015-2019 was carried out, to identify the main trends and their causes. It has been established that today the BAA market as an integral part of the Russian pharmaceutical market is gradually developing. The change in the foreign policy situation against the background of the conflict with Ukraine led to a recession in all industries, including the pharmaceutical market. However, the negative impact of these events on the market development manifested itself only in 2017-2018. At the same time, by 2019 the total sales in this market are 63.4 million rubles, and in physical terms - 324 million units. In value terms, more than 50% of the sold dietary supplements are imported, however, when studying the situation in kind, it was revealed that more than 80% of the sold packages are domestic. This indicates that domestic products are most popular in the domestic dietary supplement market, which is due to their lower cost compared to imported dietary supplements.

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