Translational Regulation During Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Brown Adipogenesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ip Jun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Brown Adipogenesis

Abstract 13115: Nitric Oxide Differentially Regulates White and Brown Adipogenesis Through Effects on Thermogenesis and Mitochondrial Biogenesis (Best of Basic Science Abstract)

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Huang ◽  
Sylvia Lee-Huang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipogenesis

Introduction: In addition to its roles as a vascular signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) plays roles in metabolism. Mice deficient in eNOS are overweight and develop insulin resistance. It is not known whether the metabolic effects are due to primary roles of NO, or to increased visceral adiposity, leading to secondary metabolic changes. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that NO plays distinct and separable primary roles in white and brown adipogenesis, which underlie the effects on adiposity, energy metabolism, and expression of thermogenic genes. Methods: We exposed wild-type and mice carrying specific gain of function and loss of function eNOS mutations to cold at 4C for 48 hours and assessed expression of thermogenic gene programs in white and brown adipose tissue. To study cell autonomous effects, we differentiated adipocyte precursors from brown and white fat in the presence of NOS inhibitors and NO donors, as well as with siRNA to knockdown eNOS expression. Results: Cold exposure resulted in upregulation of the thermogenic gene program in brown adipose tissue. Animals carrying a gain of function mutation in eNOS showed increased UCP1 expression even without cold exposure. Induction of thermogenic genes was more pronounced in the animals with gain of function eNOS mutation. Differentiation of adipocyte precursors showed effects of eNOS on adipogenesis. Cells treated with the pharmacologic blockade (L-NAME and L-NA) as well as genetic knockdown (siRNA) showed dose-dependent inhibition of adipocyte differentiation. MitoTracker Red CMXRos staining showed that treatment with the NO donor SNAP increases mitochondrial biogenesis, while L-NAME decreases mitochondrial biogenesis. Conclusions: We show that eNOS-derived NO plays distinct and separable roles in white and brown adipogenesis. In brown adipocytes, eNOS regulates the expression of the thermogenic gene program, with upregulation of expression even without cold exposure, and greater increase in response to cold. In white adipocytes, eNOS-derived NO is required for adipocyte differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis.

scholarly journals “Labile” heme critically regulates mitochondrial biogenesis through the transcriptional co-activator Hap4p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (15) ◽  
pp. 5095-5109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrielle L. Bouchez ◽  
Edgar D. Yoboue ◽  
Livier E. de la Rosa Vargas ◽  
Bénédicte Salin ◽  
Sylvain Cuvellier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Prosthetic Group ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Hap Complex ◽  
The Stability

Heme (iron protoporphyrin IX) is a well-known prosthetic group for enzymes involved in metabolic pathways such as oxygen transport and electron transfer through the mitochondrial respiratory chain. However, heme has also been shown to be an important regulatory molecule (as “labile” heme) for diverse processes such as translation, kinase activity, and transcription in mammals, yeast, and bacteria. Taking advantage of a yeast strain deficient for heme production that enabled controlled modulation and monitoring of labile heme levels, here we investigated the role of labile heme in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. This process is regulated by the HAP complex in yeast. Using several biochemical assays along with EM and epifluorescence microscopy, to the best of our knowledge, we show for the first time that cellular labile heme is critical for the post-translational regulation of HAP complex activity, most likely through the stability of the transcriptional co-activator Hap4p. Consequently, we found that labile heme regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and cell growth. The findings of our work highlight a new mechanism in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis by cellular metabolites.

Evidence for translational regulation of chloroplast and mitochondrial biogenesis in euglena

Plant Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio F. Monroy ◽  
Susan A. McCarthy ◽  
Steven D. Schwartzbach
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Translational Regulation

scholarly journals An indispensable role for dynamin-related protein 1 in beige and brown adipogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (18) ◽  
pp. jcs247593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Gopal Reddy Mooli ◽  
Dhanunjay Mukhi ◽  
Zhonghe Chen ◽  
Nia Buckner ◽  
Sadeesh K. Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Mitochondrial Fission ◽  
Brown Adipocyte ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Transcriptional Program ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipogenesis

ABSTRACTEmerging evidence indicates that proper mitochondrial dynamics are critical for adipocyte differentiation and functional thermogenic capacity. We found that the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1, also known as DNML1) is highly expressed in brown adipose tissue compared to expression in white adipose tissue, and these expression levels increase during brown adipocyte differentiation. Our results reveal that the inhibition of DRP1 using mdivi-1 mitigates beige adipocyte differentiation and differentiation-associated mitochondrial biogenesis. We found that DRP1 is essential for the induction of the early-phase beige adipogenic transcriptional program. Intriguingly, inhibition of DRP1 is dispensable following the induction of beige adipogenesis and adipogenesis-associated mitochondrial biogenesis. Altogether, we demonstrate that DRP1 in preadipocytes plays an essential role in beige and brown adipogenesis.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

Translational regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1717-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Hong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Local Translation ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Cell Growth And Proliferation

Mitochondria are generated by the expression of genes on both nuclear and mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial biogenesis is highly plastic in response to cellular energy demand, developmental signals and environmental stimuli. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates mitochondrial biogenesis to co-ordinate energy homeostasis with cell growth. The local translation of mitochondrial proteins on the outer membrane facilitates their efficient import and thereby allows prodigious mitochondrial biogenesis during rapid cell growth and proliferation. We postulate that the local translation may also allow cells to promote mitochondrial biogenesis selectively based on the fitness of individual organelle. MDI–Larp complex promotes the biogenesis of healthy mitochondria and thereby is essential for the selective transmission of healthy mitochondria. On the other hand, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)–Pakin activates protein synthesis on damaged mitochondria to maintain the organelle homeostasis and activity. We also summarize some recent progress on miRNAs' regulation on mitochondrial biogenesis.

Temperature-dependent translational regulation of the ER omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene in wheat root tips

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorou Horiguchi ◽  
Takuichi Fuse ◽  
Naoto Kawakami ◽  
Hiroaki Kodama ◽  
Koh Iba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Desaturase Gene ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene

The RNA-binding protein Musashi-2 (MSI2) controls mRNA processing and translational regulation via interactions with SFPQ and PIWIL1 during mammalian spermatogenesis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie M Sutherland ◽  
Alexander P Sobinoff ◽  
Kate Redgrove ◽  
Tara-Lynne Davidson ◽  
Nicole A Siddall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Mrna Processing

miR-494 Regulates Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Thermogenesis through PGC1-? Signaling in Beige Adipocytes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1966-P
Author(s):  
MENGISTU LEMECHA ◽  
KATSUTARO MORINO ◽  
TAKESHI IMAMURA ◽  
HIROTAKA IWASAKI ◽  
NATSUKO OHASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Beige Adipocytes

Rapid Communication: Dietary selenium improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in young equine athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 4078 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. White ◽  
S. Wohlgemuth ◽  
C. Li ◽  
L. K. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Dietary Selenium ◽  
Rapid Communication
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document