scholarly journals Islamic Theology and Extreme Islamist Ideology: Incommensurable Correlation: اللاهوت الإسلامي والأيديولوجيا الإسلامية المتطرفة: علاقة متبادلة

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 141-124
Author(s):  
Abdallah Zbir Abdallah Zbir
Keyword(s):  
Research Paper ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
Critical Reason

  There always exists the lived Islam, the one has been dominating the spheres of religion, politics, society and culture since its formative period; i.e., the one imagined, cut off from critical reason and history and having been used as the basis of authority. This type of Islam, which Mohammed Arkoun refuted, is nothing less than Muslim traditionalists’ Islam – i.e., the one has been developing and growing out their dogmatic readings of revelation and its deterioration into ideologies of dominion. It is the one has been making use of theological (orthodox) doctrines like ‘al-Hakimiyah li Allah’ (no authority but of Allah) not only as the basis of the religious and political elites’ power and control, but also –which is worse – of Islamists extreme ideology. Here, Arkoun notes, such expressions have been taken (still are) as the basis not only of the trueness of Islam, but also of the ideology itself. It all depends on a rigid reading of certain Qur’anic verses. Muslims radicals have always found in them the pretense, arguments; say the justification of their ideology.   This research paper attempts, through a critical analytical methodology, to clarify this matter from the viewpoint of Muhammad Arkoun. It lets Arkoun’s ideas circulate through my own analysis, which varies and overlaps following the fluidity of his own methodology. While it does, the comparative mode in it has its own space in certain contexts, which, altogether, form both the theoretical and organizational bases of this paper. 

scholarly journals Decoding Manipulative Strategies and Ideological Features in Trump’s Speech on the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Critical Political Discourse Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. p14
Author(s):  
Franck Amoussou ◽  
Nathalie J. A. Aguessy
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Political Discourse Analysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

The novel coronavirus is one of the most tragic epidemic diseases the world has ever faced thus far. Therefore, the governments of all countries have taken a range of measures against it. This article preforms a critical analysis on a political discourse, notably president Trump’s March 11, 2020 speech about the global pandemic. Using a multi- disciplinary approach as suggested by representatives of critical discourse analysis, it attempts to unpack or decipher the ideologies behind the discourse on the one hand, and to reveal how the discourse contributes to manipulating the public opinion through structural and contextual features of power and control, on the other hand.

Women and politeness: The Javanese example

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Smith-Hefner
Keyword(s):  
Public Power ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThis article explores the relationship between the status of Javanese women and the politeness or formality of their speech. I examine the hypothesis that, cross-culturally, women will speak more politely than men as an expression of their secondary status. Ethnographic research from East Java reveals that Javanese women are required to be more polite within the family where they receive less polite speech and offer more. In the wider context of Javanese culture, however, it is Javanese men who strive to cultivate politeness for the purpose of expressing their superior status and authority. The potentially coercive or political power of politeness in Javanese is related to the ambiguity of the polite codes themselves, which may be used to express both deference or humility on the one hand and status, refinement, and power on the other. Speech patterns are linked to a number of social-structural variables: patterns of socialization, models of appropriate male and female linguistic behavior, and men's and women's social roles and typical spheres of interest. Where, as in Java, polite codes are associated with public power and control, we should expect that men may be especially concerned with the cultivation of polite styles of speech. (Politeness, gender roles, linguistic socialization, Indonesia)

scholarly journals Environmental Politics

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

The problem that confronts scholars who intend to engage in organizing issuesassociated with the environment in a manner that is logical and coherent is thatmany of those issues are conceptually overlapping, territorially interrelated, andacademically multidisciplinary. Added to this are the submerged and not so submergedtensions between environmentalism on the one hand, which restrains thefrontier exercise of human power and control over natural resources, and neoliberali.smon the other, which ordinarily considers such limitations oddities. Manyof the scholars who have been successful in this endeavor have tried to focus onrelated environmental mediums, issues, or regions.Despite its wider scope, Environmental Politics: Domestic and Global Dimensions,which is in its third edition, weaves through the maze of topics it covers using aprocess perspective. The book focuses on formal and informal institutions andprocesses in trying to develop an understanding about how global environmentalpolicies are developed in the United States. It is essential to note from the outsetthat the domestic and global dimensions of the book basically focus on the UnitedStates' responses to those challenges and, accordingly, a foreign reader may readinto the title: The US. Environmental Politicr: Domestic and Global Dimensions.The author, Dr. Jacqueline V. Switzer, does not waste any time in letting thereader know that the approach to the book is through the process model, a processwhereby the Congress, the president and his executive branch, and the judiciaryjostle for influence in formulating, implementing or redirecting environmentalpolicies (p. viii). An associate professor of political science at Northern ArizonaUniversity, the author deploys her understanding of the history, process, and conflictinginterests that have shaped the United States' environmental policies bothat home and at the international plane, to organize the complex issues covered inthe book. The third edition is remarkable for carefully updating a book that isreputed to be an information powerhouse regarding environmental policy, actors,disputes, and processes, up through the final years of the Clinton administration.It also incorporates, in each chapter, a global dimension of the main topic of thechapter, and it revises the "Another View, Another Voice" boxes of each chapter ...

scholarly journals Power and control in the one-to-one computing classroom: students’ perspectives on teachers’ didactical design

Seminar.net ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-173
Author(s):  
Peter Bergström ◽  
Eva Mårell-Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Perspective ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Stimulated Recall ◽  
Student Focus ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
One To One ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

This paper reports on a research study that scrutinised the student perspective on teachers’ different didactical designs from lessons in the one-to-one computing classroom. Specifically, the aim was to describe and understand three different clusters of didactical design in the one-to-one computing classroom from the student perspective. Each of the three clusters represents different interactions between teachers and students. The research questions embrace how the teachers or students, through the didactical design, will have an advantage over the other. The empirical material was based on student focus groups interviews, enhanced through the method of stimulated recall where different photographs of teaching and learning situations from the one-to-one computing classroom were shown to the students. The results demonstrate three empirical themes: students’ learning in class, students’ learning outside class, and classroom assessment. From a theoretical lens of power and control, the students’ reasoning demonstrates approaches to how teachers regulate students and to how students can make decisions in their learning process. For handling students’ demands, specifically in pedagogical plans, the one-to-one computing classroom becomes one component for making students’ learning processes smoother regarding when to study and how to study.

Reclaiming the Body, Birthing at Home: Knowledge, Power, and Control in Childbirth

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara B. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Public Health Clinics ◽  
Working Class Women ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

In the following essay I draw on existing literature to suggest that homebirth represents the convergence of knowledge, power, and control during pregnancy, labor, and delivery. I pay particular attention to the ways in which working-class women are disadvantaged by the medicalized model of childbirth and are less likely to acquire extensive knowledge about birth, less likely to feel as though they have power over their own birthing experiences, and less likely to exercise control over obstetric interventions and their birth environments. This is a problem that is, on the one hand, caused by a problematic health care system and inadequately staffed public health clinics and, on the other, a model of childbirth that values medicalized birth knowledge over embodied birth knowledge. I argue that all women can and should be made more aware of the various birthing options that are available to them so they can make birthing decisions that are not based solely on fears of obstetric dysfunction. I also encourage birth activists to explore the relationship between social class and birth options so their advocacy efforts can better address women's needs.

scholarly journals Editorial Foreword

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Silviu-Marian Miloiu
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Liquid Modernity ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
European Values ◽  
The One ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Eu

The theme of the 2019 conference of the Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies was crafted with our regretted colleague and distinguished academic Leonidas Donskis. In the meanwhile, conformism seems to have pervaded larger categories of public in East-Central Europe and beyond, and new “illiberal democracies” evolved. A composite of authoritarian leader and godfather have taken the reins of power in the area. Populist parties and movements are on the rise. Resurgent nationalisms are again offered as a substitute to solutions. The refugee crisis lingers on and no common decisions have been adopted within the EU to solve it on the basis of the European values. The EU institutions are in need of reform and decisions on the course of the organization and its future enlargement process are still pending. The conference aimed at analysing two often interrelated phenomena: dissent and conformism. In the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars nationalism and eventually modern political ideologies became the main competitors for power and control in Europe. Nationalisms unleashed the forces of destruction during the world wars while the clash of ideologies set off ahead of the French Revolution shaped the destiny of Europe during the 20th century. Dictatorships and even more so totalitarian regimes required unwavering conformism and full devotedness from their subjects, while encouraging dissent in the competing camp. Conformism has shown many faces from the Antiquity to Contemporary Age, from pretence to obedience, and an individual person could evolve during his/her lifetime between the two extremes. Sometimes, as many dystopian novels reveal, the conformist grows into dissident and even becomes a major target of his/her former patrons. Conversely, former dissidents can return to loyalty, and often the prize to be paid is betrayal of former affined spirits. The archives of Scandinavian, Baltic and Black Sea regions preserve numerous documents of such instances. Conformism can also take the form of what Zygmunt Bauman and Leonidas Donskis called “liquid modernity”, the situation of an individual who flows from one attitude to another, from one perspective to the other, from a set of values to an opposing one: The liquid modern variety of adiaphorization is cut after the pattern of the consumer–commodity relation, and its effectiveness relies on the transplantation of that pattern to interhuman relations. As consumers, we do not swear interminable loyalty to the commodity we seek and purchase in order to satisfy our needs or desires, and we continue to use its services as long as but no longer than it delivers on our expectations – or until we come across another commodity that promises to gratify the same desires more thoroughly than the one we purchased before. All consumer goods, including those described as ‘durable’, are eminently exchangeable and expendable; in consumerist – that is consumption inspired and consumption servicing – culture, the time between purchase and disposal tends to shrink to the degree to which the delights derived from the objects of consumption shift from their use to their appropriation.

Gendering Emotions: Ṭarab, Women and Musical Performance in Three Biographical Narratives from ‘The Book of Songs’

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-183
Author(s):  
Karen Moukheiber
Keyword(s):  
Formative Period ◽  
Musical Performance ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Musical Performances ◽  
Slave Women ◽  
Social Conduct ◽  
Literary Biographies ◽  
The One ◽  
The Book Of Songs

Musical performance was a distinctive feature of urban culture in the formative period of Islamic history. At the court of the Abbasid caliphs, and in the residences of the ruling elite, men and women singers performed to predominantly male audiences. The success of a performer was linked to his or her ability to elicit ṭarab, namely a spectrum of emotions and affects, in their audiences. Ṭarab was criticized by religious scholars due, in part, to the controversial performances at court of slave women singers depicted as using music to induce passion in men, diverting them from normative ethical social conduct. This critique, in turn, shaped the ethical boundaries of musical performances and affective responses to them. Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī’s tenth-century Kitāb al-Aghānī (‘The Book of Songs’) compiles literary biographies of prominent male and female singers from the formative period of Islamic history. It offers rich descriptions of musical performances as well as ensuing manifestations of ṭarab in audiences, revealing at times the polemics with which they were associated. Investigating three biographical narratives from Kitāb al-Aghānī, this paper seeks to answer the following question: How did emotions, gender and status shape on the one hand the musical performances of women singers and on the other their audiences’ emotional responses, holistically referred to as ṭarab. Through this question, this paper seeks to nuance and complicate our understanding of the constraints and opportunities that shaped slave and free women's musical performances, as well as men's performances, at the Abbasid court.

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