scholarly journals Countries' strategies in facing crisis and disasters during the Corona Virus pandemic - The case of the Kingdom of Bahrain -: استراتيجيات الدول في مواجهة الأزمات والكوارث أثناء جائحة كورونا  – دراسة حالة مملكة البحرين –

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baligh Ali Hasan Beshr
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Selective Process

The aim of this research us to identify the most important mechanisms and tools used by countries in facing the crisis of Corona Virus Pandemic (case study of the Kingdom of Bahrain) to review the most important aspects of the crisis and the mechanisms to overcome it while this crisis transformed to be economical, social, and environmental crisis impacting the sociality. The research problem summarized in what are the strategies taken by the Kingdom of Bahrain in containing and facing the crisis which it gives back the international organizations praise. The methodology used in this research is the descriptive analytical approach to describe the phenomena, the reasons behind it and the mechanism used to face it. The most important results of this research are, the international economy has suffered huge losses reached 50 billion dollars. Western governments have been unable to manage the crisis and have turned basic rights to health and life into a selective process. The unemployment rate rose to 1.2 points. The number of infected cases in the world has increased to 6, 925, 880 cases to date. As well as Bahrain has a strong infrastructure to cope with crises at all levels. Finally, kingdom of Bahrain has taken careful procedures and measures steps to manage the crisis. The research has given recommendations to increase the attention to scientific research in the field of crisis management and to rely on other sources of income instead of oil so as not to be affected by economic fluctuations and crises, and to conduct more research in the mechanisms of facing the emergencies and crisis and the readiness of after COVID- 19 Corona Virus.

scholarly journals Controlling Light Pollution in Chile: A Status Report

2001 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Radio Astronomy ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
The World ◽  
Control Light ◽  
Basic Level

A basic-level summary is provided of work since late 1993 to control light pollution in Chile. The purpose of this article is to stimulate such work inside Chile and to promote good lighting in developing countries in general. Chile is selected as the case study because of its critical importance to optical and radio astronomy, and the related economic and cultural benefits for Chile and the world. Examples are presented in some detail in order to illustrate adjustments that have been made to accommodate local scientific, cultural and economic realities and to show that it is necessary to anticipate the issues involved in controlling light pollution several decades before it would otherwise become a problem. It is hoped that international organizations such as the IAU, the IDA and the CIE can soon promote programmes in Chile that can serve as pilot programmes for other parts of the developing world.

Social knowledge and international policymaking at the World Bank

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Toye
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Knowledge ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Bureaucracy ◽  
Binding Constraints

The production of social knowledge in all international organizations is problematic because all are public bureaucracies. The World Bank provides a case study of the problems of managing in-house research in an international public bureaucracy. Not only are there managerial constraints on what the Bank is willing to publish, but the binding constraints on publication evolve. The evolution in managerial objectives at the Bank in recent years and the factors that have influenced shifts in its rhetoric and policy are examined. Are these adjustments merely rhetorical? Recent research on poverty reduction, governance and conditionality is discussed to gauge how far the Bank has moved.

scholarly journals SCENARIOS FOR DEALING WITH E-LEARNING IN LIGHT OF THE CORONA CRISIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
Kifah Yahya Saleh AL-ASKARI ◽  
Omar Majid ABDUL-ANI
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The United Nations

The world is suffering from the emerging coronavirus (Covid-19), which has spread to most countries of the world in the current period. There is no doubt that all human beings have been directly and indirectly affected by this pandemic, as the number of infected people reached nearly two million, and the deaths exceeded two hundred thousand cases. The research problem can be summarized by the following question: What are the scenarios for dealing with e-learning in light of the Corona crisis? The current research is determined by scenarios dealing with e-learning during the era of the Corona virus, and there are several scenarios for dealing with e-learning in light of the Corona virus in the world, the most famous of which are: The United Nations 2 - China 3 - Britain 4 - Italy 5 - The Emirates Model.

scholarly journals Preparedness of the Local Community in the Fight Against COVID-19 in Dodoma Urban, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Yusuph Lameck Mashala ◽  
Lazaro Alman Kisumbe ◽  
Manumbu Hezron Daudi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
High Level

Since its outbreak in late December 2019, COVID-19 has brought a state of fear, panic, insecurity and a high level of uncertainty to the whole population of the world. Amid these uncertainties, governments and international organizations across the world, have adopted various measures against its spread; such measures have depended on the nature and severity of the disease and the suitable approach adopted by each particular country. This study assessed the preparedness of the local community in the fight against COVID-19 in Dodoma Urban, Tanzania. Data were collected through a questionnaire from 100 respondents who were coincidentally selected.  We analyzed data through descriptive statics and Binary Logistic Regression. The overall results show that the majority of respondents (53.68%) were well prepared to curb COVID-19. Nevertheless about 46% of the respondents were inadequately prepared. In order to curb the spread of the disease in Dodoma urban, the study recommend that the local community should consistently adhere to government directives, keep informed of the situation, and respond appropriately to protect themselves, their families, and others against the deadly corona virus disease.

Cyber-Interference in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election: A Crisis Analysis Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Nussbaum ◽  
Brooke Turcotte
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Intelligence Operations ◽  
The World

The cyber-interference in the 2016 U.S. Presidential election is part of a growing set of case studies in both the world of election crisis management and cybercrisis management. The 2016 electoral cybercrisis, no matter whether it is possible to determine its effect on the election’s outcome, will likely go down as one of the most effective intelligence operations in modern history. As such, the crisis response to the event—its failures, successes, limitations, and shaping factors—will be studied widely moving forward, as it takes its place among the most important cases of both electoral crisis and cybercrisis management.

Causes and Consequences of Third-Party Intervention in Disputes over History: Recognition of the Armenian Massacre as Genocide and Relations with Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
Naosuke Mukoyama
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Third Party Intervention ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
Armenian Population

Abstract In the post-Cold War international society, third-party intervention has become increasingly common across various spheres. What were previously assumed to be domestic or bilateral issues have become of great interest to foreign governments and international organizations. Disputes over history, whose intensification in many parts of the world is also a recent political phenomenon, are no exception. Regarding past atrocities by one country upon another, the “victim” side seeks recognition and redress from third parties, while the “perpetrator” side tries to prevent such interference. This paper investigates the causes of such intervention and the consequences of it for bilateral relations between the intervenor and the “perpetrator” country, using the conflict between Armenia and Turkey over the recognition of the 1915–1916 Armenian Massacre as genocide as a case study. The results reveal that countries with a Christian majority and a large Armenian population typically conduct such intervention, and that although third-party intervention affects bilateral relations negatively, the effect is only temporary.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic on World Prisons: An Overview of Global Responses and Future Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Madhumita Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

While governments and international organizations continue their fight against the 2019 Corona virus disease, it is important to not overlook those in prisons and detention centres around the world, currently deprived of their liberty and rights, as they are likely to be more vulnerable to this outbreak than the general population. Given the nature of confinement, prisoners live in close proximity with each other for prolonged periods of time which often acts as a source for amplifying and spreading infectious diseases. With this in mind, the aim of this article is to present an overview of the impact of Corona virus pandemic on world prisons and the subsequent global responses to combat this unprecedented crisis. The article concludes with implications for mental health of prisoners and deliberates on decarceration as a way forward.

scholarly journals Methods of Financing Waqf Development in Singapore

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Ashraf Jomah Mohammed Nasar ◽  
Abdulmajid Obaid Hasan Saleh ◽  
Falah M F SM Alhajri ◽  
El Amrani Taoufiq
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Methods

The Waqf sector in the Muslim world suffers in general from a state of negligence, and a lack of tactics and strategies in taking advantage of it, which results from cumulative and overlapping factors. This phenomenon invites for an investigation of successful Waqf experiences around the world, of which Singapore is the pioneer in it. The Waqf experience in Singapore is considered one of the most successful experiments at the Muslim world level, both in terms of the organization, and the investment. The sector has witnessed a remarkable development as effective modern methods and techniques were discovered. The study aims to reveal the reality of this experience, which includes the following Waqf funds: funds for mosques, funds for the handicapped, Quran memorization, as well as education, scientific research, innovation and others. However, the monetary Waqf has gained popularity in the sector, unlike the Waqf of immovable assets. Muslims in Singapore have realized the importance of the monetary Waqf and its role in collecting social savings, converting them into social capital, and developing the social capital market; to stimulate the merging between social security and social care, and to achieve the legitimate objectives of the Waqf and public interests. The Waqf administration in Singapore has used Sukuk to develop some of its endowments (Waqfs), therefore, the study will address how the Waqf in Singapore has benefited from this method in financing the development of endowments in both the construction project of a building on Beach Road 11, and a project to raise $ 35 million for the project to develop Waqf assets on Street Bencoolen. The researcher has employed both a case study as well as a descriptive analytical approach

scholarly journals Entrenching the Problem? International Organizations and Their Engagement in Latin America to Address Violence: The Case of the European Union in the Northern Triangle

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-379
Author(s):  
Kai Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Central America ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Human System ◽  
The World

Abstract Latin America is the most violent region in the world. Yet, decades of political and financial investment by the international community have not had the desired results. Using the work of the European Union in the Northern Triangle of Central America as a case study, this article asks what explains this failure. Utilizing the conceptual framework of Complexity and Human System Dynamics, it argues that current policies actually entrench the pattern of conditions which lead to, and sustain, violence. It shows how, by reconceptualizing this problem using the concepts of Complexity, policies could be made more effective and sustainable.

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