scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADDING GARDEN CRESS (LEPIDIUM SATIVUM) ON RUMEN FERMENTATION OF LOCAL AWASSI LAMBS: تأثير إضافة بذور الرشاد إلى العلف على تخمرات الكرش في الأغنام العواسية

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hameed Abbas, Mohammed Ahmed Shwayel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Garden Cress ◽  
The Third ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Awassi Lambs

This study was to study the effect of adding Lepidium sativum to the lamb diets of Awassi sheep. Nine male lambs (their age is 3 months old and their body weight is 19±0.5 Kg) were distributed randomly into 3 treatments (3 lambs per treatment). The coarse feed (hay) was provided freely to lambs, while the concentrated feed was provided based on 3% of the body weight. All treatments were fed on similar diet and differed only in the weight of seeds, where 7.5 g was added to the second treatment (T2) and 15 g of Garden Cress to the third treatment (T3) while the control treatment (T1) left without adding seeds. The experiment continued for 60 days. The results showed a significant increase in pH at 0 hour in treatments T2 and T3 with Garden Cress of 7.5 and 15 g respectively, but there was a significant decrease at 3 hours in treatment T3 and also at 6 hours in T2 and T3 as well. For total phenols there was a decrease at 6 hours in treatment T2.When adding Garden Cress to concentrated rations, it did not significantly affect N-NH3, but improved somewhat of rumen fermentation and microorganism’s numbers at 3 hours for T2 and T3 with Garden Cress of 7.5 and 15 g respectively. There was a significant increase in fatty acids at 6 hours in T2 and T3 while there was no significant effect at other times and treatments.  

scholarly journals Effect of level of monensin on rumen fermentation characteristics in Awassi lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Razzaq Baiee ◽  
◽  
Ali Saeed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ground Wheat ◽  
Awassi Lambs

The current study was conducted in the Animal field of the Department of Animal Production – College of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University for the period from 10/10/2019 to 19/1/2020 to investigate the effect of addition of monensin at levels of 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg concentrate on growth performance of Awassi lambs. First treatment in which lambs were fed concentrate diet without addition of monensin was considered the control treatment. Sixteen male Awassi lambs were used with an average weight of 24.85 and 4-6 months of age. The lambs were randomly distributed to the experimental treatments, four lambs per each using the individual feeding in the cages. The concentrate diet was offered at a level of 2.75% of the body weight at 2 meals, morning and evening meals, while the ground wheat straw was offered at free choice. Results revealed no significant effect of level of monensin on pH values, whereas ruminal ammonia concentrations were significantly decreased (P˂0.05) from 7.54 in the control treatment to 6.08 and 6.45 mg/100 ml due to addition of monensin at levels of 30 and 45 mg/kg. Moreover, addition of monensin at a level of 30 mg/kg concentrate diet significantly increased (P˂0.05) ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids to 13.76 as compared with 10.99 mM/100 ml for control treatment. Concentrations of all rumen fermentation characteristics were significantly affected (P˂0.01) by time of ensiling.

scholarly journals Effect of level of monensin on rumen fermentation characteristics in Awassi lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Razzaq Baiee ◽  
◽  
Ali Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ground Wheat ◽  
Awassi Lambs

The current study was conducted in the Animal field of the Department of Animal Production – College of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University for the period from 10/10/2019 to 19/1/2020 to investigate the effect of addition of monensin at levels of 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg concentrate on growth performance of Awassi lambs. First treatment in which lambs were fed concentrate diet without addition of monensin was considered the control treatment. Sixteen male Awassi lambs were used with an average weight of 24.85 and 4-6 months of age. The lambs were randomly distributed to the experimental treatments, four lambs per each using the individual feeding in the cages. The concentrate diet was offered at a level of 2.75% of the body weight at 2 meals, morning and evening meals, while the ground wheat straw was offered at free choice. Results revealed no significant effect of level of monensin on pH values, whereas ruminal ammonia concentrations were significantly decreased (P˂0.05) from 7.54 in the control treatment to 6.08 and 6.45 mg/100 ml due to addition of monensin at levels of 30 and 45 mg/kg. Moreover, addition of monensin at a level of 30 mg/kg concentrate diet significantly increased (P˂0.05) ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids to 13.76 as compared with 10.99 mM/100 ml for control treatment. Concentrations of all rumen fermentation characteristics were significantly affected (P˂0.01) by time of ensiling.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN LARVA DAN PRODUKSI BENIH IKAN KERAPU BEBEK Cromileptes altivelis Valenciennes, 1828 HASIL BUDIDAYA TURUNAN KE-3

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-600
Author(s):  
Regina Melianawati ◽  
Ni Wayan Widya Astuti ◽  
. Tridjoko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Larval Body ◽  
Spine Length ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Length

ABSTRAKKetersediaan induk dalam suatu usaha pembenihan memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Namun demikian, ketersediaan induk yang berasal dari alam sangat terbatas jumlahnya, sehingga perlu dilakukan penyediaan calon induk yang berasal dari hasil budidaya. Ikan kerapu bebek Cromileptes altivelis Valenciennes, 1828 turunan pertama (F-1) dan turunan kedua (F-2) sudah dapat diproduksi dari hasil budidaya, namun benih turunan ketiga (F-3) belum dapat diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakteristik morfologis dan pertumbuhan larva ikan kerapu bebek F-3 sebagai calon induk F-3, serta tingkat keberhasilan produksi benihnya. Pemeliharaan larva dilakukan dalam hatchery hingga larva menjadi benih. Parameter yang diamati meliputi panjang total dan panjang duri sirip larva, berat tubuh larva serta sintasan dan jumlah produksi benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang total larva umur 5, 15, 25 dan 35 hari, masing-masing adalah 3,20±0,07; 4,42±1,11; 8,35±1,12 dan 12,51±3,23 mm. Duri sirip mulai terukur pada larva umur 15 hari. Berat larva umur 30 hari adalah 0,11±0,04 g. Pola pertumbuhan panjang total dan berat tubuh larva adalah eksponensial, sedangkan pola pertumbuhan duri siripnya adalah linier. Masa pemeliharaan larva hingga menjadi benih adalah ± 40 hari. Jumlah benih ikan kerapu bebek F-3 yang diproduksi dalam satu kali siklus pemeliharaan berkisar 440 hingga 2.300 ekor dari 50 ekor induk dan 3 kali siklus pemijahan dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 1,30% hingga 8,80%. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa ikan kerapu bebek F-3 dapat diproduksi dari hasil budidaya seperti halnya pada F-1 dan F-2. ABSTRACTBroodstocks are the most important part of humpback grouper culture, but their availability in nature are limited. Therefore, it is necessary to produce broodstock candidates from culture. The first (F-1) and the second (F-2) generation of humpback grouper have already been produced but the third generation (F-3) production is still on the way. This study was conducted to find out morphological characteristic of the third generation (F-3) of humpback grouper larvae as the candidate of the third generation of broodstock, larval growth and the success rate of seed production. Larvae rearing was done in hatchery until larvae metamorphosed to be seeds. Observed variables including larval total length and spine length, larval body weight, survival rate and the juvenile productions. The study result showed the total length of 5, 15, 25 and 35 days old larvae were 3.20±0.07; 4.42±1.11; 8.35±1.12 and 12.51±3.23 mm, respectively. The spine began measured on 15 days old larvae. The body weight of 30 days old larvae was 0.11±0.04 g. The growth pattern of larval total length and body weight were exponential, while the growth of spine was linear. Rearing period from larvae to juveniles was 40 days. Number of F-3 seed production of humpback grouper produced from once rearing cycle range between 440 and 2,300 fish and the survival rate range from 1.30% up to 8.80%. Therefore, this study could indicate that seed of F-3 humpback grouper can be produced as those of F-1 and F-2.

scholarly journals The effect of lycopene and vitamin E on the growth performance, quality and oxidative stability of chicken leg meat

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 536-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Englmaierová ◽  
I. Bubancová ◽  
T. Vít ◽  
M. Skřivan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Control Group

&nbsp;A 2 &times; 3 factorial design experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding lycopene <br />(0 and 75 mg/kg) and vitamin E (0.50 and 100 mg/kg) to the diet of chickens. Moreover, the study investigated growth traits, oxidative stability and chemical composition of leg meat and the vitamin content of meat and liver. The study was conducted using five hundred and forty Ross 308 male broilers that were assigned to one of the six dietary treatments. Significant interactions between lycopene and vitamin E additions affected the body weight of 21-days-old chickens (P = 0.005), the malondialdehyde content in fresh leg meat (P &lt; 0.001) and leg meat stored for 3 days at temperatures of 2.5 to 4&deg;C (P = 0.032), the cholesterol content in leg meat (P &lt; 0.001) and the lycopene content in liver (P = 0.006). The chickens with the highest body weight were fed 75 mg/kg of lycopene and 50 mg/kg of vitamin E. The vitamin E supplement increased the oxidative stability of fresh and stored leg muscle (P &lt; 0.001). The lowest mean cholesterol value (3.49 g/kg of dry matter) was found out in the meat from broilers that were fed 75 mg/kg of lycopene in contrast to broilers fed the control treatment without lycopene (3.93 g/kg of dry matter). Dietary vitamin E significantly reduced the fat content (P = 0.033) and increased the ash content of&nbsp;leg meat. The highest lycopene concentration in liver (2.82 mg/kg of dry matter) was in chickens that were fed the highest levels of vitamin E and lycopene in contrast with the control group (0.28 mg/kg of dry matter). &nbsp;

Rocking the Boat: Jonah and the New Historicism

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-402
Author(s):  
Yvonne Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Historicism ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Critical Imagination ◽  
Lines Of Force

AbstractThis reading is about critical versions of texts and how they survive (or over-live) in the critical imagination. It looks at three readings of the book of Jonah, from 1550, 1781-2 and 1860, the first freezing the moment where Jonah is catapulted from the boat as the narrative's single defining moment, the second abstracting the image of Jonah looking out over Nineveh and snarling over God's change of mind, and the third zooming in on the body of the whale, its species, jawsize and body weight. In each case it is clear that the book of Jonah (and thus the Bible) is not hermetically sealed off from culture nor merely read against a cultural background, but that the "Bible" and "Society," text and context, are held in complex and reciprocal lines of force. The story of Jonah, the whale, God and the Ninevites is a stage where the transformed fears and anxieties of cultures are acted out, and gives back to society a transformed, idealised, picture of itself.

scholarly journals Reserves to increase beef production and their use

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00005
Author(s):  
Leonid Kibkalo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sales Revenue ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Special Diets ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

The studies were carried out on three groups of superreplacement heifers of the Simmental breed, which were impregnated at the body weight of 360 kg. In the first group there were 32 unimpregnated heifers, in the second – 28 heifers, in the third – 30 heifers. The heifers of the first group after growing at the age of 18 months were taken for meat. 56 heifers gave the crop. The heifers were transferred for reproduction, and the bull-calves were put on cultivation and further fattening. To obtain well-fed animals, special diets were made so that the average daily gain was at least 650-700 g. After calving, the cows of the second group were taken for meat, and the cows of the third group were put on a 3-month fattening, and then taken for meat. The pre-slaughter weight of animals of the first group was 52 kg lower than that of animals of the second group and 104.7 kg lower than that of the third group. The difference was statistically significant at P>0.999. The interior fat mass was higher in the carcasses of cows of the second group by 1.1 and 3.2 kg compared to the animals of the third and first groups. The carcass yield was almost at the same level slightly ahead of the animals of the first group. Their slaughter yield was 60.1%, in other groups – 58.8-59.6%. The meatiness ratio was slightly higher in animals of the first group. The carcass weight of the first-calf heifers of the third group was 27.4 kg higher than that of the second group. Compared to the first group, this figure is higher by 52.6 kg. Specific carcass meat weight of the animals of the third group was 82.75%, which is higher than in the second and first groups by 0.41-0.85%, respectively. Heavy cowbanes weighing 32.6 and 40.4 kg were obtained from the animals. The skin of animals of the third group was 3.5-21.6 dm2 larger in area than of the animals of the second and first groups. Feeder bull-calves (n=27) had a removable mass of 532 kg. Heavy (282.3 kg) carcasses of good morphological composition were obtained from them. The sales revenue from first-calf heifers (second group) was higher than fattened heifers by 10.4%, and in comparison with fattened animals after calving (third group) it was lower by 9.4%. From the sale of one cow with a crop, 2.9 times more profit was received than from the sale of a heifer.

Reno-, hepato- and splenomegaly of common carp fingerlings (Cyprinus carpio L.) diseased in swimbladder inflammation caused by Sphaerospora renicola Dyková et Lom, 1982

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Al-Samman ◽  
K. Molnár ◽  
Cs. Székely ◽  
J. Reiczigel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Kidney Liver

The weight of internal organs (swimbladder, kidney, liver, spleen) in relation to the body weight was studied in common carp fingerlings divided into three groups on the basis of swimbladder appearance and microscopic examination of the kidney. The fish had been collected from different Hungarian fish farms at the time when swimbladder inflammation (SBI) usually occurs (in July and August). The first group comprised fish with severe signs of SBI and massive renal sphaerosporosis, the second group consisted of fish with milder swimbladder changes and/or kidney infection by a low number of Sphaerospora renicola, while the third group was constituted by infection-free common carp fry. Statistical analysis of swimbladder, kidney, liver and spleen weight in relation to the body weight revealed that in the infected groups the internal organs were substantially enlarged. This suggests that in common carp fry with SBI the swimbladder changes are accompanied by reno-, hepato- and splenomegaly.

scholarly journals Sheep fertility during induction and estrus synchronisation in the anoestrus season depending of the body weight of tested eves

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
Civijan Mekic ◽  
Predrag Perisic ◽  
Zorica Novakovic ◽  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
Radomir Vujic
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Third ◽  
Veterinary Institute ◽  
Sexual Reaction

The aim of this research was to determine if there are differences in sexual reaction of the grown sheep II de frans breed depending on the body weight of treated eves during induction and synchronization of estrus with fluorogestonacetate (FGA) + PMSG in anoestrus season. Total number of 262 eves was treated and they were divided in to three groups. The first group consisted of the sheep whose body weight was from 40 to 50kg, the second group of the sheep whose weight was from 50-60kg and the third group of the sheep whose weight was above 60kg. Each group received sponges of FGA. After removal of the sponges all sheep received intramuscular injection of 500 i.u of PMSG. The "Sugonal" prepared by Veterinary institute Subotica was used. After two days the insemination was conducted. The results show that from first group 43.78% sheep lambed, from second group 46.66% and from third group 59.32%. Average sheep fertility after treatments was for the first group 113.28%, 118.37% for the second group and 137.14% for the third group. The ratio of singles, twins and triplets was for the first group 72:28:0 %, for the second group 70.69:24.14:5.17%, and for the third group 47.92:45.83:6.25%. Determined differences between number of lambed sheep and treated sheep, fertility and number of twins, as well as between investigated groups were statistically significant (P<0,05). Conclusion is that sheep of body weight above 60kg have had significantly better reaction to the treatment.

Effect of Vasectomy and / or Adding Cuminum cyminum Seeds in the diet of Awassi Ram Lambs on their Carcasses Traits

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Tamara N. Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ram Lambs

     This experiment was carried out at Animal Farm, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, from Mar. up to Sept. 2010. Twenty eight Awassi ram lambs of 4-5 months old were equally divided into four groups of similar body weight and fed 2% of concentrate diet of body weight with grazing for 3-4 hours a day. The first group (C) and the third group (V) were fed concentrate diet free of cumin seeds; while the second group (CU) and the fourth group (CV) were fed the same amount of concentrate diet contain 3% of cumin seeds. All animals were grazed daily for 3-4 hours as one group. The third and the fourth groups were vasectomized by close vasectomy operation at the beginning of the experiment.  The results revealed that cumin seeds used as feed additives for Awassi ram lambs caused significant (P<0.05) increase in live animal body weight, fasting and empty body weight, hot and cold carcass weights also it had an effect on carcass measurements, empty digestive and stomach weight, most carcass joints weight, rib eye muscle area, Longismus dorsi weight, lean and fat weight in the rack joint compare with the control group. However vasectomy had significant (P<0.05) increase in the body weight, fasting, empty and hot and cold carcass weight, the weight of pelt, full and empty digestive system, most of joint weights, fat tail, fat weight of the rack joint, while the 4th group showed higher values than the most carcass traits compared with the 2nd and 3rd groups and significantly (P<0.05) higher than the control group (1st group). It is concluded that vasectomy and cumin seeds have positive effect on lamb performance and carcass traits. Cumin seeds can be used as effective and cheep feed additives. Further studied are required to prove the suitable ratio of cumin seeds addition alongside with castration in other farm animals.

scholarly journals Effect of Varying Doses of Estradiol Benzoate on the body weight and blood picture in Turkeys

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Saad J. Gatie, Bassam A. Al-Shimmary
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
Control Body ◽  
Rbc Count

A present study was carried out to investigate the effects of Estradiol benzoate 2 (mg/ml) hormone doses on the body weight and blood picture of Turkeys birds through studying the following parameters: body weight, RBC count , total WBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and platelet PLT. Forty growing Turkeys (30 days age) weighting between (250-350)gm were randomly divided into four groups (ten each group) treated as follows: Turkeys in the first group were injected with single dose of Estradiol benzoate (1 mg) on the first day of experiment (30 day post hatching) subcutaneously in the neck and termed as G1 group, the Turkeys in the 2nd group (G2) were injected Estradiol benzoate (2 mg) on the first day of experiment subcutaneously in the neck while the Turkeys in the third group (G3) were injected Estradiol benzoate (0.3 ml) at the first day of experiment subcutaneously in the neck the fourth group (G4) served as control, body weight was determined on (0, 15 and 30) days of experiment and blood samples were collected on 15th and 30th day of the experiment from groups to evaluate the blood parameters. Results revealed a significant increase (P<0.05) in body weight of G1, G2 and G3 in a comparison with control group at (15 and 30) days of experiment. Furthermore, in comparison among treated groups G2 and G3 also showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the body weight as compared with G1 group during periods. Moreover, data revealed that all treated groups showed non-significant differences in blood parameters experiment as compared with control group.

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