scholarly journals Study of Driving Behavior in Ilioupolis, Athens According to the Environmental Affordances Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Efthimios Bakogiannis ◽  
Charalampos Kyriakidis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Social Character ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
European Cities ◽  
The Social

The urban space is characterized by specific qualities that may contribute to, or mitigate the social life. These qualities were described by James Gibson as “environmental affordances”. But beyond social life, such environmental affordances can affect other human behaviors, such as driving behavior. Such an approach can be particularly useful, since the objective in most European cities is to regain the social character of roads and streets and thus to reduce the speeds on the roads and the number of cars. Through this research, conclusions can be drawn related to road elements that contribute to the development of high traffic speeds to prevent their use during urban planning while encouraging the use of other qualities that will support the maintenance of low speeds of cars. In the light of the above, the specific research focuses on a neighborhood of the southern suburbs of Athens, Ilioupolsi. Through observations and an electronic survey, conclusions are drawn on the behavior of drivers in Ilioupolis. Finally, an attempt is made to generalize the effects of the specific physical characteristics in order to optimize the design of cities where the roads will be social spaces in addition to vehicle traffic channels.

Urban Space and Aristocratic Power in Late Antique Rome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Machado
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Elite ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This book analyses the physical, social, and cultural history of Rome in late antiquity. Between AD 270 and 535, the former capital of the Roman empire experienced a series of dramatic transformations in its size, appearance, political standing, and identity, as emperors moved to other cities and the Christian church slowly became its dominating institution. Urban Space and Aristocratic Power in Late Antique Rome provides a new picture of these developments, focusing on the extraordinary role played by members of the traditional elite, the senatorial aristocracy, in the redefinition of the city, its institutions, and spaces. During this period, Roman senators and their families became increasingly involved in the management of the city and its population, in building works, and in the performance of secular and religious ceremonies and rituals. As this study shows, for approximately three hundred years the houses of the Roman elite competed with imperial palaces and churches in shaping the political map and the social life of the city. Making use of modern theories of urban space, the book considers a vast array of archaeological, literary, and epigraphic documents to show how the former centre of the Mediterranean world was progressively redefined and controlled by its own elite.

scholarly journals Rathaus – Bahnhof – Museum. Auswirkungen ausgewählter kommunaler und privater Einrichtungen auf das soziale Leben der Bevölkerung in Czernowitz zur Zeit der Habsburgermonarchie

2017 ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Michaela Seewald
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Town Hall ◽  
Railway Station ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Town

The 19th century is - as regards urban planning - characterized by the development of infrastructure, such as schools or hospitals. These changes can also be observed in the eastern parts of the monarchy. The regional focus of this thesis lies on Czernowitz, the capital city of the Bukovina since 1849. Three institutions - the town hall, the railway station and the museum - serve as an example to show how the construction of these buildings had an impact on the social life of the residents of Czernowitz. The article shows that identity is the central connective element.

Inclusive trends of urban development: Temporalspatial social practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
D. V. Zaitsev ◽  
O. V. Zaitseva ◽  
V. N. Yarskaya-Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Universal Design ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Spaces

The article presents the results of a review of the data of Russian and international research of social-urban development as presented at the scientific events in the Saratov region. In contemporary urbanism, there is a number of trends: temporal, of universal design, and social-cultural. The Russian urban development follows agglomeration trends that are increasingly evident in the processes of settlement, which means active development of suburban areas, changes in their landscape characteristics, cultural spaces, and mobility of citizens. The covid-19 pandemic had a complex impact on the social-urban features of cities in Russia and the world by transforming the structure and functionality of many urban locations, creating conditions for the emergence of a post-coronavirus city. The empirical data show that such a city is the most socially sensitive to negative and positive aspects of social life and to manifestations of inclusive practices that unite people. Under the low, fragmented accessibility of social, cultural and other infrastructure of cities that are designed for healthy people, there is a synchronization of urban infrastructure elements in the context of inclusion due to the social demand for a coronavirus transformation of the architectural and urban environment in terms of social distancing. Based on the research data from different regions of Russia, the authors identify priority directions of the inclusive development of social urbanism: models of the inclusive culture of urban communities; monitoring of the city accessible environment for citizens of different age and mobility (in particular, with the tracing and walk along approaches); model of participatory urban planning and social expertise of the inclusiveness of the urban space; educational model of professional training in the field of social urbanism and universal design.

scholarly journals The Perception of Teleworking by University Students Before and During the COVID-19 Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 04023
Author(s):  
Tomas Sigmund ◽  
Pavel Sladek
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social

Research background: Teleworking is becoming more current and more used. It is an instrument that allows and supports globalization. The corona crisis increased its use even more. Teleworking has advantages, but also disadvantages which are perceived and evaluated by its users. With its more intense penetration, the users’ perception will become an important factor in the implementation. Teleworking has effects both on the whole economy and on the employees - it affects their social life, their working relations, and their flexibility. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to identify the students’ perception of advantages and disadvantages of teleworking and the development of this perception from the year 2018 to the year 2020. In 2020, the data were collected during and after the corona crisis, and so we can observe its effects. Methods: We used an electronic survey to monitor students’ opinion on teleworking and processed the data by methods of descriptive statistics and more advanced statistical methods to obtain their characteristics. Findings & Value added: We found out that the perception of teleworking’s advantages and disadvantages didn’t change much from the year 2018 and stayed relatively stable in spite of the crisis. Only some effects of teleworking were considered by our respondents a little differently, e.g., the social aspects. Our findings may be used in addressing the perceived disadvantages of teleworking and supporting its advantages.

From socialist to post-socialist cities: Narrating the nation through urban space

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander C. Diener ◽  
Joshua Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Major Field ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces

The development of post-socialist cities has emerged as a major field of study among critical theorists from across the social sciences. Originally constructed under the dictates of central planners and designed to serve the demands of command economies, post-socialist urban centers currently develop at the nexus of varied and often competing economic, cultural, and political forces. Among these, nationalist aspirations, previously simmering beneath the official rhetoric of communist fraternity and veneer of architectural conformity, have emerged as dominant factors shaping the urban landscape. This article examines patterns, processes, and practices concerning the cultural politics of architecture, urban planning, and identity in the post-socialist city. In addition to assessing the main contours of this burgeoning field of research, this article highlights how this special issue ofNationalities Paperscontributes to a broader understanding of contemporary cultural and political change in post-socialist urban settings.

scholarly journals COVID-19 –global transition to a new architecture and urban development paradigm of the environment?

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Galina Aidarova ◽  
Aidar Aminov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Architecture Education ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
Global Transition

New trends in the social life at crucial points mean applying to the past experience and looking for new development models. COVID-19 has marked a global transition to a new architecture and urban planning paradigm of the environment in accordance with the sanitary, hygienic requirements and rational forms. In accordance with the current challenges it becomes necessary to reevaluate the concepts of urbanism and disurbanism redefining urban planning, existing typology, structural and functional organization as well as to search for new ways of architecture and urban development. Urban structures and sociology are expected to be reconsidered leading to reduced capacity of all public buildings, disappearance of some of them and replacement by recreation zones. Inexhaustible ideas and resources of past design approaches may be featured in the buildings styles. We could predict appearance of significant signs of new ethics in the new aesthetics which will mark the arrival of the third global «superstyle» which features have been already seen in the rigid construction approaches, in the social movements activities. Methods of architecture education are expected to be modified: in particular, the importance of advanced techniques in the educational process will increase and teamwork in the architecture projects will became vital.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITIES OF THE TOBOLSK PROVINCE IN THE LAST QUARTER OF THE XVIII – EARLY XX CENTURIES (HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE PROBLEM)

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Tomilov
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The study reviews scientific literature concerning the cities of the Tobolsk province in the late XVIII – early XX centuries. The article  features the works of scientists, published in the pre-revolutionary  period and affecting different sides of the subject in question. The  results of the research indicate that before 1917 the scientific works  were mainly concentrated on such aspects of urban life as  demography, trade, administration, urban space, education, local  government, and periodicals. The authors did not distinguish the  concept of «social life» as a separate phenomenon, limiting the  study of its individual components. The methodology includes the  use of techniques and tools of local, systemic, comparative- historical, and problem-chronological methods, as well as  developments «history of everyday life» and «new Imperial history». In general, the article emphasizes the expansion of scientific  knowledge about the social history of Siberian cities in the post- reform and late Imperial periods, reveals the influence of the  researchers ' views on the integration of urban life. The scope of the  study is not limited to the interest of historians, urbanists and local  historians to the subject of study. Historiographical analysis is  relevant from the point of view of modern discussions about the  prospects of urban studies, and can also be used in the preparation  of textbooks and summaries on Siberian history. 

scholarly journals TRÂNSITO COMO TEMÁTICA INTERDISCIPLINAR EM PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-203
Author(s):  
Anselmo Cordeiro de Souza ◽  
Maria Cecília Leite de Moraes ◽  
Leonardo Tavares Martins ◽  
Morenilza Bezerra de Conceição Fróes ◽  
Elaine Dos Santos Salzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Statistics ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject

O tráfego e a circulação humanos são, hoje, prioridades nas agendas políticas mundial e nacional, pelo impacto social de sua articulação e por conta da operacionalização, expressos em estatísticas epidemiológicas, criminais e ambientais, e no contexto das demandas logísticas de apropriação do espaço urbano. Este artigo objetiva explicitar a proposição interdisciplinar aplicada ao trânsito como mecanismo de produção de conhecimento, soluções e práticas melhores e mais efetivas. Trata-se de um ensaio teórico, que se limita a uma abordagem bibliográfica e narrativa, tendo como articulador um conceito nuclear em promoção da saúde, ou seja, o “saudável”. A partir da literatura consultada, confirmou-se a possibilidade da interdisciplinaridade como estratégia para superar as fortes tensões presentes na temática do trânsito. Isto significa uma valorização da vida e da saúde, por meio de uma estrutura congruente, ambientada na convivência e na relação fraterna, mediadas pelo trânsito como veículo de acesso e estreitamento das relações e dos laços humanos (físicos ou subjetivos), intencionando o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida social. A discussão a respeito do tema contribuiu para um clareamento e uma reflexão sobre a escandalosa necessidade de novos caminhos, baseados em propostas integradoras.Palavras-chave: Pesquisa interdisciplinar. Acidentes de Trânsito. Promoção da Saúde. Organização e administração.  ABSTRACT: Human traffic and circulation are now priority in the national and international political agendas, due to the social impact of its articulation and operationalization expressed in epidemiological, criminal and environmental statistics, and in the context of the logistic demands of urban space appropriation. This article aimed to explain the interdisciplinary proposition applied to traffic, as mechanism of production of knowledge, solutions and better and more effective practices. This is a theoretical essay limited to a bibliographical and narrative approach, which takes the concept of health promotion, namely "healthy", as articulator. From the literature consulted, we confirmed the possibility of the interdisciplinarity as a strategy to overcome the strong tensions present in the thematic traffic. It means that there is a valuation of life and health through a congruent structure, set in the coexistence and fraternal relationship, mediated by traffic as a vehicle of access and narrowing of human relations and ties (physical or subjective), intending the well-being and quality of social life. The discussion on the subject contributed to a clarification and reflection of the scandalous need for new paths based on an integrative proposal.Keywords: Interdisciplinary research. Accidents, Traffic; Health Promotion; Organization and Administration.

How the physical characteristics may affect the social life of streets in Athens, Greece?

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalampos Kyriakidis ◽  
Efthimios Bakogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Features

Abstract The urban space is characterized by specific qualities that may contribute to, or mitigate the social life. These qualities were described by James Gibson as “environmental affordances”. According to that theoretical perspective, urban designers and environmental psychologists should focus on the physical features of a space in order to understand and explain the way in which it functions and the degree to which is sociable. For the scholars of road networks, this approach is particularly useful because streets shape the platform for a wide range of social interactions and experiences. Streets are by definition social spaces, which not operate always efficiently because of their form and their particular characteristics. This is one of the primary reasons why it is stated in the literature that public space is now declined and as a result it needs to recover its old glamorous prestige and importance. In the light of the above, the specific research as primarily qualitative, is focused on studies of the urban form of the Athenian streets and proposes a typology for them considering some key physical characteristics which affect with a specific way the embedded social life. Finally, an attempt is made to generalize the effects of the specific physical characteristics to the socialization of urban spaces.

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