scholarly journals Youth Development in Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Armanda Keqi ◽  
Bora Kokalari ◽  
Sabina Beqiri
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
The State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Legal Immigration

Young generations are those who make lives livelier and happier, who design the future and make the change, the ones with full hope and enthusiasm to go further and make the impossible possible. As every country of Europe, Asia or America, Albania as well is surrounded by a very fruitful young ladies and gentlemen's. This paper aims to analyse the changes of the youth development in Albania during the transition period. The young development in Albania has faced many problems, such as the difference between the levels of development of the youths that live in the other cities of Albania with the ones of the capital. Rural areas and small towns are closed where a portion of youth in minor are totally dependent from family, and they are exactly that with their weak hands are inclined to do the heavy work to keep their family one more day alive. Youth at the opening of the borders, generally tended to leave towards legal immigration either as tourist or in illegal opportunities addressing major countries like Britain, Greece, Italy, Belgium etc. Albania needs to make arrangements which will be financed by businessmen, private universities in cooperation with the state to offer young people opportunities to work together and to be closer to each other and to show their skills in conversation competitions. At the same time the state has other open universities in backward areas which will provide young entrepreneurs' with more opportunities for young people to graduate and to serve different areas. Meanwhile, there is needed a strategy to separate the fields in which there is a need to have more expert in the field which is required to work also which would come more to help the country's economy with the addition of experts. Albania is a country blessed where high mountains finish in seas, where groundwater resources are numerous, and with a conductive climate to produce almost all kinds of fruits and where vegetation is very diverse. If the youth will be directed towards learning of foreign languages and in recognition of their territories, traditions and customs, thus, we would make a big step because tourism market is precisely the kind of market where young people will find themselves more comfortable than ever, where the labour force will be insufficient paid and where the demand for products would be required as the number of tourists would be great and just the requirements would change in terms of application areas during the summer as it would be for beaches and seasonal fruits, while during the winter for skiing and mountain tourism.

A PROPOSED EVALUATION PLAN TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF A YOUTH DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME FACILITATED BY THE STATE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AGENCY (SITA) IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Maura Mbunyuza-deHeer Menlah
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
State Information ◽  
Evaluation Plan ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
The Impact

This article reports on a proposed evaluation plan that has been developed to assess the work done by the State Information Technology Agency (SITA). The SITA programme was implemented in response to the South African government’s call to improve the lives of the populations in some rural areas through technology. The programme was meant to address slow development in  rural  areas  that  lack  technological  innovations  and  advances.  In  the proposed evaluation plan a review is made of secondary data, deciding how strategic priorities are to be determined, as well as analysis of the rural context environment. The researcher gives an account of how the evaluation strategies are to be piloted and rolled out thereafter. Lessons learnt are recorded and reported upon. A proposed evaluation plan will be developed, based on the lessons learnt in line with the objectives of the project.

Survey of the state of the art of computerisation in British meat plants and an assessment of training requirements

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
S J Porter ◽  
A J Kempster ◽  
A G Sains
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Young People ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Skilled Workforce ◽  
Industry Needs

The meat industry needs a skilled workforce to meet the challenges of the 1990's. The need is particularly acute in computing and information technology (IT) because people with the necessary skills are becoming notoriously difficult to find, even for the most technologically advanced and high-salaried industries. The expected fall by 20% in the number of young people in the national labour force between now and 1995 will exacerbate these difficulties, as will the poor perception that potential employees have of the meat industry.

scholarly journals Victorian National Premier Leagues 2018 - A homegrown players’ assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Piccinelli
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Premier League

Due to a lack of emerging young talent, in 2012 the Football Federation Australia (FFA) created the National-Premier-League (NPL) to promote a greater focus on youth development. One of the main objectives was that elite players would transition through the state clubs’ youth systems with greater opportunities to play senior football. The success of this reform has often been questioned and thus this project assessed the number of homegrown players in senior NPL rosters, their age and game time participation during the 2018 Victorian season. The overall proportion of homegrown players is approximately 12%. Only three State NPL metropolitan clubs have successfully produced internally for over 20% of their rosters demonstrating that it is still possible to compete at a senior level without relying on an internal youth system. It was also discovered that over a quarter of all homegrown players are produced in rural areas and that on average homegrown appearance in senior games is only 5.7 %. These results overall show that the NPL succeeded in restricting the signing of older players but in comparison to overseas homegrown production, proportions are far inferior confirming the concerns expressed by authors in regard to Australian youth football development and its environment.

scholarly journals Employment of the Rural Labour Force: State, Problems, Trends

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. Yugov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Regional Specificity ◽  
High Level

Employment is one of the constitutional rights that guarantees any human being a right to work and is protected by the state. In matters of employment among rural residents, there are problems that require an in-depth study. Many research works indicate that these problems have a regional specificity, which must be taken into account when developing recommendations. To identify this specificity, the author analysed the state and determined the main trends in the development of labour force employment in Lipetsk Oblast. The analysis shows that the region has a significant amount of labour force in rural areas, accounting for 29.8% (2018) of the total labour force throughout the region. There is a tendency towards a gradual reduction in labour force with an average rate of 0.5% per year. The state of rural labour force employment in the region is different across districts. State organisations play a great role in providing employment. Employment is diversified by the type of activity. The most serious problems in rural employment are: a high level of unregistered unemployment, no progress in the development of small business in rural areas as a way to increase employment, a negative impact of low initial wage rates for open jobs on the employment centre website. The trends in the development of employment in rural areas are: the increasing importance of nonagricultural sectors of the economy for employing the rural labour force and better employment in districts with actively developing industrial production.

scholarly journals Association of household income and female labour force participation rate in income generating activities in hill rural areas of Uttarakhand

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kandari ◽  
Uma Bahuguna
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
The State ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
Labour Force Participation Rate ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Income Generating Activities

As per 2011 Census, about 70 per cent of population in Uttarakhand state resides in rural areas and the ten hill districts out of total 13 districts of the State comprises 48.1 per cent of its entire population. Difficult terrain, lack of transport, lack of employment due to non availability of industrial sector along with small farm sizes and low farm incomes has fuelled large migration from these hill rural areas of the Uttarakhand to the urban regions across the country. The various studies reflect upon the importance of women in the economy of the hill areas as they share the burden of their families and their participation in employment and subsistence cum income generating activities mainly in the rural regions is much higher than the males. The importance of women further enhances amidst the severe problem of migration of males and mainly of the youths from these regions to the urban areas. The women are left back to work in most tough conditions further taking care of the domestic chores. The females labour force participation is higher in rural areas of the state, as per National Sample Survey Office, 68th Round, the female labour force participation rate in rural areas was 31.5 percent and 10.8 percent in urban areas of the state. In this context it is very important to understand the nature of female labour force participation i.e. , whether it is in non-income generating sector like agriculture or in purely income generating sector which mainly comprises of both i.e., agriculture and non-agriculture sector. The present study analyses this distribution of female labour force participation and depicts the association between the female labour force participation in income generating activities and the total household income.

demand for producer goods (that is, implements, fertilisers, etc.) was largely left unsatisfied, a fact which eroded the peasants' productive basis. The exchange with the peasantry became conditioned by the following three interlocking phenomena: (1) the reduction in relative and in absolute terms of official marketing of crops as result of the rapid expansion of parallel markets; (2) the galloping inflation of prices in the parallel markets; and (3) the consequent rapid depreciation of the currency and the increased reluctance to accept the metical in exchange for sale of goods. Although the surface appearances of these phenomena were generally recog-nised, the explanation of the underlying mechanisms was by no means clear. The dominant explanation of the problem came from the ministry of internal commerce which was in its day-to-day operation more directly con-fronted with the problem. According to this view the nature of the problem was the withdrawal from the market by the peasantry since money no longer bought goods. Hence, the payment of rural wages and the buying of cash crops channelled a volume of money into the economy far in excess of available pro-ducer and consumer goods directed to the peasantry. Cash balances therefore accumulated over time and the stimulus to further production was blunted. The fact that the supply of commodities destined to be traded with the peasantry was, in terms of value, far in excess of the official marketing of crops was the often quoted proof that peasants simply ran down cash balances to buy goods and did not produce more for exchange. This view often overlooked the impact of the demand springing from the wage bill and, hence, directly equated the difference between the supply of goods to the peasantry and the goods obtained in return with the running down of cash balances accumulated by the peasantry. The problem therefore was seen as one of an excessive volume of money being held in the rural areas: peasants had too much money relative to the available supply of goods. Therefore, they withdrew from the market and preferred to buy up any supplies forthcoming with the money in hand rather than through production. Implicit in this view was a conception of a single circuit of exchange between the state sector and the peasantry in which the state buys with money either cash crops or labour power, and subsequently the peasantry buys consumer and producer commodities from the state sector (with or without the intermediation of private trade). If both parts do not balance in value, idle balances of money will build up in the hands of the peasantry and over time blunt the incentive of production. The preoccupation was thus with the stock of money in the hands of the peasantry (as a measure of frustrated demand) and little attention was paid to its velocity since it was implicitly assumed that these balances remained idle (stuck in the peasants' pockets). Therefore, concerning economic policy, a solution was sought in the direction of neutralising the interference of accumulated balances by linking sale and purchase together. Hence, commodities would be sold to the peasantry only in exchange for the purchase of cash crops. Similarly, state farms would guarantee a certain part of the wage in kind to assure the flow of labour.

2013 ◽  
pp. 206-207
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
State Sector ◽  
Cash Crops ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Rural Wages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals ANALIZA PORÓWNAWCZA STANU SŁUŻBY ZDROWIA W WOJEWÓDZTWACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Marta Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The article compares the state of health care in selected thematic areas in voivodeships. It focuses on 2 main aspects, such as: health care expenses and the number of specialists. The analysis was carried out on data from 2018-2019. Its aim was to group voivodships according to selected variables regarding the state of health care. Their geographical location and demography were analyzed. The difference between the state of health care in urban and rural areas was featured.

scholarly journals Impacts of the state 4-H Council experience : a phenomenological study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bradd LeBow Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Grant ◽  
Land Grant University ◽  
Youth Outcomes ◽  
Leadership Experience ◽  
The Impact

Leadership has long been recognized as a subject central to the human experience. Prepared leaders can wield critical influence in the rise of cultures, the growth of human opportunity, and the lasting direction of world events. Studies of leadership inform the earliest writings of Aristotle, the history of warfare, the early success of the American space program, the impact of Nelson Mandela, and countless other examples of forces that have shaped our world today. It is logical to expect that the study of leadership will also inform the world of tomorrow, as young people mature to assume roles that guide the mechanisms of social change and cultural advancement. This study focuses on the impact of leadership experience, through engagement with a large-scale program designed to foster its effectiveness and success. The program is focused on the experience of adolescents and rooted at the University of Missouri, one of 69 Land Grant Universities, established by the Morrill Act of 1862 to expand access to higher education. Once established, the Smith-Lever Act of 1914 expanded the Land Grant University mission to include the Cooperative Extension Service, which will henceforth be referred to as Extension, an outreach component of Land Grant University programming which sent agents into rural areas to connect end users with the products of their university's agricultural science research. When they encountered target audiences who were unreceptive to their innovations, some of these agents found success in shifting their outreach focus from adults to youth, who were often more open to new approaches (www.4-h.org/about/4-h-history). ... The State 4-H Council model is an experiential youth development opportunity that is in line with the Missouri 4-H mission to engage youth as "valued, contributing members of their communities in partnership with caring adults" (4h.missouri.edu). It is intended to produce youth outcomes consistent with the Missouri 4-H vision to create an environment in which "youth and adults learn, grow and work together for positive change" (4h.missouri.edu). This study adds understanding to the impacts that can accrue from service on a state 4-H council and help inform the development of these councils in state 4-H programs beyond Missouri's borders. In doing so, this study will reveal elements of Missouri's State 4-H Council model that could be adapted by other avenues of leadership development, identifying factors that promote and detract from success and providing greater insight into the leadership experience.

scholarly journals National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Poland

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
The Difference

The report outlines the evolution of the labour market situation of young people in Poland between 2009 and 2019. Particular attention was paid to describe how the situation has changed across different age subgroups and degree of urbanization. The analysis includes descriptive statistics of the selected labour market indicators (employment and unem-ployment rate, NEET rate) along with educational and population data extracted from the Eurostat public datasets. The report shows that youth population in Poland has been declining over the past decade, especially in cities and rural areas. Labour market situation of young Poles worsened in the aftermath of financial and economic crisis. Since 2013 is has improved considerably. In 2019,the unemployment rate was below the pre-recession level and the lowest since the political and economic transformation. The pattern of labour market situation evolution was similar across all age subgroups and degrees of urbanisation, although those from the younger sub-groups were more vulnerable to economic fluctuations. In 2019, the difference between rural and urban areas in the unemployment level was minor. The employment rate and the NEET rate, however, was clearly higher in cities which suggests that many of those living in towns and rural areas remain outside the labour force. The level of school dropouts among youth is one of the lowest in the EU and has been relatively stable over the past decade. It is slightly higher in towns and rural areas than in cities, but the difference is not significant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document