Uji aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol Eleutherine americana Merr. terhadap Microsporum canis secara in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4A) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Buana Dewanti Wimpi ◽  
Diana Natalia ◽  
Effiana Effiana
Keyword(s):  
Tween 80 ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

Latar Belakang: Dermatofitosis adalah suatu kondisi penyakit yang ditandai dengan infeksi pada jaringan berkeratin seperti epidermis, rambut dan kuku. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh sekelompok jamur berfilamen terkait yang dikenal sebagai dermatofita. Bawang dayak (Eleutherine americana Merr.) merupakan tanaman berumbi merah yang mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan jamur golongan dermatofita. Metode: Umbi bawang dayak diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Uji aktivitas antijamur menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer dengan 5 variasi konsentrasi yaitu 60%, 30%, 15%, 7,5% dan 3,75%. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah itrakonazol 8 µg/disk sedangkan kontrol negatif yang digunakan adalah pelarut Tween 80 sebesar 10%. Hasil: Ekstrak umbi bawang dayak mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa saponin, kuinon, flavonoid, fenol, tanin, alkaloid, steroid dan triterpenoid. Uji aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak dengan metode difusi cakram tidak membentuk zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan Microsporum canis. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak tidak memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap pertumbuhan Microsporum canis.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. Ex K. Heyne.) terhadap Trichophyton mentagrophytes secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Woris Christoper ◽  
Diana Natalia ◽  
Sari Rahmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Tween 80 ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

Dermatofitosis adalah suatu infeksi pada jaringan berkeratin yang disebabkan karena adanya kolonisasi dari jamur jenis dermatofita. Salah satu spesies dermatofita yang paling banyak menginfeksi yaitu Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Tanaman bawang dayak (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. Ex K. Heyne) merupakan tanaman yang biasa digunakan masyarakat untuk mengobati penyakit kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol umbi bawang terhadap pertumbuhan Trichophyton mentagrophytes, mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi efektif larutan uji yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Metodologi penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental murni secara in-vitro dengan rancangan acak lengkap posttest only control group design. Aktivitas antijamur ekstrak diuji dengan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah itrakonazol 8 µg dan kontrol negatif adalah Tween 80 10%. Hasil penelitian adalah ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak memiliki aktivitas antijamur pada konsentrasi 600; 300; 150 mg/mL, KHM pada 150 mg/mL dengan zona hambat 9,15 mm, hasil skrining fitokimia didapatkan fenol,  flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan kuinon. Simpulan studi ini ialah ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap Trichophyton mentagrophytes

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. Ex K. Heyne.) terhadap Trichophyton mentagrophytes secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Woris Christoper ◽  
Diana Natalia ◽  
Sari Rahmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Tween 80 ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

Dermatofitosis adalah suatu infeksi pada jaringan berkeratin yang disebabkan karena adanya kolonisasi dari jamur jenis dermatofita. Salah satu spesies dermatofita yang paling banyak menginfeksi yaitu Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Tanaman bawang dayak (Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. Ex K. Heyne) merupakan tanaman yang biasa digunakan masyarakat untuk mengobati penyakit kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol umbi bawang terhadap pertumbuhan Trichophyton mentagrophytes, mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi efektif larutan uji yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Metodologi penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental murni secara in-vitro dengan rancangan acak lengkap posttest only control group design. Aktivitas antijamur ekstrak diuji dengan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah itrakonazol 8 µg dan kontrol negatif adalah Tween 80 10%. Hasil penelitian adalah ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak memiliki aktivitas antijamur pada konsentrasi 600; 300; 150 mg/mL, KHM pada 150 mg/mL dengan zona hambat 9,15 mm, hasil skrining fitokimia didapatkan fenol,  flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan kuinon. Simpulan studi ini ialah ekstrak etanol umbi bawang dayak memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap Trichophyton mentagrophytes

scholarly journals Uji aktivitas antijamur ekstrak etanol eleutherine americana. merr. terhadap trichophyton tonsurans secara in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ledi RN Sulistyawati ◽  
Diana Natalia ◽  
Mahyarudin Mahyarudin
Keyword(s):  
Tween 80 ◽  
Trichophyton Tonsurans ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

Dermatofitosis adalah infeksi pada epidermis kulit, rambut dan kuku disebabkan oleh jamur dermatofita. Salah satu spesies dermatofita yang tersebar di seluruh dunia yaitu Trichophyton tonsurans. Eleutherine americana. Merr. dipercaya memiliki kemampuan untuk mengobati penyakit kulit. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak dan mengetahui aktivitas anti jamur ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak terhadap pertumbuhan Trichophyton tonsurans. Metode: Ekstraksi umbi bawang Dayak menggunakan metode maserasi dengan etanol 96% sebagai pelarut. Analisis metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis. Uji aktivitas anti jamur ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer. Variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak 60%, 30%, 15%, 7,5% dan 3,75%. Kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah itrakonazol 8 µg/disk sedangkan kontrol negatif yang digunakan Tween-80 10%. Hasil: Analisis senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak didapatkan kuinon, alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid dan triterpenoid. Ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak tidak membentuk zona hambat terhadap Trichophyton tonsurans. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol umbi bawang Dayak tidak memiliki aktivitas anti jamur terhadap Trichophyton tonsurans.

PERILAKU DISOLUSI KETOPROFEN DAN INDOMETASIN FARNESIL TERSALUT GEL KITOSAN-GOM GUAR

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwantiningsih Sugita ◽  
Bambang Srijanto ◽  
Budi Arifin ◽  
Fithri Amelia ◽  
Mahdi Mubarok
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Magnetic Stirrer ◽  
Dissolution Behaviour ◽  
Shrimp Shell Waste

Chitosan, a modification of shrimp-shell waste, has been utilized as microcapsule. However, it’s fragile gel property needs to be strengthened by adding glutaraldehyde (glu) and natural hydrocolloid guar gum (gg). This research’s purposes were to study dissolution behaviour of ketoprofen and infar through optimum chitosan-guar gum microcapsule. Into 228.6 mL of 1.75% (w/v) chitosan solution in 1% (v/v) acetic acid,38.1 mL of gg solution was added with concentration variation of 0.35, 0.55, and 0.75% (w/v) for ketoprofen microcapsules and 0.05, 0.19, and 0.33% (w/v) for infar microcapsules, and stirred with magnetic stirrer until homogenous. Afterwards, 7.62mL of glu was added slowly under stirring, with concentrations varied: 3, 3.5, and 4% (v/v) for ketoprofen microcapsules, and 4, 4.5, and 5% (v/v) for infar microcapsules. All mixtures were shaked for 20 minutes for homogenization. All mixtures wereshaked for 20 minutes for homogenization. Into each  microcapsule mixture for ketoprofen, a solution of 2 g of ketoprofen in 250 mL of 96% ethanol was added, whereas solution of 100 mg of in 250 mL of 96% ethanol was added into each microcapsule mixture for infar. Every mixture was then added with 5 mL of 2% Tween-80 and stirred with magnetic stirrer for an hour at room temperature. Everymixture was then added with 5 mL of 2% Tween-80 and stirred with magnetic stirrer for an hour at room temperature. Conversion of suspension into fine powders/granules (microcapsules) was done by using spray dryer. The data of [gg], [glu], and medicine’s content from each microcapsule were treated with Minitab 14 software to obtain optimum [gg] and [glu] for microencapsulation. The dissolution behaviour of optimum ketoprofen and infar microcapsules were investigated. The result of optimization by using Minitab Release 14 software showed that among the microcapsule compositions of [gg] and [glu] were 0.35% (w/v) and 3.75% (v/v), respectively, optimum to coat ketoprofen, whereas [gg] and [glu] of 0.05% (w/v) and4.00% (v/v), respectively, optimum to coat infar, at constant chitosan concentration (1.75% [w/v]). In vitro dissolution profile showed that chitosan-guar gum gel microcapsule was more resistant in intestinal pH condition (rather basic) compared with that in gastric pH (very acidic).

Investigating Non-Therapeutic Pharmaceutical Substances for Improving In-Vitro Efficacy of Clindamycin Phosphate Against MRSA and Staphylococcus Epidermidis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Mohd Aftab Alam ◽  
Fahad I. Al-Jenoobi ◽  
Khaled A. Alzahrani ◽  
Mohammad H. Al-Agamy ◽  
Abdullah M. Al-Mohizea
Keyword(s):  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Individual Substance ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Excipients ◽  
Active Substances

The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of pharmaceutical excipients and other active substances on antimicrobial efficacy of standard antibiotic against resistant and susceptible microorganisms. Pharmaceutical excipients (sodium lauryl sulfate [SLS], Tween-80, citric acid, NaOH, NaCl) and active substances (fusidic acid, sorbic acid) were investigated to check in-vitro efficacy and their effect on the efficacy of standard antibiotic. Clindamycin was selected as standard antibiotic. Clindamycin was found to be ineffective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Fusidic acid and SLS showed concentration dependent effect against MRSA. Other tested substances were also ineffective against MRSA, and also failed to improve the susceptibility of MRSA towards clindamycin. The clindamycin + fusidic acid (0.05 µg, 0.1 µg), and clindamycin + SLS (0.5 mg, 1 mg) showed concentration dependent effect on Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis). Clindamycin combinations with fusidic acid or SLS showed better inhibition of S. epidermidis, than individual substance. At lower concentration of clindamycin (2 µg), the sorbic acid (25 µg) improves its effectiveness. SLS (0.5 mg, 1 mg) and clindamycin (4 µg, 10 µg) showed almost equal zone of inhibition against S. epidermidis, respectively. Present findings showed that certain pharmaceutical excipients (e.g. SLS) are effective against resistant and susceptible microbes, and suggested that more excipients should be screened for their antimicrobial potential and their ability to improve the efficacy of standard antibiotics.

Development and Optimization of Sustained Release Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride Loaded Nanoemulsion for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: A 32 Factorial Design Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar R. Pardeshi ◽  
Harshal A. Mistari ◽  
Rakhi S. Jain ◽  
Pankaj R. Pardeshi ◽  
Rahul L. Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Bacterial Conjunctivitis ◽  
Promising Alternative

Background: Moxifloxacin is a BCS class I drug used in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis. Despite its high water solubility, it possesses limited bioavailability due to anatomical and physiological constraints associated with the eyes which required multiple administrations to achieve a therapeutic effect. Objective: In order to prolong drug release and to improve antibacterial efficacy for the treatment of bacterial keratitis and conjunctivitis, moxifloxacin loaded nanoemulsion was developed. Methods: The concentration of oil (oleic acid), surfactant (tween 80), and cosurfactant (propylene glycol) were optimized by employing a 3-level 2-factorial design of experiment for the development of nanoemulsion. The developed nanoemulsion was characterized by particle size distribution, viscosity, refractive index, pH, drug content and release, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and antibacterial study. The compatibility of the drug with the excipients was accessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Result: The average globule size was found to be 198.20 nm. The TEM study reveals the globules were nearly spherical and are well distributed. In vitro drug release profile for nanoemulsion shown sustained drug release (60.12% at the end of 6 h) compared to drug solution, where complete drug released within 2 h. The antibacterial effectiveness of the drug-loaded nanoemulsion was improved against S. aureus compared with the marketed formulation. Conclusion: The formulated sustained release nanoemulsion could be a promising alternative to eye drop with improved patient compliance by minimizing dosing frequency with improved antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Ibuprofen Nanosuspensions for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Hedaya ◽  
Farzana Bandarkar ◽  
Aly Nada
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Extent Of Absorption ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: The objectives were to prepare, characterize and in vivo evaluate different ibuprofen (IBU) nanosuspensions prepared by ultra-homogenization, after oral administration to rabbits. Methods: The nanosuspensions produced by ultra-homogenization were tested and compared with a marketed IBU suspension for particle size, in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption. Five groups of rabbits received orally 25 mg/kg of IBU nanosuspension, nanoparticles, unhomogenized suspension, marketed product and untreated suspension. A sixth group received 5 mg/kg IBU intravenously. Serial blood samples were obtained after IBU administration. Results: The formulated nanosuspensions showed significant decrease in particle size. Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone K30 (PP) was found to improve IBU aqueous solubility much better than the other tested polymers. Addition of Tween 80 (TW), in equal amount as PP (IBU: PP:TW, 1:2:2 w/w) resulted in much smaller particle size and better dissolution rate. The Cmax achieved were 14.8±1.64, 11.1±1.37, 9.01±0.761, 7.03±1.38 and 3.23±1.03 μg/ml and the tmax were 36±8.2, 39±8.2, 100±17.3, 112±15 and 105±17 min for the nanosuspension, nanoparticle, unhomogenized suspension, marketed IBU suspension and untreated IBU suspension in water, respectively. Bioavailability of the different formulations relative to the marketed suspension were the highest for nanosuspension> unhomogenized suspension> nanoparticles> untreated IBU suspension. Conclusion: IBU/PP/TW nanosuspensions showed enhanced in vitro dissolution as well as faster rate and higher extent of absorption as indicated from the higher Cmax, shorter tmax and larger AUC. The in vivo data supported the in vitro results. Nanosuspensions prepared by ultra-high-pressure-homogenization technique can be used as a good formulation strategy to enhance the rate and extent of absorption of poorly soluble drugs.

scholarly journals Study of the Activity of 3-benzyl-5-(4-chloro-arylazo)-4-thioxo-imidazolidin-2-one against Schistosomiasis Mansoni in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Cristina Apolinário da Silva ◽  
Juliana Kelle de Andrade Lemoine Neves ◽  
João Inácio Irmão ◽  
Vláudia Maria Assis Costa ◽  
Valdênia Maria Oliveira Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
No Production ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Oil Water

Previous studies conducted with the imidazolidinic derivative 3-benzyl-5-(4-chloro-arylazo)-4-thioxo-imidazolidin-2-one (LPSF-PT05) show outstanding activity against adultSchistosoma mansoniwormsin vitro. In the first phase of this study,S. mansoni-infected mice were treated, orally, with 100 mg/Kg of the LPSF-PT05 in three formulations: Tween 80 and saline solution, oil/water (70 : 30) emulsion, and solid dispersion with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the second phase, three other doses of the LPSF-PT05 in PEG were tested: 3, 10, 30 mg/kg. These treatment regimens significantly reduced the number of recovered worms due to increases in the solubility of the compound in this formulation; the greatest reduction (70.5%) was observed at the dose of 100 mg/kg. There was no changes in the pattern of mature egg compared to immature eggs; however there was a significant increase in the number of dead eggs. Histopathological analysis of liver tissue showed changes in morphological aspects of the hepatic parenchyma with decrease exudative-productive hepatic granuloma stages, although we found no significant differences in IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, or NO production in response to the specific antigen SEA. The results show the derivative LPSF-PT05 to be a potential candidate in the etiological treatment of schistosomiasis with a possible dampening effect of the granulomatous process.

scholarly journals Efeito fungitóxico do óleo essencial de aroeira da praia (Schinus terebinthifolius RADDI) sobre Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F.G Oliveira Junior ◽  
R.B. Santos ◽  
F.O. Reis ◽  
S.T Matsumoto ◽  
W.M.S. Bispo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Schinus Terebinthifolius

Neste trabalho foi avaliado o efeito do óleo essencial do fruto de Schinus terebinthifolius sobre o crescimento micelial do fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro, e no desenvolvimento da antracnose no período de pós-colheita em mamões. As diferentes concentrações de óleo foram diluídas em Tween 80 a 8%. No experimento in vitro foram preparados meios de cultura BDA nas concentrações de 0,05; 0,10; 0,25 e 0,50% do óleo essencial. O controle negativo foi realizado apenas com meio BDA e o controle solvente com meio BDA e Tween 80 a 8%. A inibição do crescimento do fungo foi diretamente proporcional à quantidade do óleo e a maior inibição encontrada foi de 79,07% na concentração de óleo de 0,50%. No experimento in vivo os frutos do mamoeiro foram inoculados com o fungo em quatro tratamentos: com biofilme; com biofilme mais 0,50% do óleo; com fungicida Prochloraz e frutos controle. Embora o tratamento com óleo tenha sido eficiente contra o fungo, não foi indicado comercialmente, pois apresentou valores elevados de perda de massa fresca, de firmeza, e também sintomas de fitotoxidade. O óleo tem propriedade antifúngica contra C. gloeosporioides in vitro e in vivo, contudo, não é recomendado para o mamão em função da fitotoxidez

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF MICROEMULSION FORMULATION FOR ORAL DELIVERY OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Himanshu Paliwal ◽  
Ram Singh Solanki ◽  
Chetan Singh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Microemulsion Formulation ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Rosuvastatin Calcium

The purpose of conducting this study was to prepare an oral microemulsion formulation of Rosuvastatin calcium (RC) to improve its water solubility. Oil in water microemulsion was formulated using Oleic acid, Tween 80 and Polyethylene Glycol-400(PEG-400) as oil, surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively. The ideal proportion of surfactant: co-surfactant (Smix) was chosen by constructing pseudoternary diagrams. The microemulsion formulations which proved to be stable after thermodynamic stability testing were further evaluated for physical characteristics. Selected formulations were evaluated for droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, viscosity and % drug content. The results were suggestive that optimized microemulsion formulation (F2) was thermodynamically stable and clear having a droplet size of 74.29 nm and zeta potential of -18.44.  In vitro dissolution study for optimized microemulsion was performed using a dialysis bag method and cumulative % drug release was determined. The result from the release study was indicative of improved solubility of Rosuvastatin calcium which may serve to boost up the oral bioavailability of drug.

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