Chemical structure and dissolution behaviour of CaO and ZnO containing alkali-borosilicate glass

Within the context of the UK’s radioactive waste vitrification programme, which utilises a lithium-sodium borosilicate glass modified with CaO and ZnO to immobilise high level nuclear waste, an investigation was...

RespiCellTM: An Innovative Dissolution Apparatus for Inhaled Products

To overcome some of the shortfalls of the types of dissolution testing currently used for pulmonary products, a new custom-built dissolution apparatus has been developed. For inhalation products, the main in vitro characterisation required by pharmacopoeias is the deposition of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in an impactor to estimate the dose delivered to the target site, i.e., the lung. Hence, the collection of the respirable dose (<5 µm) also appears to be an essential requirement for the study of the dissolution rate of particles, because it results as being a relevant parameter for the pharmacological action of the powder. In this sense, dissolution studies could become a complementary test to the routine testing of inhaled formulation delivered dose and aerodynamic performance, providing a set of data significant for product quality, efficacy and/or equivalence. In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, an innovative dissolution apparatus (RespiCell™) suitable for the dissolution of the respirable fraction of API deposited on the filter of a fast screening impactor (FSI) (but also of the entire formulation if desirable) was designed at the University of Parma and tested. The purpose of the present work was to use the RespiCell dissolution apparatus to compare and discriminate the dissolution behaviour after aerosolisation of various APIs characterised by different physico-chemical properties (hydrophilic/lipophilic) and formulation strategies (excipients, mixing technology).

Dissolution behaviour and imageability of ternary borate glasses for use in geniculate artery embolization

Sixteen borate glass compositions comprising K2O and SrO were screened, using a design of mixtures approach, to model compositional effects on dissolution, CT imageability, and MRI relaxivity (R2). Based on the characteristics of each network, together with dose determination and toxicological risk, the composition identified as BKSA16 was selected as a preferred composition for pre-clinical evaluations related to geniculate artery embolization (GAE). Accordingly, BKSA16 particles were subjected to a flame spheroidization process and recharacterized, including the evaluation of residual mass at 72 h in physiologically representative media along with clinical determinations of suspension time (ease of use). For both the irregular particles and microspheres residual mass was present at 72 h in physiologically representative media. Additionally, both the microspheres and irregular particles achieved suspension times deemed to be acceptable for clinical use. The collective data confirms that BKSA16 microspheres have a range of beneficial features (specifically both degradable and imageable) suited to GAE.

ROLE OF FUNCTIONALIZED GUAR GUM IN SOLID DISPERSION OF NON-STEOIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG

The current investigation was developed to study the role of functionalized guar gum as carrier in solid dispersion of iboprofen. The solid dispersion technique using aminated guar gum would be an effective approach for increasing the solubility and increasing dissolution behaviour of ill fathomable medicament than the native guar gum. The results of FTIR and DSC studies confirmed that there is no chemical interaction or no incompatability between the drug and excipients. The invitro dissolution study was performed for the the prepared formulations. Based on the results SD3 was shown highest drug release 99.41% within 24hrs. Stabiliy study was conducted as per ICH guidelines and the falloutsrevealed that there is no physical or chemical change.it may be concluded that solubility of ibuprofen can br improved by using functionalized guar gum in the solid dispersion, which provides a wide scope for the therapeutic efficiency.

Dissolution profile of Curcumin from solid dispersion prepared at a high drug load of Curcumin using Poloxamer 407 as the carrier

Introduction: Curcumin, a BCS II drug, suffers from poor bioavailability. Increasing curcumin dissolution is a way to increase its bioavailability. Solid dispersion formulation can be used to improve curcumin dissolution. However, the successful curcumin solid dispersion is limited to a relatively low drug load (< 20%). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the dissolution behaviour of curcumin at a higher drug load (27.9%, 42.3%, and 56.6%) using a surfactant carrier of poloxamer 407. Methods: The solvent evaporation method was employed to prepare high drug load solid dispersion of curcumin. A physical mixture of the corresponding solid dispersion formulation was prepared as a control. Drug load, dissolution behaviour in 180 minutes, and dissolution efficiency (DE180) were determined. Results: The results showed that incorporating curcumin into a poloxamer 407 solid dispersion significantly improves the dissolution rate of curcumin. In the solid dispersion formula, the dissolution behaviour of curcumin was found to be carrier-dependent.

Enhancement of Dissolution Rate and Bioavailability of Nifedipine by Chitosan Based Cocrystallization Technique

The objective of present study was to enhance solubility and dissolution behaviour of nifedipine by using cocrystallization method. A significant increase in solubility and dissolution rate of nifedipine has been demonstrated by solvent change method using chitosan. In this method, chitosan was precipitated on nifedipine crystals using sodium citrate as a salting out agent. An accurately weighed chitosan was dissolved in 1% acetic acid and drug was added in the chitosan solution. This resulting solution was added drop wise into 1% sodium citrate solution with continuous stirring. Sodium citrate precipitate polymer on drug crystals. FTIR, DSC, XRD, SEM, In-vitro dissolution studies, were studied for characterization of prepared cocrystals. Stability studies showed a good stability character of prepared cocrystals. Design Expert® software version 10.0 was used to develop polynomial models which were analysed to delineate the main effects for each CQA (critical quality attributes) through Box-Bhenken design expert. Pharmacokinetic study clearly showed the enhancement of dissolution rate of cocrystals. The above investigation concluded that the significant dose reduction is possible for nifedipine with cocrystal formulation which leads to improve patient compliance.