scholarly journals Mobility management

Upravlenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
T. N. Sakulyeva
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transport Behavior ◽  
Management Concept ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
The Cost

The mobility management concept encompasses various services, organisational and advisory measures that allow users to change their travel choices.The article investigates various aspects and factors of mobility management policy. The transport behavior, the possibilities and expediency of joint trips, cycling and walking, the issues of changing transport behavior and making changes in transport infrastructure were studied. The cost-effective options for improving the road use efficiency, the volume and quality of information given to traffic participants as well as the intensity of its provision, which ensure the success of the mobility management policy, were analysed.The comprehensive policy in the field of bicycle and pedestrian traffic is necessary at the city level or even at the national level linked to the policy of urban development for the successful use of bicycle and pedestrian transport. The mobility management policy directed to encourage the wider use of cycling and pedestrian transport should be aimed to removing barriers obstructing their use. It is also necessary to make changes in existing infrastructure in order to increase the traffic capacity during rush hours.

scholarly journals Nine Recommendations for the Safety on Road both of the People and the Traffic Police

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Madhur Dev Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
The Road ◽  
The People ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Injured Patients

Safety of people and traffic police on road and the provision of prompt and appropriate treatment of injured persons in road accident are urgent concerns. The nine recommendations accordingly made are 1) Considering anyone who informs about or brings to the hospitals the accident victims as innocent until proved otherwise, 2) Annual payment by all vehicle owners (as per the cost of vehicles) to generate treatment fund for any road accident injured patients in the free general (not paying or private or extended health service) outdoor or emergency clinics or ward of the public hospitals irrespective of anyone’ fault in the accident (insurance or other agencies may be assigned to handle the amount deposited and reimbursement of the payments to the hospitals), 3) Implementation of helmet wearing by motorcycle riders and pillion riders in motorcycles, 4) Stricter fine for hazardous traffic offenses, 5) Drivers of the larger vehicles should not automatically be held responsible for any accidents involving other smaller vehicles (to prevent smaller vehicles and motorcycles to drive recklessly), 6) Drivers should not be just held responsible to bear health expenses of injured patients (which is much more than the compensation required in the event of death of injured persons); this is to encourage drivers to take injured persons immediately to hospitals and prevent inclination to allow their deaths indirectly or directly; the drivers should be proportionately fined or punished as per the traffic regulations if they are found to be negligent, 7) Safe and visible platform for the traffic police to stay on the road, 8) Provision of cost-effective respirators for traffic police and traffic supervisors, and 9) Compensation for occupational hazards to the traffic police and field traffic supervisors by distributing to them adequate proportion (e.g. one-third to one-half) of the fund collected by stricter fine paid for the hazardous traffic offences. Provision of various allowances, including for hazards, and benefits is a common practice in the country. Compensation for the occupational hazards of the traffic police provides incentives to and motivates them to remain vigilant about hazardous traffic offenses day and night everywhere and, thus, is essential for the safety of the people.   

scholarly journals Hospital-based evidence on cost-effectiveness of brucellosis diagnostic tests and treatment in Kenyan hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0008977
Author(s):  
Lorren Alumasa ◽  
Lian F. Thomas ◽  
Fredrick Amanya ◽  
Samuel M. Njoroge ◽  
Ignacio Moriyón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Hospitals in Kenya continue to use the Febrile Antigen Brucella Agglutination Test (FBAT) to diagnose brucellosis, despite reports showing its inadequacy. This study generated hospital-based evidence on the performance and cost-effectiveness of the FBAT, compared to the Rose Bengal Test (RBT).Twelve hospitals in western Kenya stored patient serum samples that were tested for brucellosis using the FBAT, and these were later re-tested using the RBT. Data on the running time and cost of the FBAT, and the treatment prescribed for brucellosis, were collected. The cost-effectiveness of the two tests, defined as the cost in US Dollars ($) per Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) averted, was determined, and a basic sensitivity analysis was run to identify the most influential parameters. Over a 6-month period, 180 patient serum samples that were tested with FBAT at the hospitals were later re-tested with RBT at the field laboratory. Of these 24 (13.3%) and 3 (1.7%) tested positive with FBAT and RBT, respectively. The agreement between the FBAT and RBT was slight (Kappa = 0.12). Treatment prescribed following FBAT positivity varied between hospitals, and only one hospital prescribed a standardized therapy regimen. The mean $/DALY averted when using the FBAT and RBT were $2,065 (95% CI $481-$6,736) and $304 (95% CI $126-$604), respectively. Brucellosis prevalence was the most influential parameter in the cost-effectiveness of both tests. Extrapolation to the national level suggested that an estimated $338,891 (95% CI $47,000-$1,149,000) per year is currently spent unnecessarily treating those falsely testing positive by FBAT. These findings highlight the potential for misdiagnosis using the FBAT. Furthermore, the RBT is cost-effective, and could be considered as the mainstay screening test for human brucellosis in this setting. Lastly, the treatment regimens must be harmonized to ensure the appropriate use of antibiotics for treatment.

scholarly journals Examine the Underlying Causes of Flexible Pavement Deteriorations, Methods of Maintenance and Pavement Condition Rating

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-238
Author(s):  
Pooja Kherudkar* ◽  
A. Hedaoo Namdeo
Keyword(s):  
Good Condition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Pavement Condition ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Condition Rating ◽  
The Cost

In India, the deterioration of asphalt pavement is a major issue in the road and highway sectors. It may occur due to a variety of factors such as premature aging, improper mix design, inadequate construction, and material quality, the improper structure design of pavement considering traffic, and a lack of preventive maintenance, among others. There are many types of distress in asphalt pavements known as disintegration (raveling, and potholes), fracture (spalling and cracking), and distortion (slippage deformation of permanent). This research aims to perform a physical survey for distress analysis and pavement condition rating using the IRC method. As a case study, four urban flexible pavement roads in the Pimpri Chinchwad Pune area were chosen. The roads are visually inspected to measure the severity to detect the types and extent of the distresses. Based on the severity of the distresses, the IRC method assigns a grade of 0 to 1.0 for poor condition roads, 1.1 to 2.0 for fair condition roads, and 2.1 to 3.0 for good condition roads. As per the pavement condition rating, two of the four urban roads were found to be in fair condition, while the other two were in poor condition. The cost-effective treatments were recommended from a variety of treatments such as slurry seal, fog seal, crack seal, micro-surfacing, thin cold or hot mix bituminous overlays, and surface dressing

scholarly journals Education and Research Enhancement in Land Administration Sector at Kathmandu University

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Subash Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
Centre Of Excellence ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
Effective Service ◽  
Potential Land

This paper aims to strengthen the existing education and research in Land Administration and draw attention of all national and international Land Administration community for their contributions to promote education and research in Land Administration in developing countries such as Nepal. This paper also deals with the challenges and opportunities in collaborative efforts made by KU and LMTC to become a leader in this sector. The cost effective and reliable information is necessary for effective public service delivery. The economic growth of any country involves the effective service delivery. This requires highly skilled and knowledgeable human resources and output oriented research. To make land administration education, a leader course in Nepal and also within the region in the future, KU has to overcome many challenges. Some challenges may be addressed in the national level but some require collaborations and cooperation from international level. Finally, Education and research in Land Administration sector helps to develop quality land administrational professionals which in turn may incorporate the entire South Asia region as a potential Land Administration market. KU is committed to develop a centre of excellence in Land Administration sector by providing quality education and research.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics, Vol. 14, 2015, Page: 14-17 

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

Sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein

Phlebologie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schulz ◽  
M. Jünger ◽  
M. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Duplex Sonography ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost

Summary Objective: The goal of the study was to assess the effectiveness and patient tolerability of single-session, sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy and to evaluate its economic impact. Patients, methods: We treated 20 patients with a total of 22 varicoses of the great saphenous vein (GSV) in Hach stage III-IV, clinical stage C2-C5 and a mean GSV diameter of 9 mm (range: 7 to 13 mm). We used 10 ml 3% Aethoxysklerol®. Additional varicoses of the auxiliary veins of the GSV were sclerosed immediately afterwards. Results: The occlusion rate in the treated GSVs was 100% one week after therapy as demonstrated with duplex sonography. The cost of the procedure was 207.91 E including follow-up visit, with an average loss of working time of 0.6 days. After one year one patient showed clinical signs of recurrent varicosis in the GSV; duplex sonography showed reflux in the region of the saphenofemoral junction in a total of seven patients (32% of the treated GSVs). Conclusion: Transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the GSV is a cost-effective, safe method of treating varicoses of GSV and broadens the spectrum of therapeutic options. Relapses can be re-treated inexpensively with sclerotherapy.

A Digital Economy Model for Talent Prediction Data Analytic

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
Haru Purnomo Ipung ◽  
Amin Soetomo
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Data Analytic

This research proposed a model to assist the design of the associated data architecture and data analytic to support talent forecast in the current accelerating changes in economy, industry and business change due to the accelerating pace of technological change. The emerging and re-emerging economy model were available, such as Industrial revolution 4.0, platform economy, sharing economy and token economy. Those were driven by new business model and technology innovation. An increase capability of technology to automate more jobs will cause a shift in talent pool and workforce. New business model emerge as the availabilityand the cost effective emerging technology, and as a result of emerging or re-emerging economic models. Both, new business model and technology innovation, create new jobs and works that have not been existed decades ago. The future workers will be faced by jobs that may not exist today. A dynamics model of inter-correlation of economy, industry, business model and talent forecast were proposed. A collection of literature review were conducted to initially validate the model.

CAD Of Anticorrosive Protection Of Steel Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

The choice of cost-effective method of anticorrosive protection of steel structures is an urgent and time consuming task, considering the significant number of protection ways, differing from each other in the complex of technological, physical, chemical and economic characteristics. To reduce the complexity of solving this problem, the author proposes a computational tool that can be considered as a subsystem of computer-aided design and used at the stage of variant and detailed design of steel structures. As a criterion of the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion protection method, the cost of the protective coating during the service life is accepted. The analysis of existing methods of steel protection against corrosion is performed, the possibility of their use for the protection of the most common steel structures is established, as well as the estimated period of effective operation of the coating. The developed computational tool makes it possible to choose the best method of protection of steel structures against corrosion, taking into account the operating conditions of the protected structure and the possibility of using a protective coating.

Production of Asbestos-free Brake Pad Using Groundnut Shell as Filler Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Solomon ◽  
M. T. Lilly ◽  
J. I. Sodiki
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Groundnut Shell ◽  
The Cost

The development and evaluation of brake pads using groundnut shell (GS) particles as substitute material for asbestos were carried out in this study. This was with a view to harnessing the properties of GS, which is largely deposited as waste, and in replacing asbestos which is carcinogenic in nature despite its good tribological and mechanical properties. Two sets of composite material were developed using varying particle sizes of GS as filler material, with phenolic resin as binder with percentage compositions of 45% and 50% respectively. Results obtained indicate that the compressive strength and density increase as the sieve size of the filler material decreases, while water and oil absorption rates increase with an increase in sieve size of GS particle. This study also indicates that the cost of producing brake pad can be reduced by 19.14 percent if GS is use as filler material in producing brake pad. The results when compared with those of asbestos and industrial waste showed that GS particle can be used as an effective replacement for asbestos in producing automobile brake pad. Unlike asbestos, GS-based brake pads are environmental friendly, biodegradable and cost effective.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

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