FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED CHARACTERIZATION OF SALICYLIC ACID TREATED RICE PLANTS AGAINST Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in induction of plant defence against a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses through physiological, biochemical and molecular responses. The study was carried out to evaluate defence reponses of SA- induced rice plants against leaf blight (LB) disease, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). In this study, a series of SA solutions at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM were evaluated for their potential to protect rice LB in the net house conditions. Biochemical analyses were characterized by means of a FTIR spectroscope. Our results showed that at inoculated leaves, the elicitor of SA at a concentration of 1.0 mM had highest reduction of disease severity approximately 34 % at 21 days after inoculation, compared to the control. Moreover, SA application and Xoo inoculation were efficient for enhancing of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins modifications at both above and below leaves compared to the inoculated leaf. These results collectively suggest that the elicitor of SA strongly induced the systemic resistance in rice plants.

Download Full-text

Characterization of Nucleotide Binding Site-Encoding Genes in Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam., and Their Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Cytogenetic and Genome Research ◽

10.1159/000515834 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Zengzhi Si ◽

Yake Qiao ◽

Kai Zhang ◽

Zhixin Ji ◽

Jinling Han

Keyword(s):

Binding Site ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Nucleotide Binding ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Nucleotide Binding Site ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Encoding Genes

Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., is an important and widely grown crop, yet its production is affected severely by biotic and abiotic stresses. The nucleotide binding site (NBS)-encoding genes have been shown to improve stress tolerance in several plant species. However, the characterization of NBS-encoding genes in sweetpotato is not well-documented to date. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of NBS-encoding genes has been conducted on this species by using bioinformatics and molecular biology methods. A total of 315 NBS-encoding genes were identified, and 260 of them contained all essential conserved domains while 55 genes were truncated. Based on domain architectures, the 260 NBS-encoding genes were grouped into 6 distinct categories. Phylogenetic analysis grouped these genes into 3 classes: TIR, CC (I), and CC (II). Chromosome location analysis revealed that the distribution of NBS-encoding genes in chromosomes was uneven, with a number ranging from 1 to 34. Multiple stress-related regulatory elements were detected in the promoters, and the NBS-encoding genes’ expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses were obtained. According to the bioinformatics analysis, 9 genes were selected for RT-qPCR analysis. The results revealed that IbNBS75, IbNBS219, and IbNBS256 respond to stem nematode infection; IbNBS240, IbNBS90, and IbNBS80 respond to cold stress, while IbNBS208, IbNBS71, and IbNBS159 respond to 30% PEG treatment. We hope these results will provide new insights into the evolution of NBS-encoding genes in the sweetpotato genome and contribute to the molecular breeding of sweetpotato in the future.

Download Full-text

New insights into Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy: Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola 2021

Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola ◽

10.1051/ctv/ctv20213602173 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 173-175

Author(s):

Jorge Cunha ◽

Ilda Caldeira ◽

Sara Canas

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Management Technique ◽

Grape Seeds ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Anatomical Features ◽

Wide Range ◽

Water Constraint

New insights into Viticulture, Enology and Vitivinicultural Economy arise from the fourteen articles published by the Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola in 2021. Research carried out by several international teams covered a wide range of topics that seek to respond to current main challenges: chemical, morphological and anatomical features of the grapevine cultivars explored to withstand biotic and abiotic stresses; seaweed foliar application to grapevines as an innovative and integrated vineyard management technique; nutritional management of grapevine cultivars under cold climate conditions and under water constraint scenarios; viability and cost-effectiveness of photovoltaic solar energy for wineries; viticultural technologies and the food safety of wine; characterization of grapes and methods for juice production; chemical composition of grape seeds; development of analytical and sensory methodologies; portrait of the wine spirits sector in Portugal and its recent evolution.

Download Full-text

Genome-wide analysis of NDR1/HIN1-like genes in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and functional characterization of CaNHL4 under biotic and abiotic stresses

Horticulture Research ◽

10.1038/s41438-020-0318-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Changyun Liu ◽

Haoran Peng ◽

Xinyu Li ◽

Chaolong Liu ◽

Xing Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Genome Wide Analysis ◽

Capsicum Annuum L ◽

Genome Wide

Download Full-text

Infection with an asymptomatic virus in rice results in a delayed drought response

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp19241 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 239 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaymee R. Encabo ◽

Reena Jesusa A. Macalalad-Cabral ◽

Jerlie Mhay K. Matres ◽

Sapphire Charlene Thea P. Coronejo ◽

Gilda B. Jonson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Water Status ◽

Drought Response ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Leaf Rolling ◽

Rice Tungro Spherical Virus ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Increased Susceptibility

Infection of viruses in plants often modifies plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present study we examined the effects of Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) infection on drought response in rice. RTSV infection delayed the onset of leaf rolling by 1–2 days. During the delay in drought response, plants infected with RTSV showed higher stomatal conductance and less negative leaf water potential under drought than those of uninfected plants, indicating that RTSV-infected leaves were more hydrated. Other growth and physiological traits of plants under drought were not altered by infection with RTSV. An expression analysis of genes for drought response-related transcription factors showed that the expression of OsNAC6 and OsDREB2a was less activated by drought in RTSV-infected plants than in uninfected plants, further suggesting improved water status of the plants due to RTSV infection. RTSV accumulated more in plants under drought than in well-watered plants, indicating the increased susceptibility of rice plants to RTSV infection by drought. Collectively, these results indicated that infection with RTSV can transiently mitigate the influence of drought stress on rice plants by increasing leaf hydration, while drought increased the susceptibility of rice plants to RTSV.

Download Full-text

Bacterial Compound N,N-Dimethylhexadecylamine Modulates Expression of Iron Deficiency and Defense Response Genes in Medicago truncatula Independently of the Jasmonic Acid Pathway

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9050624 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 624 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vicente Montejano-Ramírez ◽

Ernesto García-Pineda ◽

Eduardo Valencia-Cantero

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Iron Deprivation ◽

Iron Deficient

Plants face a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses including attack by microbial phytopathogens and nutrient deficiencies. Some bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) activate defense and iron-deficiency responses in plants. To establish a relationship between defense and iron deficiency through VOCs, we identified key genes in the defense and iron-deprivation responses of the legume model Medicago truncatula and evaluated the effect of the rhizobacterial VOC N,N-dimethylhexadecylamine (DMHDA) on the gene expression in these pathways by RT-qPCR. DMHDA increased M. truncatula growth 1.5-fold under both iron-sufficient and iron-deficient conditions compared with untreated plants, whereas salicylic acid and jasmonic acid decreased growth. Iron-deficiency induced iron uptake and defense gene expression. Moreover, the effect was greater in combination with DMHDA. Salicylic acid, Pseudomonas syringae, jasmonic acid, and Botrytis cinerea had inhibitory effects on growth and iron response gene expression but activated defense genes. Taken together, our results showed that the VOC DMHDA activates defense and iron-deprivation pathways while inducing a growth promoting effect unlike conventional phytohormones, highlighting that DMHDA does not mimic jasmonic acid but induces an alternative pathway. This is a novel aspect in the complex interactions between biotic and abiotic stresses.

Download Full-text

Biotic and abiotic stresses induce AbSAMT1, encoding S-adenosyl-L-methionine: salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase, in Atropa belladonna

Plant Biotechnology ◽

10.5511/plantbiotechnology.26.207 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 207-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Soonil Kwon ◽

Kenichi Hamada ◽

Aya Matsuyama ◽

Michiko Yasuda ◽

Hideo Nakashita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Atropa Belladonna ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Carboxyl Methyltransferase

Download Full-text

Brassinosteroids roles and applications: an up-date

Biologia ◽

10.1515/biolog-2015-0085 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yamilet Coll ◽

Francisco Coll ◽

Asunción Amorós ◽

Merardo Pujol

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Plant Architecture ◽

Major Effect ◽

Genetic Determinants ◽

Plant Growth And Development ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Wide Range

AbstractBrassinosteroids are plant steroidal compounds involved in many functions related with plant development, metabolism, signalling and defense against a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant architecture, which has a major effect on crop yield, is strongly influenced by brassinosteroids action. Brassinosteroids are recognized as key regulators of plant growth and development involved in a broad spectrum of processes at the molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. These roles suggest that many of the constraints of present agricultural production might be alleviated by manipulation of genetic determinants dealing with brassinosteroids, as well as by its exogenous application. Brassinosteroids are natural, nontoxic, non-genotoxic, biosafe, and eco-friendly, and can therefore be used in agriculture and horticulture to improve the growth, yields, quality, and tolerance of various plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. The present paper comprehensively reviews the latest results in the field of brassinosteroids and envisages future impacts in agriculture.

Download Full-text