scholarly journals On the Subject of Bribery in Education: Criminal Law and Criminalistic Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
E.V. Hristinina ◽  

The article analyzes the criminal-legal aspects of the subject of bribery, the problems of legal regulation of responsibility for receiving bribes and petty bribery committed in the field of education. The article considers scientific points of view regarding certain features of the qualification of receiving bribes and small-scale bribery committed in the field of education. The practice of determining the minimum amount of a pre-determined bribe is subject to critical reflection. The concept of a gift is distinguished from the criminally punishable receipt of a bribe. The article sub-stantiates the relationship of the subject of the bribe with the situation and method of committing the crime and the identity of the criminal.

Author(s):  
Dmitriy Orlov

The question of the essence and understanding of the normative legal text is complex, affecting many legal and theoretical problems: legal understanding; the relationship of the legal system and the legal system; understanding the method of regulatory regulation and systematization of law; understanding the rule of law itself and its interpretation as a specific legal activity, as well as a number of aspects of legal technology. Variations of research on the presented topic have been the subject of various Humanities, such as philosophy, sociology, or even philology. However, previous studies did not provide a clear understanding of the phenomenon in question. Based on the analysis of different points of view and approaches, the author of the article examines the essence of the normative legal text, formulates its concept.


The paper discusses the basic psychological directions of the system of attitudes of drug addiction’s study. The analysis of the problem of the system of attitudes of drug addiction persons made it possible to consider the relationship of drug addicts as a triad of subject-subject attitude to the drug, subject-object attitude to other people and subject-object arritude to himself. Thus, the drug "humanizes", endowed with attributes of a person's mental life. Emotional attachment to the drug is "personalized," and its loss is experienced as the loss of some part of itself. Behavior in relation to the drug is manifested in his persistent search. While, another person is treated by drug addicts in terms of utility, acceptability, need, importance, importance for them. The result of the analysis of different points of view about the peculiarities of the system of attitudes among drug addicts was the construction of a model for studying the relationship of persons with drug addiction in the triad: the subject is a subjective attitude to the drug, the subject is the object relation to other people, and the subject is an objective relation to himself. Drug addicts, animate and personalize the drug, refer to it as a person. At the same time, their relation to other people and to themselves is reified, and others are perceived as objects for manipulation. The findings suggest that formation of subject-subject emotional stereotypes towards close women: mother and wife/girl who are based on the depreciation mother’s social status and further in exaggerating the negative qualities of a partner.


Author(s):  
Дмитрий Кокин ◽  
Dmitriy Kokin

In the article, author consider the essence of such crime as assault. As one of the important and at the same time difficult to understand signs of this corpus delicti, the subject of crime. Author analyze the corpus of several crimes against property and establish differences in the importance of the subject for the qualification of assault, in contrast to other crimes against property. Determining the value of the subject of crime, author analyze the relationship of various characteristics of corpus delicti of assault and other crimes against property. Particular attention is paid to the relationship of optional features of the crime object with signs of the objective and subjective sides. In this regard, author consider the provisions of criminal law, acts of its legal interpretation, as well as examples of judicial and investigative practices.


Author(s):  
Eleonora Romanovna Vinner

The subject of this research is differentiation by key aspects of criminal liability for unlawful operations with securities established by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Conceptual, special-legal, and technical-legal aspects of criminal liability for unlawful operations with securities are highlighted. Research is conducted on the problematic of the applicability of proposed differentiation for improvements of doctrinal and normative legal approaches towards regulation of criminal liability for unlawful operations with securities. Based on the conducted differentiation, proposals are made for promising vectors of improvements to the provisions criminalizing unlawful operations with securities. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the following: based on the study carried out within the framework of conceptual, special-legal, and technical-legal aspects of criminal liability for unlawful operations with securities, the author determines the problems pertaining to incompliance of administrative legal and criminal legal regulation of liability for unlawful operations with securities due to textual ambiguity of the norm of criminal law, based on which the recommendation is made to amend Part 1 of the Article 185.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.


1987 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Schweik

Exegi monumentum aere perennius.… non omnis moriar. From Horace onward, the relationship of art to human mortality has been a major theme in literature – and one which obviously interested Browning, if we may judge from some striking variations he worked on it. In “Cleon” and “Abt Vogler,” for example, his speakers address the subject from very different points of view: Cleon, the pagan, argues that the fact his art will survive after his death cannot in any meaningful way confer immortality on him and that, as an artist, he even more than others is painfully aware of his own limited life; Abt Vogler, on the other hand, confident of the changelessness of God's good, sees in his art a promise that both he and his improvisation will endure. Given Browning's penchant for pushing ideas to extremes and turning them in unusual directions, it is not surprising that he would treat the topic in other less predictable ways – as he did, for example, by making the inert changelessness of works of art in “The Statue and the Bust” comment ironically on human failure to act, or by endowing the worldly and sensuous Bishop at St. Praxed's with an appropriately literal faith in the kind of immortality a suitably artful tomb would confer upon him. It is not surprising, then, that similar topics would appear in “A Toccata of Galuppi's.”


Author(s):  
M. Pyzhova

Problem setting. The implementation of the norms of a particular branch of law can occur only in the relations that constitute its subject, thus transforming these relations into legal relations. Labor law is no exception. In this regard, the rules on guarantees must be considered in terms of implementation in relations that are part of the subject of labor law. Note that the relations that are the subject of labor law are governed by special methods that form a single method of this branch of law. This, in turn, gives rise to the assertion that an additional circumstance that allows to include the relations included in the subject of labor law to an independent form, is the possibility of applying to these relations methods of legal regulation characteristic of the method of this branch of law. This approach should be used in relation to the provision of guarantees and compensation, the inclusion of which in the subject of labor law as a separate type is not excluded. To do this, we highlight the main methods of legal regulation proposed by the science of labor law, which characterize the method of this branch of law. Analysis of recent research. The works of many labor scientists, in particular: N. Bobrova, M. Vitruk, D. Karpenko, T. Markina, P. Nedbayl, K. Urzhinsky, are devoted to the study of guarantees in labor law. V. Skobelkin, O. Smirnov, N. Stolyar, L. Surovskaya, O. Yaroshenko and others. Target of research is to consider the relationship between the methods of legal regulation of the method of legal law for the provision of guarantees and compensation. Article’s main body. The article covers the issues of legal regulation of labor relations for the implementation of legal guarantees. The peculiarities of the method of legal regulation are described. It is indicated how the methods of legal regulation of the method of labor law relate to the relationship of providing guarantees and compensations. It is concluded that the regulation of relations on the provision of guarantees and indemnities takes place using special methods that are not used in relations that are the subject of labor law. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Thus, the characteristics of the method of labor law, in terms of the possibility of applying its methods to the relationship of guarantees and compensation allows us to draw the following conclusions: the method of labor law is a special combination of ways to influence the rules of law on public relations. The regulation of relations for the provision of guarantees and compensation is using methods that determine the method of labor law. At the same time, the regulation of relations on the provision of guarantees and indemnities also takes place using special methods that are not used in relations that are the subject of labor law. This fact determines the specifics of their intended purpose and indicates the presence in the system of labor law of an independent legal institution – the institution of guarantees and compensations.


Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.


Pragmatics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Petraki ◽  
Sarah Bayes

Research in English language teaching has highlighted the importance of teaching communication skills in the language classroom. Against the backdrop of extensive research in everyday communication, the goal of this research was to explore whether current discourse analytic research is reflected in the lessons and communication examples of five English language teaching textbooks, by using spoken requests as the subject of investigation. The textbooks were evaluated on five criteria deriving from research on politeness, speech act theory and conversation analysis. These included whether and the extent to which the textbooks discussed the cultural appropriateness of requests, discussed the relationship of requests and other contextual factors, explained pre-sequences and re-requests and provided adequate practice activities. This study found that none of the coursebooks covered all of the criteria and that some coursebooks actually had very inadequate lessons. The results of the textbook analysis demonstrate that teachers using these five coursebooks and designers of future coursebooks must improve their lessons on requests by using pragmatics research and authentic examples as a guide.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 950-951
Author(s):  
Fabio Pereira ◽  
Hernan Moreno ◽  
William Crist ◽  
Rufino Ermocilla

Eosinophilia is a constant feature of Loffler's endomyocardial fibrosis.1,2 Three cases of this syndrome have been described in which acute lymphoblastic leukemia was concurrently present.3,4 Cytogenetic evidence in one of these cases suggested that the eosinophilia was "reactive" because the eosinophils had a normal karyotype while the lymphoblasts showed chromosomal aneuploidy.4 The subject of eosinophilia and eosinophilic syndromes has been extensively reviewed by others.5-8 The purpose of this report is to describe a boy with long-standing eosinophilia who presented with intractable heart failure, striking peripheral blood eosinophilia, and 38% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow. Current thoughts concerning the relationship of endomyocardial fibrosis, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and eosinophilia are summarized.


Author(s):  
A. Fatyhova ◽  
O. Bakanev ◽  
I. Kohanovskaya

In the digital era, the success of the professional development of future specialists in the process of obtaining higher education largely depends on their professional orientation (PN). Despite the significant interest in the subject of the study, the problem of identifying the factors that affect PN remains poorly understood. The purpose of the study is to determine the factors of the formation of PN of students enrolled in training and retraining programs, and the features of PN in the digital era. The article reveals the content and structure of the PN of future specialists in the era of digitalization. According to the results of the empirical research, the relationship of students' PN with indicators of life-meaning orientations, motives for choosing a profession and training was revealed; the relationship between students' life-meaning orientations and indicators of motives for choosing a profession and training at the stage of digitalization of education. The factors influencing the personal condition, and the factors of the formation of the personal condition of students, who are trained according to the programs of training and retraining of specialists, have been determined. As a result of an empirical study, it was concluded that a negative impact on the formation of PN is created by factors caused by various life circumstances, lack of independence of decisions in choosing a profession, low reflection of life goals, prospects for the future, rigidity of volitional and personal qualities, internal conflict in the structure of personality relationships, low pleasure training and the like. At the same time, the level of PN is significantly higher among students who receive a second higher education and who understand its importance at the stage of digitalization of education.


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