scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi from Sembukan (Paederia foetida L.) Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Hary Widjajanti ◽  
Christina Vivid Handayani ◽  
Elisa Nurnawati
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paederia Foetida

The antibiotic resistance of phatogenic bacteria has become a serious health problem and has encouraged the search for novel and effective antimicrobial metabolites. Meanwhile, endophytic fungi have great potential as a natural source for antimicrobial agents. The endophytic fungi that live in plant tissue produces secondary metabolites which potentially act as an antibacterial compound. The isolation of fungi for antibacterial sources reduces the large amount of plant as a source of antibacterial agents. Hence, this study aims to obtain endophytic fungi isolates from Paederia foetida L. that are capable of producing secondary metabolites as antibacterial, carry out in vitro tests to verify the antibacterial properties of secondary metabolites of the Paederia foetida L. endophytic fungi, and identify the potential of Paederia foetida L. endophytic fungi in producing antibacterial compounds. The antibacterial activity was tested against Escherichia coli ATCC8739 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 while seven isolates of endophytic fungi that potentially produced antibacterial were obtained from Sembukan (P. foetida L.). The results showed that antibacterial activities of SL1, SL4 and SL6 secondary metabolites against S. aureus ATCC6538 and E. coli ATCC8739 were moderate to strong activities. Furthermore, the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of secondary metabolites extract of SL1 against S. aureus ATCC6538 value was 250 ????g/mL while the values of MIC extract of SL4 against S. aureus ATCC6538 and E. coli ATCC8739 were 125 ????g/mL and 250 ????g/mL respectively and MIC extract of SL6 against E. coli ATCC8739 value was 125 ????g/mL. The secondary metabolites extract of SL1 isolate were alkaloid and tannin, SL4 were phenolic and alkaloid while SL6 isolate were alkaloid and terpenoid. Hence, endophytic fungi SL1 isolate was identified as Fusarium sp., SL4 as Dematophora sp., and SL6 isolate as Acremonium sp.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Investigation on the In-Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Cave Actinomycetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asifa Mushtaq ◽  
Musharaf Gul ◽  
Seema Rawat ◽  
Jay Krishan Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Streptomyces Genus

Actinomycetes are prolific producers of secondary metabolites majority of which have phenomenal industrial applications. Actinomycetes recovered from cave habitats have generated a considerable interest among the scientific community with respect to their adaptability under such unique environmental conditions. Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand abodes several pristine caves which have not been previously explored for the presence of actinomycetes. The present study has been undertaken to assess the in vitro antibacterial properties of actinomycetes recovered from some of the caves located in Garhwal Himalayan region. In the present study, a total of 127 actinomycetes were isolated from three distinct caves. Majority of the isolates exhibited antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria. Actinomycetes isolates RCM1 and SCMM1 were observed to evince promising antibacterial activities. Members of Streptomyces genus were found to be predominant in all the samples.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Biological-Derived Silver Nanoparticles: Preliminary Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Gabriele Meroni ◽  
Joel F. Soares Filipe ◽  
Piera A. Martino
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Biological Methods

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are promising alternatives to antibiotics. The aims of this study were to produce AgNPs using two biological methods and determine their antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. AgNPs were biosynthesized from an infusion of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and the culture supernatant of E. coli. Characterization was achieved by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The antibacterial properties of NPs from C. longa (ClAgNPs) and E. coli (EcAgNPs), alone and in combination with carbenicillin and ampicillin, were investigated through the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Dimensions of NPs ranged from 11.107 ± 2.705 nm (ClAgNPs) to 27.282 ± 2.68 nm (EcAgNPs). Kirby-Bauer and MIC assays showed great antibacterial abilities for both NPs alone and in combination with antibiotics. EcAgNPs alone showed the most powerful antibacterial activities, resulting in MIC values ranging from 0.438 ± 0.18 µM (P. aeruginosa) to 3.75 ± 3.65 µM (S. pseudintermedius) compared to those of ClAgNPs: 71.8 ± 0 µM (P. aeruginosa) and 143.7 ± 0 µM (S. pseudintermedius). The antibiofilm abilities were strain-dependent, but no statistical differences were found between the two NPs. These results suggest the antibacterial potential of AgNPs for the treatment of infectious diseases.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-Biofilm and Antibacterial Properties of Streptococcus downii sp. nov.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Maigualida Cuenca ◽  
María Carmen Sánchez ◽  
Pedro Diz ◽  
Lucía Martínez-Lamas ◽  
Maximiliano Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Biofilm Development

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of Streptococcus downii sp. nov. To test anti-biofilm properties, Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella parvula, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were grown in a biofilm model in the presence or not of S. downii sp. nov. for up to 120 h. For the potential antibacterial activity, 24 h-biofilms were exposed to S. downii sp. nov for 24 and 48 h. Biofilms structures and bacterial viability were studied by microscopy, and the effect in bacterial load by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A generalized linear model was constructed, and results were considered as statistically significant at p < 0.05. The presence of S. downii sp. nov. during biofilm development did not affect the structure of the community, but an anti-biofilm effect against S. mutans was observed (p < 0.001, after 96 and 120 h). For antibacterial activity, after 24 h of exposure to S. downii sp. nov., counts of S. mutans (p = 0.019) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.020) were significantly reduced in well-structured biofilms. Although moderate, anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities of S. downii sp. nov. against oral bacteria, including some periodontal pathogens, were demonstrated in an in vitro biofilm model.

scholarly journals Investigating In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Medicinal Plants Having Folkloric Repute in Ethiopian Traditional Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1988627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Sisay ◽  
Negussie Bussa ◽  
Tigist Gashaw ◽  
Getnet Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Slow Development

Medicinal plants are targeted in the search for new antimicrobial agents. Nowadays, there is an alarmingly increasing antimicrobial resistance to available agents with a very slow development of new antimicrobials. It is, therefore, necessary to extensively search for new agents based on the traditional use of herbal medicines as potential source. The antibacterial activity of 80% methanol extracts of the leaves of Verbena officinalis (Vo-80ME), Myrtus communis (Mc-80ME), and Melilotus elegans (Me-80ME) was tested against 6 bacterial isolates using agar well diffusion technique. In each extract, 3 concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 mg/well were tested for each bacterium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were also determined. Vo-80ME and Mc-80ME exhibited promising antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with the highest zone of inhibition being 18.67 and 26.16 mm, respectively at concentration of 40 mg/well. Regarding gram-negative bacteria, Vo-80ME exhibited an appreciable activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Mc-80ME displayed remarkable activity against all isolates including Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the maximum zone of inhibition being 22.83 mm. Me-80ME exhibited better antibacterial activity against E coli, but its secondary metabolites had little or no activity against other gram-negative isolates. The MIC values of Vo-80ME ranged from 0.16 to 4.00 mg/mL. The lowest MIC was observed in Mc-80ME, with the value being 0.032 mg/mL. Mc-80ME had bactericidal activity against all tested bacterial isolates. Mc-80ME showed remarkable zone of inhibitions in all tested bacterial isolates. Besides, Vo-80ME showed good antibacterial activity against S aureus, E coli, and S typhi. Conversely, Me-80ME has shown good activity against E coli only. Generally, M communis L and V officinalis have good MIC and MBC results.

scholarly journals Structure-activity relationships of 3-substituted-5,5- diphenylhydantoins as potential antiproliferative and antimicrobial agents

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1597-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nemanja Trisovic ◽  
Bojan Bozic ◽  
Ana Obradovic ◽  
Olgica Stefanovic ◽  
Snezana Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Almost All

A series of twelve 3-substituted-5,5-diphenylhydantoins was synthesized, including some whose anticonvulsant activities have already been reported in the literature. Their antiproliferative activities against HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells were evaluated to determine structure-activity relationships. Almost all of the compounds exhibited statistically significant antiproliferative effects at a concentration of 100 ?M, while the derivative bearing a benzyl group was active even at lower concentrations. Moreover, their in vitro antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. Only the 3-iso-propyl and 3-benzyl derivatives showed weak antibacterial activities against the Gram-positive bacterium E. faecalis and the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli ATCC 25922 and E. coli.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SEEDPOD AND QUERCETIN OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA GAERTN

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Ruvanthika Pn ◽  
Manikandan S
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
E Coli ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether ethanolic extracts of Nelumbo nucifera (EENN) seedpod and quercetin (active component of NN) possess antibacterial proprieties against Gram (-) bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Antibacterial activities of EENN seedpod and quercetin were investigated using disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli and P. aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as S. aureus. Results: The antibacterial activity of both EENN seedpod and quercetin was found to be increased in dose-dependent manner. The maximum zone of inhibition was exhibited by both EENN seedpod and quercetin against E. coli (14 mm and 15 mm) and P. aeruginosa (13 mm and 15 mm). Gram-negative bacteria were more susceptible to the EENN seedpod extract and quercetin than Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that the effect of EENN seedpod and quercetin against the tested bacteria in vitro may contribute to the in vivo activities of the EENN seedpod and quercetin.

In Vitro Antibacterial Activities and Mechanisms of Action of Fatty Acid Monoglycerides Against Four Foodborne Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
WENYUE WANG ◽  
RUI WANG ◽  
GUIJU ZHANG ◽  
FANGLI CHEN ◽  
BAOCAI XU
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Alkaline Conditions

ABSTRACT Naturally occurring monoglyceride esters of fatty acids have been associated with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities. We used an automated turbidimetric method to measure the MIC and assess the antimicrobial activity of five monoglycerides (monocaprin, monolaurin, monomyristin, monopalmitin, and monostearin) against pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity of monocaprin was highest because its carbon chain is shorter than those of other monoglycerides. The MICs of monocaprin against S. aureus, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli were 0.32, 0.32, 2.5, and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively. Monocaprin had antibacterial activity under neutral and alkaline conditions (pH 7.0 to 9.0) but had no inhibitory effect on S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli under weakly acidic conditions (pH 6.0). The antibacterial mechanism of monocaprin against gram-positive strains (S. aureus and B. subtilis) resulted from destruction of the cell membrane. In contrast, the antibacterial activity of monocaprin against gram-negative strains (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) was attributed to damage to lipopolysaccharides in the cell walls. Because of its inhibitory effect on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, monocaprin could be used as an antibacterial additive in the food industry. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF SOME NOVEL BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES BEARING HYDRAZONE MOIETY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jayanta Sarma ◽  
Gurvinder Singh ◽  
Mukta Gupta ◽  
Reena Gupta ◽  
Bhupinder Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Objective: The synthesis of novel benzimidazole-hydrazone derivatives has been carried out based on the previous findings that both these pharmacophores possess potent antimicrobial activities. The antibacterial properties of synthesized derivatives were screened against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Methods: O-phenylenediamine on condensation with substituted aromatic acids in polyphosphoric acid gave benzimidazole nucleus which on reaction with ethyl chloroacetate and hydrazine hydrate in two different steps resulted in the formation of substituted acetohydrazides. The targeted compounds 6a-l were synthesized by reaction of substituted acetohydrazides with aromatic aldehydes and screened for their antibacterial potential by cup-plate method.Results: The synthesized benzimidazole-hydrazones exhibited moderate to strong antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compounds 6a-6f were found to be most effective against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. Among all the synthesized compounds, the zone of inhibition of 6f in highest concentration, i.e., 100 μg/ml were found to be >31 mm against all the stains of bacteria.Conclusion: The antibacterial results revealed that the synthetized derivatives have significant antimicrobial properties and further structure activity relationship studies may develop more potent and less toxic molecules.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Carbamate Derivatives of Isatin

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 2026-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarrah Sattar Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Isatin Derivatives

In search of novel antibacterial agent, a series of new isatin derivatives (3a-d) have been synthesized by condensation isatin (2,3-indolinendione) with piperidine (hexahydropyridine), hydrazine hydrate and Boc-amino acids respectively. Compounds synthesized have been characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. In addition, the in vitro antibacterial properties have been tested against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus, S. aureus by employing the well diffusion technique. A majority of the synthesized compounds were showing good antibacterial activity and from comparisons of the compounds, compound 3d has been determined to be the most active compound.

scholarly journals Plasmon-Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Chiral Gold Nanoparticles and In Vivo Therapeutic Effect

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1621
Author(s):  
Yuelong Xu ◽  
Hongxia Wang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jianhao Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Cell Death ◽  
Steric Configuration

d-cysteine (d-cys) has been demonstrated to possess an extraordinary antibacterial activity because of its unique steric configuration. However, inefficient antibacterial properties seriously hinder its wide applications. Here, cysteine-functionalized gold nanoparticles (d-/l-Au NPs) were prepared by loading d-/l-cysteine on the surface of gold nanoparticles for the effective inhibition of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in vitro and in vivo, and the effects on the intestinal microflora in mice were explored during the treatment of E. coli infection in the gut. We found that the antibacterial activity of d-/l-Au NPs was more than 2–3 times higher than pure d-cysteine, l-cysteine and Au NPs. Compared with l-Au NPs, d-Au NPs showed the stronger antibacterial activity, which was related to its unique steric configuration. Chiral Au NPs showed stronger destructive effects on cell membrane compared to other groups, which further leads to the leakage of the cytoplasm and bacterial cell death. The in vivo antibacterial experiment illustrated that d-Au NPs displayed impressive antibacterial activity in the treatment of E. coli-infected mice comparable to kanamycin, whereas they could not affect the balance of intestinal microflora. This work is of great significance in the development of an effective chiral antibacterial agent.

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