Situación de las víctimas en Baja California (México) en el contexto actual

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Sergio Capito Mata ◽  
María Del Rosario Molina González ◽  
María De Jesús Soto barreras
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Field Collection ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
El Sistema

Con el tiempo, la víctima en el sistema penal mexicano ha trascendido de un sistema inquisitivo a uno acusatorio, entendiendo así que no solo el delincuente es parte dentro del proceso penal, sino que también se debe dar un reco- nocimiento jurídico a la persona sobre la cual recaen las consecuencias del delito. Así, resulta importante el análi- sis de la concepción etimológica de la palabra “víctima”, cuál es el marco jurídico que la protege y la falta de ar- monización de la ley respectiva. De esta manera, se abor- dará esta investigación documental a manera de análisis situacional, con recopilación estadística y de campo, para conocer la realidad jurídica de la víctima en Baja Califor- nia, en un nuevo contexto jurídico, como avance parcial del proyecto de investigación “La situación de las víctimas como sujeto jurídico dentro del nuevo sistema de justicia penal acusatorio”. Eventually the victim in the Mexican penal system has transcended from an inquisitorial system to an adversari- al one. Understanding so that not only the offender’s part in the criminal proceedings, but also must give legal rec- ognition to the victim, upon which rests the consequences of crime. Thus, the analysis of the etymological concep- tion of the word “victim”, which is the legal framework that protects and lack of harmonization of the respec- tive law is important. Thus, this documentary research be addressed, as a situational analysis, statistical and field collection, to meet the legal reality of the victim in Baja California, in a new legal context as partial progress of the research project “The situation of victims as a legal subject within the new adversarial criminal justice sys- tem”. 

scholarly journals Criminal Justice in Respect of Minors in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Osipova ◽  
◽  
Valentina F. Kryuchkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Criminal Proceedings

The article considers the problems that arise during the use of juvenile technologies in criminal proceedings in cases involving minors, as well as the difficulties that arise in court during criminal proceedings related to the lack of a legal framework for juvenile justice and attempts to create it as a system of various institutions interacting with each other.

scholarly journals International Cooperation and Raised Issues in Implementation of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Ngoc Chi
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Judicial Assistance ◽  
Hoa Binh

Via considerably revised and suplemented provisions, the Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) of 2015 demonstrates the improvement of the legal framework on international cooperation in criminal proceedings. Such provisions of the CCP also harmonize with the Act of Judicial Assistance and international agreements with the participation of Vietnam. The article analyzes the grounds of revision and suplementation of the provions on international cooperation of the CCP of 2003 as well as mentions other issues of the CCPof 2015 need to be considered and to be improved to enhance the quality of this sector of criminal justice in the feature. Keywords Code of Criminal Procedure of 2015, international cooperation, judicial assistance References [1] Xem Nguyễn Thị Ly, luận văn Thạc sỹ “Chế định dẫn độ trong hợp tác quốc tế theo Luật Tố Tụng Hình sự Việt Nam”, Khoa Luật trực thuộc Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội, năm 2015.[2] Nguyễn Hòa Bình, Những nội dung mới của bộ luật Tố tụng Hình sự năm 2015, Nhà xuất bản chính trị Quốc gia, Hà Nội, năm 2016.

scholarly journals Probation Service as Part of Penitentiary System in the Republic of Macedonia / Služba Probacije Као Deo Kazneno-Popravnog Sistema U Republici Makedoniji

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Svetlana Veljanovska
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
House Arrest ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The reform of the system of execution of sanctions is anticipated in the part of the reform of the criminal justice system of the Republic of Macedonia. The functional system for implementing sanctions in modern criminal justice systems implies a complex approach in which besides the dimension of punishment, the dimensions of social reintegration and victim protection play an important role. In such a context, the so-called probation system, has been established. Event though such system has not been established in the Republic of Macedonia up to now, its elements are contained in the existing legal framework in the material and procedural provisions. Some solutions of the previous system can be used with the aim to establish continuity on institutional and operational level.The starting point for the establishment of probation begins with amendments to the Criminal Code of 2004, where in the part that refers to criminal sanctions, the following alternative measures were imposed: probation, suspended sentence with supervision, conditional discontinuation of criminal proceedings, community service, court sanctions and house arrest. The probation is primarily directed towards designing and developing the system of regular individualized assessment of perpetrators, assessing the risk of re-offending, identifying objective and subjective reasons for previous criminal activity and enabling people who already served their prison sentence to have an active and meaningful involvement in the community.

Prospects for the Implementation of Special Conciliation Procedures in the Russian Criminal Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
E. V. Markovicheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Legal Method

In the 21st century, the concept of restorative justice has become widespread in criminal proceedings. The introduction of special compromise procedures into the criminal process allows for the restoration of the rights of the victim and reduces the level of repression in the criminal justice system. The traditional system of punishment is considered ineffective, not conducive to the purpose of compensating for harm caused by the crime. Restorative justice enables the accused to compensate for the harm caused by the crime and is oriented not towards their social isolation, but towards further positive socialization. The introduction of the ideas of restorative justice into the Russian criminal process requires the introduction of special conciliation procedures. The purpose of the article is to reveal promising directions for introducing special conciliation procedures into the Russian criminal process. The use of the formal legal method provided an analysis of the norms of criminal procedure legislation and the practice of its application. Comparative legal analysis revealed common features in the development of models of restorative justice in modern states. Conclusions. The introduction of conciliation procedures into the Russian criminal process is in line with the concept of its humanization and reduction of the level of criminal repression. The consolidation of the mediator»s procedural status and the mediation procedure in the criminal procedure legislation will make it possible to put into practice the elements of restorative justice.

scholarly journals Ethical and Legal Implications of Elective Ventilation and Organ Transplantation: “Medicalization” of Dying versus Medical Mission

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Frati ◽  
Vittorio Fineschi ◽  
Matteo Gulino ◽  
Gianluca Montanari Vergallo ◽  
Natale Mario Di Luca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Organ Perfusion ◽  
Medical Mission ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Successful Transplantation ◽  
Italian Context

A critical controversy surrounds the type of allowable interventions to be carried out in patients who are potential organ donors, in an attempt to improve organ perfusion and successful transplantation. The main goal is to transplant an organ in conditions as close as possible to its physiological live state. “Elective ventilation” (EV), that is, the use of ventilation for the sole purpose of retrieving the organs of patients close to death, is an option which offsets the shortage of organ donation. We have analyzed the legal context of the dying process of the organ donor and the feasibility of EV in the Italian context. There is no legal framework regulating the practice of EV, neither is any real information given to the general public. A public debate has yet to be initiated. In the Italian cultural and legislative scenario, we believe that, under some circumstances (i.e., the expressed wishes of the patient, even in the form of advance directives), the use of EV does not violate the principle of beneficence. We believe that the crux of the matter lies in the need to explore the real determination and will of the patient and his/her orientation towards the specific aim of organ donation.

scholarly journals Opening a Path towards Sustainable Corporate Behaviour: Public Participation in Criminal Environmental Proceedings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7886
Author(s):  
Pavel Kotlán ◽  
Alena Kozlová ◽  
Zuzana Machová
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Establishing criminal liability for environmental offences remains daunting, particularly with regard to the ‘no plaintiff—no judge’ element as a result of which the public seems to be ultimately deprived of the possibility to participate in criminal environmental proceedings. While there is arguably a lack of specific instruments at the European Union (EU) level which would prescribe such legal obligation on the part of the State, there has been a shift in understanding the role of the public and its participation in criminal liability cases, namely under the auspices of the so-called effective investigation and the concept of rights of victims in general. Using the example of the Czech Republic as a point of reference, this article aims to assess the relevant legal developments at both EU and Czech levels to illustrate why the non-governmental organizations (NGOs), essentially acting as public agents, should be granted an active role in environmental criminal proceedings. After examining the applicable legal framework and case law development, the article concludes that effective investigation indeed stands as a valid legal basis for human rights protection which incorporates an entitlement to public participation. Despite that, this pro-active shift is far from being applied in practice, implying that the legislation remains silent where it should be the loudest, and causing unsustainable behaviour of companies.

Psychosoziale Prozessbegleitung im Strafverfahren

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ilsner
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Innovation ◽  
The Law

The legal status of victims of violent criminality has been in the spotlight during recent decades. The institutionalization of psychosocial assistance in criminal proceedings represents the temporary peak of this development. In this study, the author focuses on the legal innovation, analyzes it fundamentally (especially regarding the recently formulated § 406g StPO), and submits specific reform proposals correspondingly. This research includes four systematically structured chapters, which impart the essential features of the legal institution, elucidate the legal framework, and finally appoint considerations regarding its transfer into the law of civil procedure.

What of the Child? Preventing the Publication of Children's Names After the Age of 18

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Sophy Baird
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

Children are afforded a number of protections when they encounter the criminal justice system. The need for special protection stems from the vulnerable position children occupy in society. When children form part of the criminal justice system, either by being an offender, victim, or witness, they may be subjected to harm. To mitigate against the potential harm that may be caused, our law provides that criminal proceedings involving children should not be open to the public, subject to the discretion of the court. This protection naturally seems at odds with the principle of open justice. However, the courts have reconciled the limitation with the legal purpose it serves. For all the protection and the lengths that the law goes to protect the identity of children in this regard, it appears there is an unofficial timer dictating when this protection should end. The media have been at the forefront of this conundrum to the extent that they believe that once a child (offender, victim, or witness) turns 18 years old, they are free to reveal the child's identity. This belief, grounded in the right to freedom of expression and the principle of open justice, is at odds with the principle of child's best interests, right to dignity and the right to privacy. It also stares incredulously in the face of the aims of the Child Justice Act and the principles of restorative justice. Measured against the detrimental psychological effects experienced by child victims, witnesses, and offenders, this article aims to critically analyse the legal and practical implications of revealing the identity of child victims, witnesses, and offenders after they turn 18 years old.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PROPERTY INTERESTS PROTECTION OF THE PENAL SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS AS REPRESENTATIVE OF A VICTIM

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Викторович Кияйкин
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment

В статье проведен анализ существующей практики защиты имущественных интересов уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации при участии в уголовном процессе в качестве представителя потерпевшего, изложены рекомендации по улучшению данной работы с учетом особенностей сложившейся практики. Раскрываются особенности уголовно-процессуальной защиты на основе материалов территориальных органов и анализа дел указанной категории схарактеристикой эффективных решений иимеющихся проблем по защите имущественных интересов уголовно-исполнительной системы (далее - УИС), материалов практики защиты поуказанным вопросам, аналитических и статистических данных за 2018-2020 гг. Обращено внимание, чтона практике имеются сложности с определением размера возмещаемого ущерба и сроков исковой давности, а также с фактическим исполнением судебных решений овзыскании ущерба в связи с финансовой несостоятельностью должников. Важной проблемой по защите имущественных интересов остается отсутствие методики определения размера причиненного репутационного вреда органам иучреждениям уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации. Обеспечение своевременного допуска представителя органа илиучреждения УИС имеет существенное значение для защиты имущественных интересов, поскольку юридическое лицо получает фактическую возможность по отстаиванию своих законных интересов лишь смомента допуска представителя - физического лица. Автором определены направления работы должностных и иных заинтересованных лиц по реализации защиты имущественных интересов УИС при участии в уголовном процессе в качестве представителя потерпевшего. The article analyzes the existing practice of protecting the property interests of the Penal system of the Russian Federation when participating in criminal proceedings as a representative of the victim, and provides recommendations for improving this work, taking into account the features of the current practice. The article reveals the features of criminal procedure protection based on the materials of territorial bodies and the analysis of cases of this category with the characteristics of effective solutions and existing problems in protecting the property interests of the Penal system (hereinafter the FPS), materials of defense practice on these issues, analytical and statistical data for the period 2018-2020. Attention is drawn to the fact that in practice there are some peculiarities in determining the amount of damage to be compensated and the limitation period. Due to the financial insolvency of debtors in practice, there is a difficulty with the actual execution of court decisions on recovery of damages. An important problem in protecting property interests remains the lack of a methodology for determining the amount of reputational damage caused to the bodies and institutions of the Russian Federation's penal system. Ensuring the timely admission of a representative of a body or institution of a penal system is essential for the protection of property interests, since a legal entity gets the actual opportunity to defend its legitimate interests only from the moment of admission of a representative - an individual. The author defines the directions of work of officials and other interested persons to protect the property interests of the Penal system of the Russian Federation when participating in criminal proceedings as a representative of the victim.

scholarly journals Mídia, medo e controle: Ensaio sobre o papel da mídia na dinãmica do recrudescimento do sistema penal

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Lazzari da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Media ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

Partindo do pressuposto que a mídia possui grande influência sobre os indivíduos, e que ao veicular notícias sobre crimes de forma excessiva, muitas vezes sob um viés sensacionalista, dissemina o medo e a insegurança no tecido social, o presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar de que modo a mídia se relaciona com o sistema penal, bem como o papel que desempenha na dinâmica que enseja o seu recrudescimento.Resumen: Partiendo de la suposición de que los medios de comunicación ejercen gran influencia en los individuos, y que al transmitir excesivamente noticias sobre crímenes - a menudo a partir de un sesgo sensacionalista - siembran el miedo y la inseguridad en el tejido social, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar el modo por lo cual los medios de comunicación se relacionan con el sistema penal, así como el rol que desempeñan en la dinámica que posibilita su endurecimiento. Palabras clave: Medios - Crimen - Miedo - Sistema Penal  Abstract: Assuming that the media has the ability to influence people , and to convey news about crimes excessively, often in a sensationalist bias , spreading fear and insecurity in society , this paper aims to identify how the media relates to the criminal justice system , and the role it plays in the dynamics that gives rise to its expansion. Keywords: Media – Crime – Fear – Criminal System

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