scholarly journals The Recreational Capacity of the Zones of the Ukrainian National Natural Parks

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
Recreational Services ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Natural Healing

Purpose. To determine the recreational capacity of the territories of several National Natural Parks (NNPs) of Ukraine, as well as the recreational capacity of the tourist trails of these parks. Methods. The methodological basis of the study is based on a critical analysis of the current approaches to the assessment of a recreational facilities of the Ukrainian NNPs. Various published data sources as well as the data, regarding to the recreational renewal capacity of the territories of the NNPs acquired during own research was used. Results. The area of the reserved core that is larger than a one third of the entire area of the park may be seen in only few parks. Most of the NPPs have an insufficient size of the protected areas. This indicate an unstable and severely disturbed ecological conditions, which threatens the conservation of the biological diversity in these parks. That’s why the increase of the protected areas of these NNPs is highly advisable. In addition to all above, the area of the NNP special use zone should be smaller than the area of the regulated recreational area, which plays a certain environmental role; it can be decreased in a favor of the stationary recreational zone if needed. Unfortunately, these conditions are not met for the most of the studied NPPs. That’s why it is advisable to optimize the functional zoning of the NNPs, which will effectively protect the unique natural complexes and will let use them for the recreational purposes. The capacity, the degree of the resistance to the recreational loads, the level of improvement and the capacity of the tourist routes in each of the spoken NNPs were analyzed. The main criteria for choosing the studied NNPs were their representativeness or representation in terms of a variety of the accommodating regions, the availability of the data based on the physical and geographical characteristics, the length of the tourist routes and the statistcs of the visitors per year. The recreational capacity for the summer season of some NPPs of Ukraine was calculated, while taking into account the standards for each type of the natural complex for the zones of stationary and regulated recreation. Potentially, these zones may be expanded replacing the parts of the reserved special use zone. An assessment of the capacity of some tourist trails of the barely improved NPPs for an unstable and stable category of natural landscape complexes was given. Conclusions. The recreational potential of the researched Ukrainian NPPs is currently underutilized, but with the increase in the flow of the recreants, the recreational areas that are poorly equipped as well as the trails may lead to a deterioration in the state of the natural ecosystems. The functional zones of the stationary and of the regulated parts of the recreational areas of the NNPs may be expanded by migrating some types of the recreational activities to the special use zone of the parks. It is vital to expand the list of the recreational services for recreants, to strive the level of improvement of the tourist trails of the NNPs. If the natural healing resources are present on the territories of the NNPs, it is advisable to organize some centers for the sanatorium treatment, medical and socio-psychological rehabilitation, which will contribute to the creation and an improvement of the medical and the health infrastructure, the activation of recreational activities and the increase in the efficiency of the functioning of the NNP.

scholarly journals Chorological data regarding the presence of Corylus colurna species in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1709-1718
Author(s):  
Daniel RĂDUȚOIU ◽  
Sina COSMULESCU
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
Area Limit

The Turkish hazel or Turkish filbert (Corylus colurna) is a less widespread tree species in Romania. Data on the presence of C. colurna species in the Romanian flora are quite rare. The article’s aim is to analyse the scientific information and those of the main herbariums regarding the presence of C. colurna species on the Romanian territory. The presence of the species on the Romanian territory was signalled about 122 years ago in the paper “Conspectus of Romanian Flora”. Subsequent scientific information identifies the species in different locations, especially in the southwest of Romania, in dendrological and natural parks. Scientific importance of the species lies in its rarity, the species has an area limit on Romanian territory and in the value, it gives to natural ecosystems in which it grows. The practical value is given by its edible fruits, valuable from a food or medicinal point of view and by its agronomic characteristics. As a result, the biodiversity conservation strategy should include forest protected areas as important objectives.

Illegal rattan extraction trends in the Ankasa Conservation Area in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
R. Obour, D. Amankwaa, A. Asare
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
The North ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Protected Areas (PAs) are created for the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, but many of Ghana’s PAs are subjectto severe pressures and threats, the main pressures being the illegal extraction of natural resources. Rattans are indisputablyone of the most important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Ghana’s Protected Areas that is without doubt one of thereasons for which it has drawn the attention of researchers. In this study the illegal rattan extraction patterns in the AnkasaConservation Area (ACA) in Ghana was inspected. Simple random sampling and Snowball sampling techniques were used. Datacollection employed the use of semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field enumeration of rattans as well as an analysisof Effective Patrol Man-days (EPMDS) from 2004 to 2012. The results showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75, p<0.05, r2 = 0.557) between patrol effort and rattan extraction encounters. In addition, there was a general reduction in illegalrattan extraction encounters from 2004 to 2012 at a rate of 4.3 per year. The highest illegal rattan extraction incidences wererecorded in 2006 (76 encounters), 2005 (35 encounters), 2008 (22 encounters), 2004 (18 encounters) and the least incidencewere recorded in both 2010 (3 encounters) and 2011 (3 encounters).The research also revealed that Eremospatha macrocarpawas the most extracted rattan species followed by Laccosperma secundiflorum. The major rattan extraction and trade routesoriginate in the northern parts and in the area east of the reserve and also south of Draw River Forest Reserve. Generally, rattanpoaching in Ankasa Conservation Area has declined, but there are still human incursions in the northern part of the reserve. Thestudy recommended an intensification of patrols in the north of the reserve. Also, enrichment planting and Agroforestry practicesof inter-cropping rattans with seasonal crops should be pursued vigorously for the local communities.

scholarly journals Challenging the State: Devolutionary Tenure Transitions for Saving and Expanding Forests

Human Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Alden Wily
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
The Will ◽  
Customary Land

AbstractI address a contentious element in forest property relations to illustrate the role of ownership in protecting and expanding of forest cover by examining the extent to which rural communities may legally own forests. The premise is that whilst state-owned protected areas have contributed enormously to forest survival, this has been insufficiently successful to justify the mass dispossession of customary land-owning communities this has entailed. Further, I argue that state co-option of community lands is unwarranted. Rural communities on all continents ably demonstrate the will and capacity to conserve forests – provided their customary ownership is legally recognized. I explore the property rights reforms now enabling this. The replication potential of community protected forestlands is great enough to deserve flagship status in global commitments to expand forest including in the upcoming new Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

scholarly journals Extended Evaluation of Viral Diversity in Lake Baikal through Metagenomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Butina ◽  
Yurij S. Bukin ◽  
Ivan S. Petrushin ◽  
Alexey E. Tupikin ◽  
Marsel R. Kabilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Full Diversity ◽  
True Diversity ◽  
Viral Communities ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Insight Into

Lake Baikal is a unique oligotrophic freshwater lake with unusually cold conditions and amazing biological diversity. Studies of the lake’s viral communities have begun recently, and their full diversity is not elucidated yet. Here, we performed DNA viral metagenomic analysis on integral samples from four different deep-water and shallow stations of the southern and central basins of the lake. There was a strict distinction of viral communities in areas with different environmental conditions. Comparative analysis with other freshwater lakes revealed the highest similarity of Baikal viromes with those of the Asian lakes Soyang and Biwa. Analysis of new data, together with previously published data allowed us to get a deeper insight into the diversity and functional potential of Baikal viruses; however, the true diversity of Baikal viruses in the lake ecosystem remains still unknown. The new metaviromic data will be useful for future studies of viral composition, distribution, and the dynamics associated with global climatic and anthropogenic impacts on this ecosystem.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF RECREATIONAL LOCATIONS OF RURAL GREEN TOURISM IN ODESA REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Kalmykova
Keyword(s):  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Recreational Services ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Clean Area ◽  
Green Tourism ◽  
Taxonomic Criterion ◽  
Key Terms

The article highlights the importance of the role of rural green tourism in restarting the Ukrainian economy, given that the inertia of the surge in domestic tourism caused by the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic will work in the coming years. The importance of recreational activities in the field of rural green tourism is considered. The problems of the conceptual and terminological description of the infrastructure of the recreational industry are outlined. Expansion of the nomenclature of key terms in the field of rural green tourism in the context of highlighting the point elements of the territorial structure is proposed. The concept of “recreational location of rural green tourism” has been introduced for use in the practice of the recreational industry in order to strengthen the territorial aspects of the research of recreational activities. The content of the concept “recreational location of rural green tourism” is characterized as a point element of the territorial infrastructure in the field of rural tourism in the region, which combines the territorial localization of the place of receiving tourist services (rural ecologically clean area), accommodation facility (local object) and indicates the special nature of the activity (recreation). It is indicated that, according to the taxonomic criterion, it is a micro-site, a place, and according to the typological criterion, it is a recreational and tourist object with the functions of accommodation and provision of recreational services. The components of the recreational potential of the Odesa region, which have the necessary properties for the successful functioning of a competitive tourist product in the regional and national tourist markets, have been analyzed. The importance of the classification of recreational locations of rural green tourism in the Odessa region for further systematization of information for the purpose of convenient practical use by specialists from various industries and consumers of recreational services has been substantiated. The classification of the locations of rural green tourism in the Odessa region according to three criteria has been proposed and five types of recreational locations have been identified.

scholarly journals Evolution under low antibiotic concentrations: a risk for the selection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa multidrug resistant mutants in nature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Sanz-García ◽  
Sara Hernando-Amado ◽  
José Luis Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Resistant Mutants

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAntibiotic pollution of non-clinical environments might have a relevant impact on human health if resistant pathogens are selected. However, this potential risk is often overlooked, since drug concentrations in nature are usually below their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Albeit, antibiotic resistant bacteria can be selected even at sub-MIC concentrations, in a range that is dubbed the sub-MIC selective window, which depends on both the antibiotic and the pathogen.OBJECTIVESDetermine the sub-MIC selective windows of seven antibiotics of clinical relevance in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and evaluate the risk for selecting resistant mutants in nature, based on published data about the amount of antimicrobials detected in natural environments.METHODSWe conducted evolution experiments of P. aeruginosa PA14 in presence of sub-MIC concentrations of ceftazidime, amikacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, polymyxin B or imipenem, and measured drug susceptibility of the evolved populations.RESULTSSub-MIC selective window of quinolones was the largest, and the ones of polymyxin B and imipenem, the narrowest. Clinically relevant multidrug resistant (MDR) mutants (presenting MICs above EUCAST clinical breakpoints) arose within the sub-MIC selective windows of the majority of antibiotics tested, being these phenotypes probably mediated by efflux pumps′ activity.DISCUSSIONOur data show that the concentration of antibiotics reported in aquatic ecosystems -colonizable by P. aeruginosa- are, in occasions, higher than the ones able to select MDR mutants. This finding has implications for understanding the role of different ecosystems and conditions in the emergence of antibiotic resistance from a One-Health point of view. Further, it highlights the importance of delineating the sub-MIC selective windows for drugs of clinical value in pathogens with environmental niches, in order to evaluate the health risks due to antibiotic pollution of natural ecosystems and ultimately tackle antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Achieving mangrove conservation and sustainable use in Mexico through community-based Management Units for Wildlife Conservation within and beyond Protected Areas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Fajardo ◽  
Ignacio Valdez Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Management Units ◽  
Alternative Scheme

Mangroves are valuable socio-ecological ecosystems that provide vital goods and services to millions of people, including wood, a renewable natural capital, which is the primary source of energy and construction material for several coastal communities in developing countries. Unfortunately, mangrove loss and degradation occur at alarming rates. Regardless of the protection and close monitoring of mangrove ecosystems in Mexico during the last two decades, mangrove degradation and the loss of biodiversity is still ongoing. In some regions, unregulated and unsustainable mangrove wood harvesting are important causes of degradation. In this context, community-based mangrove forestry through Management Units for Wildlife Conservation could be a cost-effective alternative scheme to manage and conserve mangrove forests, their ecosystem services and biological diversity within and beyond protected areas while providing sustainable local livelihoods and helping reduce illegal logging. The objective of the Management Units is to promote alternative means of production with the rational and planned use of renewable resources based on Management Plans. If implemented with a multidisciplinary perspective that incorporates scientific assessments this conservation strategy may contribute to achieving national and international environmental and biodiversity agreements providing multiple social, ecological and economic benefits from local to global scales.

scholarly journals Influência de programas mundiais na sustentabilidade do turismo em áreas protegidas da região metropolitana da Baixada Santista (SP)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Miranda Sá Teles ◽  
Silvia Maria Bellato Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Protected Natural Areas

A presente análise objetivou avaliar as ações de planejamento e gestão do Turismo em áreas naturais protegidas da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista (RMBS) no Estado de São Paulo (Brasil), identificando em que nível estas ações foram influenciadas por conceitos e métodos propostos em dois programas mundiais da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU): os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento do Milênio (ODM) e a Convenção sobre Diversidade Biológica (CDB). Enquanto a CDB já é amplamente difundida em programas de manejo e gestão do Turismo em áreas protegidas no Brasil, os ODM tiveram pouca penetração nesta temática. Subdivididos em oito metas globais, quatro delas têm amplo potencial para contribuir na elaboração de novas metodologias na gestão do Turismo em áreas naturais protegidas: o ODM 01 (redução da fome e da miséria); o ODM 03 (promoção da igualdade de gênero); o ODM 07 (respeito ao meio ambiente) e o ODM 08 (estabelecimento de parcerias para o desenvolvimento sustentável). Como resultado, a pesquisa demonstrou haver influência apenas indireta das metodologias propostas pelos ODM no que tange ao planejamento e gestão de atividades turísticas sustentáveis nas áreas naturais protegidas da RMBS, enquanto a influência da CDB foi facilmente identificável nas políticas e ações de planejamento e gestão do Turismo. Foram alcançadas algumas conclusões, como por exemplo, a de que os ODM passaram por uma clara adaptação ao contexto brasileiro por meio de políticas públicas, preferencialmente com relação ao ODM 01 (redução da pobreza). Quanto ao ODM 07, no qual o Turismo Sustentável insere-se como atividade econômica a ser incentivada na elevação do nível de renda das populações locais e em prol da conservação ambiental, este carece fortemente de políticas públicas assertivas. Sendo colocado pela ONU como primordial para o sucesso dos ODM em países em desenvolvimento, o Turismo Sustentável com base nos ODM e na CDB pode proporcionar significativos ganhos a áreas como a RMBS, permeada por complexas configurações urbanas, ambientais e sociais. Influence of global programs on the sustainability of tourism in protected areas of the metropolitan area of Baixada Santista (SP, Brazil) ABSTRACT This analysis aims to evaluate the action planning and management of tourism in protected natural areas of the Santos Metropolitan Region (RMBS) in the State of São Paulo (Brazil), whilst identifying at what level these actions were influenced by concepts and methods proposed in two global programs of the United Nations (UN): the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). While the CBD is already widespread in management programs and management of tourism in protected areas in Brazil, the MDGs have had little penetration on this theme. Subdivided into eight global goals, four of them have vast potential to contribute to the development of new methodologies in the management of tourism in protected natural areas: the ODM 01 (reducing hunger and poverty); MDG 03 (promoting gender equality); MDG 07 (respect for the environment) and the MDGs 08 (establishment of partnerships for sustainable development). As a result, the survey showed that there was only indirect influence of methodologies proposed by the MDGs with regards to planning and management of sustainable tourism activities in protected natural areas of RMBS. While the influence of the CBD was easily identifiable in policy and action planning and tourism management, some conclusions were reached, including the MDGs passing by a clear adaptation to the Brazilian context through public policies, preferably in relation to the MDGs 01 (poverty reduction). As for the MDGs 07, in which Sustainable Tourism is inserted as an economic activity to be encouraged in raising the income level of local populations while conserving the environment, this strongly lacks assertive public policy. It has been placed by the UN as paramount to the success of the MDGs in developing countries Sustainable Tourism based on the MDGs and the CBD can provide significant gains in areas such as RMBS, permeated by complex urban, environmental and social settings. KEYWORDS: Millennium Goals; Biological Diversity; Sustainable Tourism; Protected Areas; Local Communities.

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