scholarly journals Cognitive pragmatics of American presidential debates: a case for economic metaphors

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Presidential Debates ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Discourse Strategies

This article focuses on cognitive-pragmatic properties of conceptual metaphors of ECONOMY in the 21st century American presidential campaigns. In this paper, we aim to elaborate the models of metaphoric conceptualization of ECONOMY, state their functions in terms of discourse strategies, and describe their impact on the opponents and the audience. This research is underpinned by conceptual metaphor theories and ideas of cognitive pragmatics, which postulates the unity of cognitive and communicative aspects of discourse. The benefits of this integrative cognitive-pragmatic approach are in the fact that it can consequently explicate the meaning of speaker’s message and the expected impact of their discourse on the audience. For this aim, we stress the persuasive and manipulative nature of American presidential debates as a mass-media mediated genre of political discourse. Adopting a cognitive-pragmatic perspective on presidential debates, we claim that conceptual metaphors of economy constitute time and ideology specific conceptual models; their dominant functions are persuasive, informative, and manipulative. In the discourse of the 21st century presidential debates, we distinguish seven leading models of conceptual metaphors of economy, common for both republican and democratic candidates. The choice of discourse strategies of debate participants depends upon the candidates’ intentions while their impact on the opponent and the audience is influenced by meta-communicative issues of candidates’ communicative behavior and (im)politeness strategies in particular. The 21st century presidential debates are characterized by the abundance of discourse strategies of aggression and impoliteness.

scholarly journals Images of Ukraine-EU relations in conceptual metaphors of Ukrainian mass media

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Conceptual Spaces ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Eu

This paper discusses the system of conceptual metaphors reconstructed via analysis of metaphorical expressions (ME) employed by eight popular Ukrainian newspapers (Holos Ukrainy, Uriadovyi Kurier, Den', Dzerkalo Tyzhnya, Gazeta Po-Ukrains'ky, Segodnya, Ukraina Moloda, and Kommmentarii) published in January – June, 2016. The ME describe perceptions of the EU, Ukraine, and their cooperation in the target conceptual spaces of POLITICS and ECONOMY. The data are processed according to an authentic methodology applicable to multiple metaphorical expressions [Zhabotynska 2013a; 2013b; 2016]. Grounded on the findings of Conceptual Metaphor Theory [Lakoff and Johnson 1980], this methodology represents an algorithm for exposure and further description of conceptual metaphors applied in a thematically homogeneous discourse, and manifested by multiple ME. Their analysis, aiming to portray some metaphorical system as a whole, provides an in-depth study of its target and source conceptual spaces and an empirically rigorous account of their cross-mapping influenced by the discourse type. In this study focused on mass media political discourse, the reconstructed system of conceptual metaphors demonstrates Ukraine’s stance on its relations with the EU and contributes to understanding the role of political metaphor as a mind-shaping device.

Slovak Mass Media in the 21st Century: Current Challenges

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslava Dobrotková ◽  
Artur Bekmatov ◽  
Andrea Chlebcová Hečková ◽  
Ján Kuciak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
21St Century

Family as a framing resource for political identity construction: Introduction sequences in presidential primary debates

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sclafani
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Presidential Debates ◽  
Family Identity ◽  
Political Identities ◽  
Presidential Primary ◽  
Family Discourse ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Family Identities

AbstractThis study investigates the construction of political identity in the 2011–2012 US Republican presidential primary debates. Focusing on candidates’ self-introductions, I analyze how candidates use references to family members and roles to frame their political identities or ‘presidential selves’. Family references are shown to (i) frame candidates’ personal identities as family men/women; (ii) interweave the spheres of home and politics and consequently, their private and public selves; (iii) serve as a tool of discursive one-upmanship in self-introduction sequences; and (iv) demonstrate intimate familiarity and expertise on the topic of national security. This study extends research on family discourse and identity by examining the rhetorical function of mentioning family-related identities in explicitly persuasive public discourse, and contributes to sociolinguistic research on political discourse by examining how family identities serve as a resource for framing political identities. (Discourse analysis, framing, family, identity, political discourse, presidential debates, sequentiality)

scholarly journals Trusted and doubted: Discourses of parenting training in two Swedish official inquiries, 1947 and 2008

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (20_suppl) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetty Rooth ◽  
Ulla Forinder ◽  
Maja Söderbäck ◽  
Eija Viitasara ◽  
Katarina Piuva
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Subject Positions ◽  
Discourse Practices ◽  
Parenting Training ◽  
Political Discourse Analysis

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse discourses of parenting training in official inquires in Sweden that explicitly deal with the bringing up of children and parental education and how the representations of the problems and their solutions affect parental subject positions in the early welfare state and at the onset of the 21st century. Method: We carried out a discourse analysis of two public inquiries of 1947 and 2008, drawing on theories about governmentality and power regimes. Tools from political discourse analysis were used to investigate the objectives of political discourse practices. Results: Both inquiries referred to a context of change and new life demands as a problem. Concerning suggestions for solutions, there were discrepancies in parents’ estimated need of expert knowledge and in descriptions of parental capacity. In a discourse of trust and doubt, the parents in 1947 were positioned as trusted welfare partners and secure raisers of future generations, and in 2008, as doubted adults, feared to be faltering in their child-rearing tasks. Conclusions: The analysis revealed how governmental problem descriptions, reasoning about causes and suggestions of solutions influenced parents’ subject positions in a discourse of trust and doubt, and made way for governmental interventions with universal parenting training in the 21st century.

Counter-hegemony in today's Belarus: dissident symbols and the mythological figure of Miron Vitebskii

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-730
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Astapova
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Civil State ◽  
Multiple Functions

Tackling the role of state symbols in negotiating national identity and political development, this research focuses on Belarus where the alternative white-red-white flag became instrumental in protests against the dominant political discourse. Since 1995, oppositional mass media have been reporting about cases of this tricolor being erected in hard-to-reach and/or politically sensitive places. These actions were mainly attributed to some “Miron,” whose identity remained concealed and served as a simulacrum of a national superhero in non-conformist discourse. The image of Miron immediately acquired multiple functions: condemning the Soviet colonial past, struggling for the European future, and creating a nation-state rather than the Russian-speaking civil-state of Belarus. Yet, first and foremost, Miron became a means for contesting the authority of the president who has been in power since 1994. Concentrating on the methods employed for the construction of the counter-hegemonic fakelore project of Miron and its aims, this article explores the vernacular response to its creation.

scholarly journals Russia and Spain in the mirror of journalistic discourse: metaphors and stereotypes

2010 ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
M. V. LARIONOVA
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
National Stereotypes

В условиях современного информационного общества СМИ играют ведущую роль в формировании и закреплении в сознании национальных стереотипов как особых концептуальных образований, содержащих устойчивые мнения, суждения о какой-либо нации. Газетно-публицистический дискурс, активно тиражируя используемые журналистами этностереотипы, не только отражает специфику национального сознания, но и способствует усилению прагматического воздействия текстов политической коммуникации на существующую в сознании читателей картину мира. В статье на примере сложившихся представлений о России и Испании рассматриваются процессы моделирования с помощью стереотипов и метафор образа одной нации в ментальном пространстве носителей иной лингвокультуры. Marina V. Larionova Russia and Spain in the mirror of journalistic discourse: metaphors and stereotypes In the information-oriented society mass media accomplish a key mission creating and consolidating in human minds national stereotypes defined as specific conceptual formations which contain established opinions, judgements referring to any nation. The journalistic discourse, actively multiplicating ethno stereotypes used by the press, not only reflects specifics of national consciousness, but also promotes pragmatic influence of texts of political communication on the reader's conceptual anticipation of the world. Using the example of traditional stereotypes of Russia and Spain, the article examines the process of modelling by means of stereotypes and conceptual metaphors of the image of one nation in the mentality of the bearers of another national idiomatic culture.

scholarly journals Media Linguistic Features of Russian and American Presidential Election Debates

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Alesya D. Gavrish
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Political Leader ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Political Linguistics ◽  
Political Media

1. Zheltukhina MR. Modern Media Discourse and Media Culture of Influence. Upper Volga Philological Bulletin. 2016;4:154-159. (In Russ.). 2. Federal Act from 12 June 2002 N 67-FA (edit 23.05.2020) On Fundamental Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right to Participate in Referendums of Citizens of the Russian Federation. Available at: http:// www.consultant.ru/ document/cons_doc_LAW_37119/41b265c3c2f3f0c3478d9f5e798687c1eb81737c/. Accessed June 21, 2020. (In Russ.). 3. The commission on presidential debates. Available at: https://www.debates. org/debate-history/2016-debates. Accessed July 01, 2020. 4. Wodak R. Language. Discourses. Politics. Volgograd: Peremena; 1997. (In Russ.). 5. Demyankov VZ. The interpretation of a political discourse in mass media. The language of media as a subject of interdisciplinary research. Moscow: MSU; 2003. (In Russ.). 6. Karasik VI. The Language Circle: Personality, Concepts, Discourse. Moscow: Gnosis; 2004. (In Russ.). 7. Chudinov AP. Russia in the metaphorical mirror: a cognitive study of political metaphor (1991–2000). Yekaterinburg: USPU; 2001. (In Russ.). 8. Sheigal EI. Semiotics of a political discourse. Volgograd: Peremena; 2000. (In Russ.). 9. Dobrosklonskaya TG. Media Linguistics: Systematic Approach to Media Language Learning. Modern English Medium Speech. Moscow: Flinta: Science; 2008. (In Russ.). 10. Zheltukhina MR. The influence of media discourse on the addressee. Volgograd: Peremena; 2014. (In Russ.). 11. Cherniavskaya VE. Text in the medial space. Moscow: Librokom; 2013. (In Russ.). 12. Parshina ON. Strategies and tactics of speech behavior of modern political elite in Russia: auto-abstract of dis. ... Dr. philol of sciences. Available at: https://new-disser.ru/_avtoreferats/01002882356.pdf. 2020. (In Russ.). 13. Zheltukhina MR. Political and mass-media discourses: impact - perception - interpretation. Language, consciousness, communication. Мoscow; 2003;23:38-51. (In Russ.). 14. Video recording of 06 March 2018 debates. Available at: https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=-X0xqC3a_Q8&list=WL&index=61&t=0s. Accessed June 20, 2020. 15. Video recording of 28 February 2018 debates. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCWwUCeuX1I&list=WL&index=57&t=0s. Accessed June 20, 2020. 16. Debate 09.10.2016 transcript. Available at: https://www.debates.org/voter-education/debate-transcripts/ october-9-2016-debate-transcript/. Accessed June 20, 2020. 17. Tameryan TY., Zheltukhina MR., Slyshkin GG., Zelenskaya LL., Ryabko OP., Bodony MA. Political Media Communication: Bilingual Strategies in the Pre-Election Campaign Speeches. ONLINE J COMMUN MEDI. 2019;9(4):e201921. Available at: https://doi.org/10.29333/ojcmt/5869. Accessed June 20, 2020. 18. Zheltukhina MR., Zelenskaya LL., Ponomarenko EB. Indicating Success with Material Symbols after the Collapse of the USSR. Visual Anthropology. 2020;33(2):104-115. Available at: https://doi. org/10.1080/ 08949468.2020.1721203. Accessed June 20, 2020. 19. Zhang K., Denisenko VN., Ponomarenko EB., Zheltukhina MR., Denisenko AV., Shiryaeva OV. The Newest Borrowed Words and Methods of their Formation in the Russian- and Chinese-Language Internet Communication Space. ONLINE J COMMUN MEDI. 2019;9(4):e201924. Available at: https://doi.org/10.29333/ ojcmt/5930. Accessed June 20, 2020. 20. Boeva-Omelechko NB., Posternyak KP., Zheltukhina MR., Ponomarenko EB., Talybina EV., Kalliopin AK., et al. Two Images of Russia in the British Political Mass Media Discourse of 1991 – 1993 and 2013 – 2019: Pragmastylistic Aspect. ONLINE J COMMUN MEDI. 2019;9(4):e201926. Available at: https:// doi.org/10.29333/ojcmt/5952. Accessed June 20, 2020. 21. Debate 19.10.2016 transcript. Available at: https://www.debates.org/voter-education/debate-transcripts/ october-19-2016-debate-transcript. Accessed June 20, 2020. 22. Basylev VN. Political discourse in Russia. Political linguistics. 2005;15:5-32. (In Russ.). 23. Zheltukhina MR., Gavrish AD. Emotiogenicity of modern media texts. Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics. 2018;4(32):120-125 (In Russ.). Available at: 10.29025/2079-6021-2018-4(32)-120- 125. Accessed June 20, 2020. (In Russ.). 91 а.д. гавриш 24. Zheltukhina MR., Gavrish AD. Political media wrestling: goal setting and discursive manipulations (on the example of the 2016 United States Presidential election debates). Political linguistics. 2018;5(71):27-31. (In Russ.). 25. Tameryan TY., Zheltukhina MR., Slyshkin GG., Abakumova OB., Volskaya NN., Nikolaeva AV. Metaphor in Political Media Discourse: Mental Political Leader Portrait. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies. 2018;8(4):377-84. Available at: https://doi.org/10.12973/ojcmt/3958. Accessed June 20, 2020. 26. Tameryan TYu., Zheltukhina MR., Slyshkin GG., Shevchenko AV., Katermina VV., Sausheva YeV. New Country’s Political Discourse: Formation of Speech Technologies. Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods. 2018;8(8):11-18.

scholarly journals Evolution of the framework for 21st century competencies

2013 ◽  
pp. 10-24
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Competencies

This article presents the successive changes and evolution of the frameworks for 21st century competencies, since the appearance of the first conceptual models during the final years of the last century, and also it is a review of the competencies that are needed in the 21st century with a special focus on the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) competencies. The included frameworks have been elaborated by diverse institutions such as international organizations, private consortia and also governments as a guideline for educational policies in elementary and secondary schools. Later, the frameworks are compared and analyzed according to a classification of the competencies into general categories, in order to visualize some trends and obtain some insights about the direction they are heading. Finally, it provides some suggestions for the conception of future frameworks.

scholarly journals „Efekt aureoli” i „efekt uczestnictwa” a niezależność prawników-naukowców

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Jolanta Jabłońska-Bonca
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Occupational Roles ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ethics Of Research ◽  
The Mass Media

“THE EFFECT OF AUREOLE” AND “EFFECT OF PARTICIPATION” IN THE LIGHT OF INDEPENDENCE OF LAWYERS-SCIENTISTSThe purpose of the text is to signal the need to investigate the conditions for the preserva­tion of the independence of lawyers who practice and simultaneously engage in science. Research independence is understood in the text as loyalty to the principles of methodology and ethics of research. There have been, and will be, lawyers-scientists who are creative, well-skilled to do re­search, and also autonomous, capable of criticizing the status quo, striving for truth no matter what the consequences. In the 21st century, being in such aposition is getting harder and harder. This is due to the fact that many lawyers-scientists concurrently perform important social and occupational roles besides scientific research. The article focuses on two examples of conditions that hinder the preservation of independence and entice lawyers-scientists into the world of politics and ideology. It is: a the activity of lawyers-scientists in the mass media and the consequences of the so-called “aureole effect”, as well as b the “dual occupancy” and the meaning of “participation effect”.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document