scholarly journals Infernal discourse of prose by Leonid Andreev

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Late Work ◽  
Judas Iscariot ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Devil

Despite the fact that since the middle of the last century, Andrei has been developing at a rapid pace, many facets of the writer’s work remain «in the background». To a sufficient extent this is also characteristic of the coverage of Andreev’s demonology. Infernal character – a figure of supernatural origin, personifying evil, destructive principle, the term «infernal» is used along with the definition of «demonic». A significant part of the prose work of L. Andreev can be considered as a kind of original «devil» («hoffmaniad»). These are works on the temptation of the «superhuman» («devilish») reason of man («The Story of Sergey Petrovich» (1900), «Thought» (1902), «Darkness» (1907), «My Notes» (1908), etc. ) and works on the themes of the devil («Something about the Devils» (1901), «About the Writer» (1902), «Peace» (1911), «Rules of Good» (1912), «Diary of Satan» (1919)). Some of them are narratives, as if narrated by the devil («It Was» (1905), «Ben-Tovit» (1905), «Eleazar» (1906), «Judas Iscariot» (1907), «Witness of Truth» («Miraculous Image») (1915) and others); others are stories in which the devil himself is a protagonist («Peace» (1911), «Rules of Good» (1912), «Damn at a Wedding» (1915), «Diary of Satan» (1919), etc.); the third – in which human heroes, combining the «superman» and «devil» and non-infernal in origin, take the place of carriers of destructiveness, i.e. – infernal heroes (Ivan Koprov – «The Life of Vasily Thebes» (1903), «grandfather» – «My Notes» (1908), Norden – «He (The Story of the Unknown)» (1913), Thomas Magnus – «The Diary of Satan» (1919 )). In the late work of the writer, the Andreev infernal theme undergoes a significant transformation. If at the beginning of creativity it was a devil testing a person, then in the future the writer’s imagination occupied the paradoxically ridiculous image of a devil who wants to do good. Throughout the career of L. Andreev, in his prose, ironic demonological discourse continued to function, which is of great importance and plays an important role in understanding the entire work of the writer as a whole. He allowed L. Andreev to pose the «damned questions» of human life, comprehending them from an anti-didactic point of view, as well as resist the latest ideas of Nietzscheanism, positivism and God-seeking, so widespread at the beginning of the twentieth century.

The Limit Situation And The Narrative Of War (On The Material Of The Novel “My Lieutenant” By Daniil Granin)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Kuprin ◽  
Galina I. Danilina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Limit ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
Abstract Author ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is the analysis of limit situation in the narrative of war. The material of the study is the novel of Daniil Granin “My Lieutenant” and related texts. In the first part of the paper, the authors explore existing approaches to the term “limit situation” and similar concepts into scientific and philosophical traditions; limits of its applicability in literary studies and its relation to the categories of “narrative instances” and “event”. Proposed a literary-theoretical definition of the limit situation, which can be used in the analysis of fiction texts. Existing approaches to the examination of the situation of war are analyzed: philosophical-existential, psychoanalytic, sociological, literary. In the second part of the paper, the authors propose their method for analyzing limit situations in texts about war, which basis on existing approaches and preserves the text-centric principle of studying the structure of the story. Two interrelated areas of research have been identified: the study of war as a continuous limit situation in the intertextual aspect (the discourse of war); the study of limit situations (death, suffering, guilt, accident) in the narrative of war as part of a specific text. In the third part of the scientific work,the analysis of war as a continuous limit situation results in the study of the concept of “limit” (border) in a fiction text. The role of “limit” (border) concept in the texts about the war is studied, the possible types of limits in the discourse of war are examined. Limit situations in the narrative of war are analyzed on the basis of the novel “My Lieutenant” by Daniil Granin. A review of journalistic and scientific works about the novel revealed both the continuity and the differences between the novel and the “lieutenant” prose of the 20th century. An analysis of the limit situations in the novel revealed their key position in the narrative. These situations are independent of the fiction time, of the fluctuation of the point of view’; the function of the abstract author is to build the narrative as a “directive” immersion of the hero and narrator in these situations.

scholarly journals MYSTERY AS A META-GENRE IN THE DRAMA OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
K. Oliinyk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World Order ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
General Feeling ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Definition Of

The article examines the specificity of existence of the renewed mystery genre as a meta genre in the twentieth century. The main literary study views on the definition of ancient and medieval / Christian ritual mystery are analyzed. The beginning of the twentieth century was full of a general feeling of catastrophe and tragic hopelessness. In artistic terms, the consequence of this was the activation of Christian issues, motives, plots, religious genres (miracles, morality and mystery). The most universal from the point of view of the ideological message and content for the writers of the twentieth century. was the matrix of the medieval mystery, which retained the ritual basis in its primary structure. This made it possible for the multilevel organization of the action and the space for it. The genre of medieval mystery is being modified, it ceases to be a purely form of religious action and acquires the quality of a meta genre. There is a transition from the religious sphere to the secular one, and the aesthetic one is replacing the didactic load. Mystery begins to exist on the edge of genres as a synthetic formation, showing intentions to “help” other genres. A large number of dramatic works of the twentieth century. ("Forest Song" by Lesia Ukrainka, "Iconostasis of Ukraine" by Vіra Vovk) comes close to the mystery, using its archetypal components: the ideas of faith in the absolute beginning, governing the eternal rotation of life and death, world order and harmony, death and rebirth, transformations of the human soul, chosenness and initiation associated with trials, sacrifice, deepening into mysticism. Such works are a certain imitation with elements of mythological or religious subjects. So, the twentieth century, actualizes a certain involvement of the semantic content of dramas to the mysteries, bringing the mystery to the level of the meta genre.

scholarly journals Forms of applıcatıon of algorıthms ın school mathematıcs teachıng

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2 (135)) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Kamala Yunis
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Third ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Integrated Mathematics

As for the qualitative definition of the theoretical structure of the concept of algorithm, obtained by building a system of its study on the basis of component analysis in the article, it should be completed by studying the types of algorithmic processes. Three common types of such processes (linear, branching and recursive) play a slightly different role here. The first two types are somewhat simple, as we tried to show in Example 1, it would be natural to use them in the study of the components of the algorithm. Recursive processes can be applied to the play of already separated concepts. There are plenty of examples in various sections of Algebra, such as the "sequences" section, in particular. Finding the approximate value of an expression using the Heron formula can be a good example of recursive processes. The purpose of the research is to develop a methodological system that identifies opportunities to improve the quality of integrated mathematics teaching in V-IX grades and connect it with computer technology as well as identifies ways to apply it in the learning process. Textbooks often show the performance of a particular action on a few specific examples. We come across different situations here. Sometimes the rule is stated after the solution of the work, and sometimes the work is considered after the expression of the rule. The third case is possible, there is no definition of the rule in the textbook, but specific examples of the application of the formed algorithm are considered. This is quite common in school textbooks, especially when considering complex algorithms. In such cases, it is accepted to call the solutions of the studies as examples. The sample solution must meet certain requirements. Let's separate some of them from the point of view of the formed algorithm: the most characteristic cases of the considered type of problem should be considered; numerical data should be selected in such a way that the necessary calculations can be performed orally in order to draw students' attention to the sequence of elementary operations that make up the steps of the formed algorithm. If the problem-solving example meets these requirements, then the type of problem assigned to it can be considered as an algorithm for solving the problem. If, depending on the initial data, there are several fundamentally different cases of problem solving, it is necessary to consider examples of problem solving for each such case.

scholarly journals دلالة الباء التضمنية و المطابقية في آية الوضوء

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
جيران ، حمد علي هارب
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Third ◽  
The People ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

This research discusses the significance of the underlying and corresponding (B) in the verse of ablution .It consists of a preface , four chapters and a termination .Within the limits of the preface , it dealt with the clarification of the importance of the research .In the first chapter , it dealt with the definition of the underlying significance according to the jurists point of view , also the scientists, point of view who support the underlying significance and the people who agree with them , as well as the aspects of the Hanafia’s and the shafia's inference regarding the implication.   The research also deals with the definition of the corresponding significance according to the jurists' point of view as well as the scientists' point of view who support the correspondence of the (B) significance .These people are the Malikia and the Hanablah and the people who agree with them as well as the aspects of their inference in this issue .The third chapter tackles the more acceptable significance of the two discussed in the former chapters .The final one clarifies the impact of the difference between the underlying and the corresponding (B) according to the jurists' point of view .Finally the research is concluded by the most important deductions.

Austrians versus Market Socialists

2015 ◽  
pp. 93-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Huerta de Soto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Market Socialism ◽  
Analytical Treatment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Varieties

In this chapter, the position of market socialists is critically analyzed from the Austrian point of view. First, the definition of socialism is introduced, based on the concept of institutional coercion acting on Kirznerian entrepreneurship. Second is a review of the different aspects of the theorem of the impossibility of socialism, as it was originally developed by Mises and Hayek. Then market socialism is defined and studied, along with the main contributions of its sponsors. A special analytical treatment is provided on the classical model of market socialism from Oskar Lange and its main perpetuators during the twentieth century. Finally, the chapter analyzes the implicit contradiction of market socialism which also affects its most modern varieties and authors. The conclusion is that the position of market socialists is naive and paradoxical.

Good, theories of the

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Korsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Moral Virtue ◽  
General Term ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Moral Sense ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Term Functions ◽  
Virtuous Life ◽  
Definition Of

‘Good’ is the most general term of positive evaluation, used to recommend or express approval in a wide range of contexts. It indicates that a thing is desirable or worthy of choice, so that normally, if you have reason to want a certain kind of thing, you also have reason to prefer a good thing of that kind. A theory of the good may consist in a general account of the good, which is meant to apply to all good things; or in a definition of ‘good’, an account of how the term functions in the language. Theories of the good have metaphysical implications about the relations of fact and value. Many ancient and medieval philosophers believed in the ultimate identity of the real and the good. Modern philosophers reject this identification, and have held a range of positions: realists, for example, hold that the good is part of reality, while certain moral sense theorists hold that when we call something good we are projecting human interests onto reality; and emotivists hold that we use the term ‘good’ only to signify subjective approval. Theorists of the good also categorize different kinds of goodness and explain how they are related. Good things are standardly classified as ends, which are valued for their own sakes, or means, valued for the sake of the ends they promote. Some philosophers also divide them into intrinsic goods, which have their value in themselves, and extrinsic goods, which get their value from their relation to something else. Various theories have been held about the relation between these two distinctions – about whether an end must be something with intrinsic value. Philosophers also distinguish subjective goods – things which are good for someone in particular – from objective goods, which are good from everyone’s point of view. Views about how these kinds of goodness are related have important implications for moral philosophy. Usually, a theory of the good is constructed in the hope of shedding light on more substantive questions, such as what makes a person, an action, or a human life good. These questions raise issues about the relation between ethical and other values. For example, we may ask whether moral virtue is a special sort of goodness, or just the ordinary sort applied to persons. Or, since actions are valued as ‘right’ or ‘wrong’, we may ask how these values are related to the action’s goodness or badness. We may also pose the question of whether a life that is good in the sense of being happy must also be a morally good or virtuous life. This last question has occupied the attention of philosophers ever since Plato.

The Metaphysical Dimension of Dialogicity

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Vladiv-Glover
Keyword(s):  
Salient Feature ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Stream Of Consciousness ◽  
Structural Dimension ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

In this essay, a theoretical connection is posited between the “third type” of word in Mikhail Bakhtin’s typology of discourse, and the phenomenological gaze as defined by Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Starting from an aesthetic definition of perception, originating in Charles Baudelaire’s “Salon” series on art, the essay goes on to claim that in Dostoevsky’s works, Bakhtin uncovered the representation of the process of perception, encapsulated in the representation of “the word” (slovo) as a function of the unconscious processes of language. In Dostoevsky’s poetics, this represented word is the word in the stream-of-consciousness of his fictional characters which defines the embedded narrative structure of the polyphonic novel. However, Dostoevsky’s dialogic word, as described by Bakhtin, is an on-stage embodiment of dialogicity in the communication situation. This dialogic word transcends the structural dimension of narrative. The point of view, which Bakhtin describes as the entire mental orientedness («цeльнaя дуxoвнaя уcтaнoвкa») of the speaker, belongs to the phenomenology of “the gaze,” which is outlined in aesthetics and poststructural (psychoanalytic) theory as the salient feature of representation in the art and literature of modernity.

Les fondements de la Rhétorique d'Aristote reconsidérés par Fārābi, ou le concept de point de vue immédiat et commun

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maroun Aouad
Keyword(s):  
Common Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

The use of the immediate and common point of view (bādi' al-ra'y al-muštarak) is presented, in Arab philosophy, as characteristic of the rhetorical method. We will endeavour, in this article, to determine the importance, the significance and the origins of this concept in the works of Fārābī. The first part examines the concept's position in the structure of Kitāb where Fārābī, while following Rhet. I 2 (a veritable introduction to the discipline of oratory) tries to improve the structure of Aristotle's chapter around this concept, which is not in Aristotle. The concept is then defined in the second part. What is at issue is not the immediate point of view of an individual who might think of certain propositions as being universally accepted, when in fact they are not, but rather the point of view which is accepted without question by the majority. It relies on a kind of testimony (šahāda) rather than on the personal judgement of the auditor. It differs nevertheless from propositions which are really universally accepted because these can only be invalidated by an elite and not by any ordinary examination. In the third part, we will review those doctrines of Kitāb which depend on the concept of the immediate and common point of view, focusing in particular on the definition of enthymema. In the last part, we will investigate some philological and philosophical difficulties, such as the difference between rhetorical and dialectical premises, which constitute the background to the development of the concept.

scholarly journals Linguistic personality in culture: research areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Rtishcheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Statics And Dynamics ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The article deals with the definition of linguistic personality in the context of the relationship between language and culture. Language as a cultural phenomenon in determining the linguistic personality is considered in the works of J. L. Weisgerber. Speaking about language as a cultural value, the researcher evaluates the possibility for understanding it as an internal content of culture. Moreover, the author considers the linguistic personality within the context of the internal features of culture, taking into account the existential characteristics of language in its statics and dynamics. In Russian science, the first mention of the linguistic personality is found in V. V. Vinogradov’s works. In his interpretation the linguistic personality acts as an integrative formation including two sides, the collective (social) and individual. An important aspect of V. V. Vinogradov's linguistic personality reconstruction is the fact that the author focuses on the speech structure, which demonstrates real understanding of a language with regard to its functional characteristics, which overcome the closed existence in the system of set rules. Modern Russian linguistic and cultural concepts present more detailed study of linguistic personality practices in the context of culture. For example, V. I. Karasik considers the linguistic personality from the point of view of linguistic conceptology, focusing on integrative understanding of a language in its semantic and value aspects,on the one hand, and in its practical and functional aspects, on the other. Y. N. Karaulov tries to integrate the polarity of the linguistic personality with the levels of its organization, taking into account invariant and variable characteristics. The author notes that the linguistic personality can be characterized from the position of language consciousness and speech behavior. However, the focus of its study in the context of culture reveals certain aspects of human nature and life connected to the implementation of cultural forms, in which the existential foundations of human life are realised, reflecting its spiritual content.

Alberto Caracciolo

2012 ◽  
pp. 775-789
Author(s):  
Domenico Venturelli
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious View ◽  
Critical Engagement ◽  
Original Interpretation

The author aims to sketch out a biographical and philosophical profile of Alberto Caracciolo (1918-1990), Italian philosopher in the second half of the twentieth century. In order to reach a better understanding of the philosopher's religious point of view, he believes it is necessary to emphasize both Caracciolo's juvenile friendship with Teresio Olivelli (1916-1945) - martyr of the resistance against Nazism - and his critical engagement with the thought of great philosophers such as Croce, Leopardi, Kant, Troeltsch, Jaspers and Heidegger. The author intends also to analyze how Caracciolo's renewal of religious tradition, reconsidered through the concept of Liberalität, connected with his restless and anxious way of considering the malum mundi, led towards an original interpretation of European nihilism. This involves an idea of philosophy, linked to an inexhaustible question and to an ethical and religious view of human life, grounded in a paradoxical way on the imperative of eternity.

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