Alberto Caracciolo

2012 ◽  
pp. 775-789
Author(s):  
Domenico Venturelli
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious View ◽  
Critical Engagement ◽  
Original Interpretation

The author aims to sketch out a biographical and philosophical profile of Alberto Caracciolo (1918-1990), Italian philosopher in the second half of the twentieth century. In order to reach a better understanding of the philosopher's religious point of view, he believes it is necessary to emphasize both Caracciolo's juvenile friendship with Teresio Olivelli (1916-1945) - martyr of the resistance against Nazism - and his critical engagement with the thought of great philosophers such as Croce, Leopardi, Kant, Troeltsch, Jaspers and Heidegger. The author intends also to analyze how Caracciolo's renewal of religious tradition, reconsidered through the concept of Liberalität, connected with his restless and anxious way of considering the malum mundi, led towards an original interpretation of European nihilism. This involves an idea of philosophy, linked to an inexhaustible question and to an ethical and religious view of human life, grounded in a paradoxical way on the imperative of eternity.

scholarly journals THE CONTRIBUTION OF RELIGIOUS EDUCATION TO THE PROMOTION OF (INTERRELIGIOUS) DIALOGUE

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-165
Author(s):  
Valentina Mandarić
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Religious Dialogue ◽  
Introductory Part ◽  
Holistic Vision

In the introduction the author of the article (lecture) revives the issue of the importance of dialogue and points to the growing complexity of challenges facing dialogue, and in particular interreligious dialogue, in the contemporary society. The article focuses on several important issues underlying interreligious dialogue. Thus, in the introductory part, the author emphasizes some important features of dialogue and outlines important assumptions for its functioning. She observes dialogue from the anthropological, theological and religious point of view. Further on, she identifies the specificity of religious dialogue and describes the important levels at which interreligious dialogue is realized. As the author comes from the Catholic milieu, she analyzes the starting points of interreligious dialogue from the perspective of Catholic Church. In doing so, she particularly appreciates the views and teachings on dialogue of the previous few popes: from Pope Paul VI to the current Pope Francis. The author considers culture as a place for dialogue. Therefore, she points to some of the challenges of contemporary culture in relation to dialogue. In a cultural environment, school and education in general play an important role in terms of dialogue promotion. In regard to interreligious dialogue, the privileged role in its promoting is certainly performed by religious education. She sees religious education as a link or bridge between culture and religious tradition. The last section of the article lists some areas that can and should be promoted in religious education, regardless of which religion in taught. It is first and foremost a commitment to a holistic vision of a person, promotion of the meaning of human life, the responsibility for others, and promotion of dialogue between religion and mind. When it comes to interreligious dialogue, the author believes that it should not be reduced to an optional choice but should be perceived as an imperative obliging all people.

scholarly journals Infernal discourse of prose by Leonid Andreev

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Late Work ◽  
Judas Iscariot ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Devil

Despite the fact that since the middle of the last century, Andrei has been developing at a rapid pace, many facets of the writer’s work remain «in the background». To a sufficient extent this is also characteristic of the coverage of Andreev’s demonology. Infernal character – a figure of supernatural origin, personifying evil, destructive principle, the term «infernal» is used along with the definition of «demonic». A significant part of the prose work of L. Andreev can be considered as a kind of original «devil» («hoffmaniad»). These are works on the temptation of the «superhuman» («devilish») reason of man («The Story of Sergey Petrovich» (1900), «Thought» (1902), «Darkness» (1907), «My Notes» (1908), etc. ) and works on the themes of the devil («Something about the Devils» (1901), «About the Writer» (1902), «Peace» (1911), «Rules of Good» (1912), «Diary of Satan» (1919)). Some of them are narratives, as if narrated by the devil («It Was» (1905), «Ben-Tovit» (1905), «Eleazar» (1906), «Judas Iscariot» (1907), «Witness of Truth» («Miraculous Image») (1915) and others); others are stories in which the devil himself is a protagonist («Peace» (1911), «Rules of Good» (1912), «Damn at a Wedding» (1915), «Diary of Satan» (1919), etc.); the third – in which human heroes, combining the «superman» and «devil» and non-infernal in origin, take the place of carriers of destructiveness, i.e. – infernal heroes (Ivan Koprov – «The Life of Vasily Thebes» (1903), «grandfather» – «My Notes» (1908), Norden – «He (The Story of the Unknown)» (1913), Thomas Magnus – «The Diary of Satan» (1919 )). In the late work of the writer, the Andreev infernal theme undergoes a significant transformation. If at the beginning of creativity it was a devil testing a person, then in the future the writer’s imagination occupied the paradoxically ridiculous image of a devil who wants to do good. Throughout the career of L. Andreev, in his prose, ironic demonological discourse continued to function, which is of great importance and plays an important role in understanding the entire work of the writer as a whole. He allowed L. Andreev to pose the «damned questions» of human life, comprehending them from an anti-didactic point of view, as well as resist the latest ideas of Nietzscheanism, positivism and God-seeking, so widespread at the beginning of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals Tadeusza Kudlińskiego lektura Biblii, czyli "Gniew o Soszannę"

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Maria Jolanta Olszewska
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Biblical Story ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Modern Novel ◽  
Spatial Composition ◽  
Formal Point

The novel Gniew o Soszannę was wriitten in the period 1947–1962. It came out in 1963. The writer had some difficult war and postwar experiences. First, he was repressed by the Nazis and then by the Stalinist authorities. These experiences became a source of the novel from the days of the former Israel. The story is based on the episode from the Bible, Jeph’s History. He made an unheard of Yahweh’s oath and he had to sacrifice his own daughter. However, Kudliński’s novel goes beyond the colorful of the biblical story, it carries deeper reflections on human life and relationships with Yahweh. It is also a settlement with totalitarianism. From the formal point of view, it is an apocryphal narration based on Kudlinski’s principle of «symultaneity», thus realizing the ‘three-times principle’ of spatial composition. The character becomes a collective hero. Kudliński’s work fits into the search for a modern novel form in Polish literature of the twentieth century.

A Polanyian Rescue of The Abolition of Man

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
Jon Fennell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Objective Value ◽  
Essential Contribution ◽  
Good And Evil

The Abolition of Man, though short in length and casual in tone, is among the most important books of the twentieth century. The reason it possesses such significance is that it reveals through penetrating analysis the contemporary sceptical assault on the very possibility of rational morality and, indeed, on the very meaning of human life. In meeting and overcoming this assault, Lewis embraces the concept of objective value. But this concept is itself under attack in modernity, most notably in Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil. There is, however, an effective response to this withering onslaught. It is found in Michael Polanyi's ‘fiduciary’ philosophy. This study shows how Polanyi's account of justification inoculates Lewis' objective value against Nietzsche's virulent attack, thereby preserving the defence of meaning and morality that constitutes the essential contribution of The Abolition of Man.

Thanato-Laboratorien. Theorien von Tod und Sterben und Elias Canettis Buch gegen den Tod

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Heyne
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Elias Canetti ◽  
History Of ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
First Time ◽  
Textual Form ◽  
Or History

AbstractAlthough visual culture of the 21th century increasingly focuses on representation of death and dying, contemporary discourses still lack a language of death adequate to the event shown by pictures and visual images from an outside point of view. Following this observation, this article suggests a re-reading of 20th century author Elias Canetti. His lifelong notes have been edited and published posthumously for the first time in 2014. Thanks to this edition Canetti's short texts and aphorisms can be focused as a textual laboratory in which he tries to model a language of death on experimental practices of natural sciences. The miniature series of experiments address the problem of death, not representable in discourses of cultural studies, system theory or history of knowledge, and in doing so, Canetti creates liminal texts at the margins of western concepts of (human) life, science and established textual form.

Ważyk metafizyczny? / Ważyk – A Metaphysician?

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Jerzy Święch
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Ontological Security ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Summary Adam Ważyk’s last volume of poems Zdarzenia (Events) (1977) can be read as a resume of the an avant-garde artist’s life that culminated in the discovery of a new truth about the human condition. The poems reveal his longing for a belief that human life, the mystery of life and death, makes sense, ie. that one’s existence is subject to the rule of some overarching necessity, opened onto the last things, rather than a plaything of chance. That entails a rejection of the idea of man’s self-sufficiency as an illusion, even though that kind of individual sovereignty was the cornerstone of modernist art. The art of late modernity, it may be noted, was already increasingly aware of the dangers of putting man’s ‘ontological security’ at risk. Ważyk’s last volume exemplifies this tendency although its poems appear to remain within the confines of a Cubist poetics which he himself helped to establish. In fact, however, as our readings of the key poems from Events make clear, he employs his accustomed techniques for a new purpose. The shift of perspective can be described as ‘metaphysical’, not in any strict sense of the word, but rather as a shorthand indicator of the general mood of these poems, filled with events which seem to trap the characters into a supernatural order of things. The author sees that much, even though he does not look with the eye of a man of faith. It may be just a game - and Ważyk was always fond of playing games - but in this one the stakes are higher than ever. Ultimately, this game is about salvation. Ważyk is drawn into it by a longing for the wholeness of things and a dissatisfaction with all forms of mediation, including the Cubist games of deformation and fragmentation of the object. It seems that the key to Ważyk’s late phase is to be found in his disillusionment with the twentieth-century avant-gardes. Especially the poems of Events contain enough clues to suggest that the promise of Cubism and surrealism - which he sought to fuse in his poetic theory and practice - was short-lived and hollow.

The Children’s Novel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary System

This chapter explores the development of the children’s novel throughout the twentieth century. This period represents a change from the protection of childhood to the commodification of childhood, and from essentially gentleman-amateur publishing to highly professional production and marketing. But for all its successes, the idea that the children’s novel is necessary inferior to its adult counterpart dies hard. This is the more illogical because novels for children do not have exact counterparts in the adult literary ‘system’. From an adult point of view, all children’s literature is necessarily ‘popular’ or ‘lowbrow’, or at its ‘best’ merely ‘middlebrow’. Equally, the term ‘literature’ is not useful or relevant in the criticism of children’s novels, and the most valued texts in children’s literature may be precisely those that have the least to offer the adult.

Sir Lionel Carden's Proposed Agreement on Central America, 1912

1959 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Walter V. Scholes
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Central America ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Central American ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Office

As American economic interests expanded in Central America in the early twentieth century, many British representatives concluded that the Foreign Office would have to devise some method to protect existing British investments against American encroachment. When Secretary of State Knox visited Central America in 1912, he and Sir Lionel E. G. Carden, the British Minister to Central America, discussed Central American affairs when they met in Guatemala on March 16. Knox could scarcely have been very sympathetic as Carden expounded the British point of view, for the Department of State believed that the greatest obstacle to the success of its policy in Central America was none other than the British Minister. As early as April, 1910, Knox had unsuccessfully tried to have Carden transferred from his post; the attempt failed because Sir Edward Grey backed up his Minister.

PHILOSOPHY AND THE MEANING OF LIFE

Think ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (60) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
William Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Universe

The author sets out to respond to the student complaint that ‘Philosophy did not answer “the big questions”’, in particular the question ‘What is the meaning of life?’ The response first outlines and evaluates the most common religious answer, that human life is given a meaning by God who created us and informs us that this life is just the pilgrim way to the next eternal life in heaven. He then discusses the response that, from the point of view of post-Darwinian science and the evolution of the universe and all that is in it, human life on Earth must be afforded no more meaning than the meaning we would give to a microscopic planaria or to some creature on another planet in a distant universe. All things including human creatures on Planet Earth just exist for a time and that is that. There is no plan or purpose. In the last sections the author outlines the view that it is we humans ourselves who give meaning to our lives by our choices of values or things that are worth pursuing and through our resulting sense of achievement or the opposite. Nevertheless the question ‘What is the meaning of life?’ can mean quite different things in different contexts, and so merit different if related answers. From one point of view one answer may lie in terms of the love of one human for another.

Abortion and its consequences before and after legalization

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-258
Author(s):  
G. Baksht
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comprehensive Coverage

From a social point of view, the problem of abortion was and is, perhaps, more topical today than ever before. The comprehensive coverage of this problem, which involves the most intimate aspect of human life, social and domestic conditions, and ethical issues, can only be the product of the collective efforts of physicians, sociologists, and lawyers.

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