scholarly journals Functional Features of Footnotes in Literary Translation

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Additive Function ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
The Third ◽  
Functional Features

The article provides a functional analysis of footnotes in literary translation. A literary text, besides the textual, comprises metatextual, intertextual and, possibly, paratextual elements. The paratextual elements can be also introduced while rendering a literary text in another language, in this case they can be added by translator or editor. Paratext comprises a number of components, footnotes among them, namely, the documentary ones which are subjected to analysis in this article. Concentrating upon the functional features of footnotes, we argue that they are rooted in their formal and semantic-cognitive characteristics. The formal – graphic – features of the footnotes under study are as follows: they are always placed at the foot of a page below a line, marked mostly by a figure (in some cases by an asterisk), printed in small font (sometimes in italic font). All these perform the attractive function, drawing the reader's attention to the footnote. The semantic-cognitive features of footnotes come in two basic varieties and one minor one. The footnotes of the two basic groups provide information about a textual element, that of universal or culturally or lingvoculturally specific character thus performing the explanatory function. The footnotes of the third - minor - group provide information about an intertextual element, in particular, about the authorship of the translation of this element. Thus they perform the additive function.

Design for Assembly Techniques in Reverse Engineering and Redesign

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Lefever ◽  
Kristin L. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
Design For Assembly ◽  
Customer Needs ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
Logical Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
Elimination Procedure ◽  
Abstract Component

Abstract Design for Assembly (DFA) is the process by which a product is designed to be easily assembled. Such design simplifications are accomplished through reducing the number of operations required to assemble the product, improving the handling of each component, and/or modifying the required operations (insertion, joining, etc.). There exist several techniques for assessing the assemblability of a design through an analysis of these three aspects. However, there also exists a clearly defined need for evolving such techniques to indicate how a product should be redesigned with respect to customer needs and associated functionality. This paper presents three such evolutions, aimed at reducing the number of components in an assembly during redesign. The first technique is a component elimination procedure, the second technique is a component combination analysis, and the third technique establishes a logical approach for revealing more abstract component elimination or combination opportunities. These three DFA techniques are integrated within a reverse engineering and redesign methodology. They are then applied to a industrial design application, i.e., redesign of an auxiliary automobile visor. Results demonstrate definitive part count reduction, while maintaining and improving design functionality.

scholarly journals Parentheses in A. Belyi's poetry and prose

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Mikhail N. Kulakovsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Game ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Characteristic Functions ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Space Organization ◽  
Functional Features

The article examines peculiarities of the use of parentheses in A. Belyi's lyrics and prose. The author describes the main aspects of analysing parentheses in modern linguistics: description of their functional features, their link with the main body of the statement, parentheses as text forming means, time and space organization of the text, realization of the author's irony, means of conveying evaluative information, ways of comparing, metatextual comment, informative actualization, means of creating a dialogue in a fiction text, usage parentheses in particular genres. This study identifies the most characteristic functions of parentheses in A. Belyi's texts, the connection of parentheses with different textual levels and their role in the overall structure of the literary text. Both the most typical and unique functions of parentheses in A. Belyi's works are described in detail. The main functional features of parentheses are defined in terms of space and time organization of the text and the interaction of various informative and subjective speech plans of the text. The article outlines the main aspects of language game within the framework of parentheses, as well as the means of interaction between the parentheses and the main context, presented in the poetry and prose of A. Belyi. The analysis suggests that the most typical functions of the parentheses in A. Belyi's works are detailed portrayal of the character, switching space and time registers, making comparisons, clarification, and conveying emotional and evaluative information.

scholarly journals Dialogism of translation in comparative dimension. Review of Viktoriia Prykhodko's monograph «Reception and interpretation of literary text in foreign language discourse: comparative dimension» (Lutsk, 2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Nataliia Horodniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Language Discourse ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
Source Of Information

The relevance of the monograph is determined, first of all, by the fact that contemporary national literatures are increasingly interacting with each other through translation, and thus the need to consider translated works in comparison with the originals is increasing. Studying the features and patterns of the literary translation is an important area of modern comparative studies. The work focuses on ways of preserving the national and cultural component of the translated text. The works of M. Gogol, Lesia Ukrainka, I. Franko, F. Dostoievskyi, R. Kipling, and J. Conrad were analyzed according to this aspect. A comparative idea of a dialogue is proposed. It is noted that translation is a broad dialogic process between the author and the reader through the interpreter, which includes reception and interpretation. Literary translation is interpreted as the basis for establishing a dialogue between the text and the interpreter, as an expression of the meaning that flows through the prism of the translating consciousness and enriches it, as a co-creation of the writer and interpreter, the purpose of which is mutual understanding, and the result of this understanding is the text-translation. Attention is paid to the issue of intertextuality as a translation problem. Despite the understanding of intertextuality as the interaction between the texts by different authors (text in text) and the interrelation between different works of one author, the thesis proposes to expand the scope of interpretation of this term, adding to it also different interpretations of one work in the same language. In the monograph the problem of reception and interpretation of literary text is considered in the imagological aspect. In particular, the study of reception and interpretation of other national character in a foreign language discourse plays an important role. Foreign language reception and interpretation of laughter culture in general and «Gogol laughter» in particular are thoroughly investigated. A deep analysis of the works of M. Gogol and F. Dostoevsky made it possible to conclude that the carnival colour of Gogol's «pure, folk-festive» laughter and the parody and comic intonation of F. Dostoevsky during translation give rise to certain problems of preserving their identity. It is noted that the perception of colour in a literary work is a peculiar way of interpreting it, and the semantic nuances of colour markings in one language or another require the problem of the reception adequacy and the interpretation of colour when translating from language to language. The practical importance of the monograph is determined by the possibility of using its basic provisions and results as an additional source of information for further comprehension of the translational paradigm in the comparative dimension.

scholarly journals A glossary as an explicative translation technique in the translation of the third culture elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Michał Gąska
Keyword(s):  
Literary Translation ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Third Culture ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Utilising notes or glossaries in literary translation has both its opponents and supporters. While the former conceive it as a translator’s helplessness and failure, the latter defend it as a manner of overcoming cultural barriers. The present article aims to scrutinize glossaries used as an explicative translation technique with regard to the rendering of the third culture elements. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the novel by Dutch writer Hella S. Haasse: Sleuteloog, in which the action is set in the Dutch East Indies. For this reason, Indonesian culture occurs as the third culture in the translation process. The source text is juxtaposed with its translations into German and Polish in order to examine the similarities and differences in images of the third culture elements the glossaries evoke in the addressees of the target texts.

Antireflective tendencies of the information age as a trigger of conceptual flattening in the practice of literary translation

2021 ◽  
Vol IX(257) (75) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Dubenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Age ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Distinctive Features

The article deals with the phenomenon of clip thinking which is characterized by a number of distinctive features that exercise a considerable influence on the perception of a literary text and its interpretation by the translator. The translational decisions that are the consequence of such antireflective tendencies have been analyzed on the basis of the translation versions of the titles of literary and cinematographic texts as those stylistically relevant elements which condition the conceptual expectations of the target audience and its overall impression about a novel or a film

scholarly journals Blazhko Effect in the RR Lyrae Variables as a Result of Double Mode Pulsation

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 511-517
Author(s):  
K.J. Borkowski
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Mode ◽  
Nonlinear Superposition ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
Blazhko Effect

AbstractOn the basis of a frequency analysis of light variations of AR Her a double-mode pulsation is proposed as an explanation of the Blazhko effect. The analysis revealed a number of components, which can all be interpreted as a result of nonlinear superposition of the fundamental mode, and a mode with period P = 1/(2/P0 + 1/PB) ~ P0/2, where P0 = 0d.470 and Pb = 31d.55 denote the fundamental and the Blazhko effect periods, respectively.The P ⋍ P0/2 mode can be identified as the second or the third radial overtone. In both these cases the “beat” masses derived from a comparison of the calculated (nonadiabatic) and observed period ratios for RR Lyrae variables with Blazhko effect are different from their evolutionary masses.

scholarly journals ПО НЯТТЯ КУЛЬТУРИ В ПЕРЕКЛАДІ ТА ПЕРЕКЛАДОЗНАВСТВІ: ДО ПИТАННЯ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Тетяна Ляшенко
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Systematic Description ◽  
Empirical Level

In the paper, we off er the translatological defi nition of the concept of culture, relevant for literary translation as a culturological phenomenon. We believe that the given defi nition combines the main aspects of its interpretation in culturology, socio-cultural anthropology, and intercultural communication. Such an approach allows outlining cultural background knowledge of the translator, which is necessary, on the one hand, for understanding of the text and, on the other, for the adequate translation of cultural information. The article analyses various theories of the understanding of culture and the tradition of its research in the translation studies, particularly in German translatology. The combination of interpretive, linguistic and translational turns in the cultural sciences is identifi ed as a perspective for translation studies. The attention focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of common interpretations. The paper considers the issues of meaningful and spatial defi nition of the concept of culture. The study characterizes the understanding of culture in the process of intercultural communication and the role of literary translation in it as well as clarifi es the peculiarities of the refl ection of culture in the literary text. The elements of culture that constitute translation problems are both extralinguistic concepts, i.e. phenomena and events that take place in a particular linguocultural community (the culture described by language), and “culturally conditioned” units of language as markers of a particular culture (the culture in language). In this research, we exemplify the possible ways of solving the problem of identifi cation and translation of cultural information in literary translation. It is important to complete a systematic description of culture in literary texts to enable its identifi cation at the macro- and microstructural levels. The article points out the need to consider the issue of identifi cation and translation of cultural information not only at the stage of implementation of the message in the language of translation, but also at the stages of decoding the source text and its recoding. The prospects for further research are outlined, which consist in the operationalization of the concept of culture at the empirical level, a systematic description of cultural manifestations in the source text, and a systematic approach to the reproduction of cultural information in the translated text. Key words: culture, translation studies, intercultural communication, literary translation, literary text.

scholarly journals Poem by S. A. Yesenin “Black Man” in Polish translations and original poetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
Grajewski Katsper
Keyword(s):  
Original Poetry ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Black Man ◽  
Sensory Layer ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
Mental Worlds

The paper examines Polish reception of the poem by Sergei Yesenin “The Black Man”. It attempts to intertextually analyze the work at the level of various kinds of analogies with Polish poetic texts, translated and original. The subject of comparative analysis is the content-formal aspects of translated texts. At the same time, the theory of translation, becoming a part of the comparative methodology, allows one to reach a broader level of generalizations, cultural projections, and socio-historical parallels. The study addresses a number of translations (W. Słobodnik, L. Podhorski-Okołów, W. Broniewski, A. Pomorski), illustrating the degree of freedom of interpretation of a literary text, proportion of congeniality as a special criterion of poetic correspondence. The very process of circulation, transfer, continuous cultural exchange of motives, lyrical situations between the texts of different national literatures and linguistic elements came to be an undeniably important aspect of artistry as a new quality of imagery and the birth of “explosive” poetic meanings. The issue of cultural transfer allows perceiving in individual translation versions mental worlds of the authors refracted in them, life-creating and biographical contexts, as well as historical collisions. In this case literary translation acts as a reliable tool, through which typological and comparative-historical comparisons of poetic worlds are carried out. Analysis of the micro-poetics of texts, motif structure and sensory layer appears more or less convincing on the way of studying reception and a broad intertextual field of selected works.

scholarly journals Tagore in Czech Literary Translation: Interpretation and Gender Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Blanka BK Knotkova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Translation ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Key Questions ◽  
The Way

<p>This text stems from the perspective of gender methodology and explores the way the two most significant Czech specialists in Bengali and Tagore Studies translated selected concepts in his poems. The first two concepts denote the female in specific contexts; the third one designates the divine. This analysis applies selected feminist theories and focuses on the gendered aspects of language (e.g. the generic masculine) as a discourse of power. One of the key questions is: Is the male gaze reflected in the narration? And how do the translations approach it?</p>

scholarly journals Objective and subjective nature of transformations in translation of a literary text

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Yurievna Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Special Degree ◽  
Language Research ◽  
The One ◽  
The Russian Language

This article is dedicated to the analysis of objective and subjective nature of translation transformations. The research relies on the biographical novels &ldquo;Anastasia: The Riddle of Anna Anderson&rdquo; and &ldquo;Isadora: A Sensational Life&rdquo; by Peter Kurth and their translations into the Russian language. Research methodology employs the methods of descriptive and comparative analysis. The goal lies in examination of the various types of translation modifications (substitution, inversion, addition, and omission) for determining the inevitable changes in the sentences with syntactic structure on the one hand, and the results of individual approach of the &nbsp;translators fluent in Russian and English on the other hand. The novelty consists in the analysis of syntactic modifications, taking into account various extralinguistic factors within the framework of a particular genre of fiction literature &ndash; biographical novel characterized by a special degree of expressiveness. In is established that in literary translation all transformations can be divided into two groups: objective and subjective. Objective transformations are the result of differences in the formal and semantic systems of the English and Russian languages, while subjective modifications help to express the degree of likelihood of the event, as well as the emotional state or attitude of the characters to the events, people, or things. The acquired conclusions contribute to further study of the role of syntactic transformations in the literary translation from English into Russian, as well as can be used in preparation of specialists who study English at the lectures and seminars on the relevant topics of emotive syntax and literary translation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document