scholarly journals Geoinformation approach to the urban geographic system research (case studies of Kharkiv region)

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
System Research ◽  
Automated Feature Extraction

Research problem introduction. The main research goal of this paper is to provide the urban geosystem research concept with both the theoretical basics presentation of GIS involvement in urban studies, and with examples of its practical applications. An urbogeosystem (UGS) has been presented not as a simple aggregate of cities, but as the emergent entity that produced complicated interconnections and interdependencies among its constituents. By the urbogeosystem concept the authors attempt to introduce a reliable research approach that has been deliberately developed to identify the nature and spatial peculiarities of the urbanization process in a given area. The exigency of this concept elaboration is listed by the number of needs and illustrated with ordinary 2D digital city cadaster limitations. The methodological background has been proposed, and its derivative applied solutions meet the number of necessities for more efficient urban mapping, city understanding, and municipal mana-gement. The geoinformation concept of the urban geographic system research. External and internal urbogeosystems. The authors explain why an UGS can be formalized as three major components: an aggregate of point features, a set of lines, an aggregate of areal features. The external UGS represents a set of cities, the internal one – a set of delineated areas within one urban territory. Algorithmic sequence of the urbogeosystem study with a GIS. The authors introduce algorithmic sequence of research provision with GIS, in which the LiDAR data processing block has been examined in the details with the procedure of the automated feature extraction explanation. Relevant software user interface sample of the visualization of the urban modeled feature attributes is provided. A case study of the external urbogeosystem. The regional case study of the external urbogeosystem modeling is introduced with GIS MapInfo Professional. The authors present the spatial econometric analysis for commuting study directed to a regional workforce market. The results of the external UGS research mainly correspond to some published social economic regularities in the area, but nonetheless it also demonstrates significant deviations that may be explained by this system’s emergent properties. Case studies of the internal urbogeosystem of Kharkiv-City. Two case studies of the internal urbogeosystem of Kharkiv City have been demonstrated, too. In the first one, automated feature extraction provided by the authors’ original software from LiDAR data has been applied for modeling this UGS content throughout a densely built-up urban parcel. In another case the GIS-analysis of the urbogeosystem functional impact on the catering services spatial distribution has been provided with the ArcGIS software. Results and conclusion. Summarizing all primary and derivative data processed with this technique as well as generalizing key ideas discussed in the text, the authors underline this whole methodological approach as such that can be considered as a general outlining showing how to use geoinformation software for the analysis of urban areas. Concluding their research, the authors emphasize that the urbogeosystem concept may be quite useful for visualization and different analysis applied for urban areas, including city planning, facility and other municipal management methods. The short list of the obtained results has been provided at the end of the text.

scholarly journals Urban environment 3D studies by automated feature extraction from LiDAR point clouds

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Feature Detection ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Building Extraction ◽  
Automated Feature Extraction ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches ◽  
Polyhedral Modeling

Research problem introduction. Both a number of necessities that require the novel technological introductions in urban studies and the challengers corresponding to these introductions have been outlined with the emphasis on the urban remote sensing tools. The research goal of this text is to outline the authors’ original contribution to the algorithmic content of the automated feature extraction upon the urban environment modeling, as well as to represent the original web-software for urban studies. AFE methods in the building detection, extraction and 3D reconstruction within the LiDAR pipeline: a thematic overview. The overall AFE algorithmic approach has been summarized proceeding from an extensional literature review due to the feature extraction from raw lidar data. A sample of the composite model of an urban feature extracted, the overall AFE algorithmic flowchart, and few MSL processed results have been visualized. Feature detection, classification, segmentation and reconstruction have been presented as constituents of the united LiDAR pipeline. EOS LiDAR Tool (ELiT) and our key original algorithmic approaches to the AFE issues. The web-software has been developed on the base of the outlined multifunctional research approach. This software has several basic functionalities within the distributed information system: building extraction, building extraction in rural areas, change detection, and digital elevation model generation. Two basic algorithmic approaches implemented in the software have been explained in details: High Polyhedral Modeling provided by the Building Extraction tool, and Low Polyhedral Modeling provided by the Building Extraction Rural Area tool. The extensive usage of the Voronoi diagram for cluster adjacency on the finalizing modeling stage has been provided as our original update of the existing LPM methodology: its applying for the roof cluster adjacency determination and for separation of coplanar clusters, applying limited diagram for avoiding side effects of adjacency determination, its applying for the awning / overhand identification. ELiT Geoportal. The EGP has been depicted as a type of web portal used to find, access, and process LiDAR geospatial both primary, and derivative information, as well as to provide the associated geographic services (display, editing, analysis, etc.) via the Internet. The key characteristics of our Geoportal have been listed as well as some illustrations provided for the uploaded projects. Conclusion and future works. The automated feature extraction from lidar data technique has been presented with the authors’ updates as a highly promising solution for the multicomponent simulation of urban environment, that can be used for different applications for cities. The use-cases for the EGP have been outlined as hot issues: Population estimation with building geometries; Energy demand for heating and cooling; Visibility analysis in urban environment.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria, Co-Evolutionary Charging Behavior: An Agent-Based Simulation of Urban Electromobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Lennart Adenaw ◽  
Markus Lienkamp
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Planning ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Spatio Temporal

In order to electrify the transport sector, scores of charging stations are needed to incentivize people to buy electric vehicles. In urban areas with a high charging demand and little space, decision-makers are in need of planning tools that enable them to efficiently allocate financial and organizational resources to the promotion of electromobility. As with many other city planning tasks, simulations foster successful decision-making. This article presents a novel agent-based simulation framework for urban electromobility aimed at the analysis of charging station utilization and user behavior. The approach presented here employs a novel co-evolutionary learning model for adaptive charging behavior. The simulation framework is tested and verified by means of a case study conducted in the city of Munich. The case study shows that the presented approach realistically reproduces charging behavior and spatio-temporal charger utilization.

The Case Study: A Useful Research Method for Information Management

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Craig Smith
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
Research Problems

This paper urges greater recognition of the case study as a research method for information management. It acknowledges concern about the representatives of case studies but by specifying the relationships between epistemology and research methods shows that this concern is misplaced. Representatives is irrelevant for many research purposes, particularly when the distinction is made between logical and statistical inference. The validity of explanations or theory derived from case studies depends on the logic of the analysis and acknowledgement of ceteris paribus conditions, not on how typical the cases may be. Typologies of case studies have been proposed and these are considered, together with recommendations for the conduct of systematic and rigorous case study research. It is stressed that research problems should be addressed using appropriate research methods. Research of the important problems within the management area frequently demands a qualitative research approach, though it would seem that such an approach is often ignored because of a positivist research orientation. An assessment of the strengths and weakness of the case study method, which highlights its potential in the vital role of theory-building, leads to the conclusions that this method has much to commend it to information management researchers (1).

scholarly journals Case study research: opening up research opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Roseli Wünsch Takahashi ◽  
Luis Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
Opening Up

Purpose The case study approach has been widely used in management studies and the social sciences more generally. However, there are still doubts about when and how case studies should be used. This paper aims to discuss this approach, its various uses and applications, in light of epistemological principles, as well as the criteria for rigor and validity. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses the various concepts of case and case studies in the methods literature and addresses the different uses of cases in relation to epistemological principles and criteria for rigor and validity. Findings The use of this research approach can be based on several epistemologies, provided the researcher attends to the internal coherence between method and epistemology, or what the authors call “alignment.” Originality/value This study offers a number of implications for the practice of management research, as it shows how the case study approach does not commit the researcher to particular data collection or interpretation methods. Furthermore, the use of cases can be justified according to multiple epistemological orientations.

scholarly journals Reducing Emergence: The Case Studies in Statistic Thermodynamics, General Relativity, and Quantum Mechanics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasil Dinev Penchev
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Special Case

The emergent properties are properties referring to a system as a whole, but they do not make sense to its elements or parts being small enough. Furthermore certain emergent properties are reducible to those of elements or relevant parts often. The paper means the special case where the description of the system by means of its emergent properties is much simpler than that of its relevant elements or parts. The concept is investigated by a case study based on statistic thermodynamics, general relativity, and quantum mechanics.

scholarly journals Challenges of Virtual Instruction during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Accounting Classrooms

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Skhephe
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Virtual Classroom ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Virtual Instruction ◽  
Technology Resources ◽  
Thematic Data

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to explore challenges of Virtual Instruction during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Accounting Classrooms. A qualitative research approach and a case study design was used. 10 Accounting teachers were purposively selected. Thematic data analysis was used. The study shows challenges of virtual classroom like lack of teacher readiness, and ready infrastructure to support the virtual learning. The study concludes that rural schools and those that are in semi-urban areas needs to be priorities when technology resources are distributed. Teachers who are in rural and semi-urban areas needs to be up-skilled with technological skills. The study recommends that Network companies should partner with education sector in order to supply data, connectivity, and accessibility by zero- rising then to support virtual classroom learning. After the COVID-19 all teachers should be encouraged to attend various forms of online workshops in order to improve their understanding of online teaching.

scholarly journals LiDAR-Based System and Optical VHR Data for Building Detection and Mapping

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Liberata Ullo ◽  
Chiara Zarro ◽  
Konrad Wojtowicz ◽  
Giuseppe Meoli ◽  
Mariano Focareta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Building Detection ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
3D Lidar ◽  
Very High

The aim of this paper is to highlight how the employment of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technique can enhance greatly the performance and reliability of many monitoring systems applied to the Earth Observation (EO) and Environmental Monitoring. A short presentation of LiDAR systems, underlying their peculiarities, is first given. References to some review papers are highlighted, as they can be regarded as useful guidelines for researchers interested in using LiDARs. Two case studies are then presented and discussed, based on the use of 2D and 3D LiDAR data. Some considerations are done on the performance achieved through the use of LiDAR data combined with data from other sources. The case studies show how the LiDAR-based systems, combined with optical Very High Resolution (VHR) data, succeed in improving the analysis and monitoring of specific areas of interest, specifically how LiDAR data help in exploring external environment and extracting building features from urban areas. Moreover the discussed Case Studies demonstrate that the use of the LiDAR data, even with a low density of points, allows the development of an automatic procedure for accurate building features extraction, through object-oriented classification techniques, therefore by underlying the importance that even simple LiDAR-based systems play in EO and Environmental Monitoring.

Toward an Egyptian managerial framework based on crowdsourcing for open innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Metwaly ◽  
Ali ElKattan ◽  
Menatalla Kaoud
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Degree

PurposeThe purpose of the presented research paper is to explore the different aspects of crowdsourcing and its evolution over time. Supported by three different case studies, the research focuses on the different factors that affect crowdsourcing for open innovation. Moreover, the findings give us a proposed managerial framework to be considered when adopting crowdsourcing in addition to factors that proved its huge effect on crowdsourcing activities.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research approach for this research was the most convenient. It focuses on providing an in-depth understanding of the phenomena. Qualitative research represents the views and perspectives of the participants in a study besides it is driven by a desire to explain these events, through existing or emerging concepts (Yin, 2016). Adopting a case study research method that investigates a contemporary phenomenon (the “case”) in depth and within its real-world context, especially when the boundaries between phenomenon and context may not be evident (Yin, 2018) as in crowdsourcing based business model for open innovation.FindingsThe researchers presented the benefits and challenges when considering crowdsourcing establishing a managerial framework for open innovation. Additionally, the researchers identified the different factors that highly affect crowdsourcing proposing a model that can be used for adopting crowdsourcing. The research also presented insights about how crowdsourcing was introduced in the Egyptian market and how it evolved through the years.Research limitations/implicationsThe study had some limitations to be considered in the following work. Company X used crowdsourcing within a high degree of limitations and confidentially consequently, restricting the effects and results of crowdsourcing. Another limitation was that the study has been only qualitative, and the addition of the quantitative approach will numerically support the findings. Moreover, the research depended on the businesses only as of the source of information and neglected the crowd sample.Practical implicationsThe main aim of this study was to address the lack of research evidence on what it means to adopt crowdsourcing for open innovation in Egyptian firms. The authors have done so by adopting three case studies which enabled them to directly observe and report on the daily work of trust CEOs, with special attention to the practices. Whereby, these executives made themselves knowledgeable for all practical purposes, as dictated by their specific job. Accordingly, the first major contribution of the present research is that it provides much-needed empirical data on the actual practices of crowdsourcing in three Egyptian, yet international companies. Moreover, the results could be used as a guideline when considering crowdsourcing activities highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of such activities.Originality/valueThe paper discusses different perspectives of crowdsourcing presenting a new categorization for its types. Moreover, how these types have been used especially in the Egyptian market. On the other hand, the paper investigated and documented three different sized companies' experiences utilizing crowdsourcing for innovation. The collected information was used to suggest a new model by which companies can avoid the difficulties others had. Moreover, the research highlighted the benefits and challenges of using crowdsourcing for open innovation.

scholarly journals Social-Economics Integration of Dualistic Settlement Environment at Urban Areas in Indonesia (Case Study in Yogyakarta City)

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Baiquni
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Economics ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Dualistic pattern of settlement is a new phenomena in some areas of Indonesian cities. Such phenomena may reate increasing tensions which lead to emerging potential onflicts among different groups. In managing such potential conflicts, it is important to study many aspects of dualistic settlements, not only in term of physical spatial pattern but also socio-economic pattern in various strate as well as various location in the urban and it surround. This research is aimed at understanding the characteristic and process of emerging dualistic sttlements in Indonesia, further this research attempt to study the pattern and the forms of socio-economic integration of the community. The research approach is aimed at understanding the characteristic and process of emerging dualistic settlement in Indonesia, futher this research attempt to study the pettern and the form of socio-economic integration of the community.

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