scholarly journals The Determinant of Banking Efficiency in Indonesia (DEA Approach)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Putri Zanufa Sari ◽  
Erwin Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Banking Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Government

<p>This research is aimed to analyze efficiency performance in banking industries in Indonesia within 2012-2014 period. Data Envelopment Analysis method was used to find determinant in Tobit regression model. Purposive sampling was used to determine samples with the number of companies up to 89 banks consist of 5 different groups. Those are 26 state and local government own enterprises, 6 foreign banks, 11 mixed banks, 19 BUSN Devisa, 27 BUSN non Devisa. Based on analysis result, obtained that the foreign banks has the efficiency the highest compared to a group of banks BUMN/BUMD ( the government banks), BUSN non-foreign exchange , BUSN foreign exchange , and a group of banks a mixture. Efficiency in banking influenced by return on assets (ROA). The higher roa will be able to improve the efficiency banks in indonesia .</p><strong>Keywords:</strong> DEA, Tobit, ROA, CAR, NPL

scholarly journals Pozycja prawna wojewody w procesie przemian II Rzeczypospolitej

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-53
Author(s):  
Krystyna Wojtczak
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Government

The article considers the legal status of the voivode during the interwar period, the time of the difficult restoration of the Polish identity and the creation of the Polish state in the post-Partition lands with three separate systems of territorial division and local administration. The legal situation of the office of the voivode is closely related to the establishment of the systemic foundations of the highest Polish authorities (legislative and executive) and local administration (initially, on the territory of the former Kingdom of Poland and then on the gradually annexed former Polish territories). The author refers to both spheres of legal activity of the Polish state at that time. She discusses the primary political acts, i.e. the March Constitution (1921), the April Constitution (1935) and the Constitutional Act (1926), as well as regulations concerning county administrative authorities of the first instance, situated in the then two-tier (ministries – county offices) administrative apparatus. Attention is primarily focused on the acts directly concerning the position of the voivode, i.e. the Act of 2 August 1919, the Regulation of the President of the Republic of 19 January 1928, and executive acts issued on the basis of these, and against whose background the importance of the legal institution of the voivode is presented: during the time of attempts to unify the administrative system (1918–1928), and in the period of changes leading to a uniform organisational structure of voivodship administrative authorities (1928–1939). The analysis makes it possible to state that successive legal conditions strengthened the political position of the voivode. In both periods covered by the analysis, the voivode was a representative of the government (with broader competences in 1928–1939), the executor of orders from individual ministers, the head of state and local government authorities and offices (1918–1928), the head of general administrative bodies subordinate to him, and the supervisory body over local government (1928–1939). The position of the voivode in the interwar period was unquestionably very strong.

scholarly journals Small and Medium Scale Enterprises, Employment and Income Generation in Nigeria: A Focus on Professional Sports Viewing and Betting Centers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Okon
Keyword(s):  
Professional Sports ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
Developmental Role ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Government

Given Nigeria’s high unemployment and poverty figures and the expected roles from SMEs, the Nigerian government had in the past devised policies and incentives for the development of small and medium scale Enterprises. In spite of all these efforts by the government, both at federal, state, and local government levels, to ensure the growth of SMEs in Nigeria, some key factors have been claimed to be responsible for their perceived failure in Nigeria. However, this paper focuses on new SMEs that have emerged in the form of professional sports and betting centers which are creating jobs and generated income in Nigeria and Africa in general. The sport and betting center businesses like any SME require serious attention so that their developmental role and sustainability will provide the much needed sustainable development of Nigeria with regard to job and wealth creation. This paper examines the challenges and way forward for sport viewing and betting centre businesses in Nigeria.

Accountability in Government Contracting Arrangements: Experimental Analysis of Blame Attribution Across Levels of Government

2021 ◽  
pp. 027507402199045
Author(s):  
Suzanne Leland ◽  
Zachary Mohr ◽  
Jaclyn Piatak
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Government Contracting ◽  
Blame Attribution ◽  
Division Of Powers ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Government ◽  
Local Levels

While governments increasingly turn to third-party providers to deliver public services and government responsibilities are increasingly shifted from the federal to the state and local levels, both contracting and the division of powers under federalism blur lines of accountability. Because recent experiments on blame shifting find mixed results and citizens have different expectations of federal, state, and local government, we ask the following: How does blame attribution in third-party governance compare across levels of government? To address this question, we employ a timely survey experiment to examine who is responsible for a prisoner’s death in the case of interstate prisoner transport, which is one of the few services that is provided across all levels of government and by government contractors. The results show that contracting reduces the level of blame attributed to the government and that blame for contract failures varies by the level of government. Across levels of government, we find the local government sees the largest reduction in blame by contracting out. Findings have implications for accountability in contracting arrangements in public safety contexts.

scholarly journals Determinants of Cost Efficiency of Takaful and Conventional Insurance Firms of Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abbas ◽  
Allah Bakhsh Khan ◽  
Salman Abbasi ◽  
Zeeshan Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Dea Efficiency ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis

This study investigates the Efficiency Performance of Takaful and Conventional Insurance Firms of Pakistan in terms of Cost, Allocative and Technical efficiencies for the period of 2010-2015. Six years panel data of Takaful and listed Conventional Insurance Firms of Pakistan is taken under consideration. The Methodology of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used in order to estimate efficiencies scores. Furthermore, Tobit Regression Analysis is carried out for determination of the real contributors of efficiencies in Insurance and takaful Industry of Pakistan. In Data Envelopment Analysis, Labor, Total Fixed Assets and Total Equity Capital are used as input variables. Simultaneously, the price variables are used along with input variables such as Price of Labor, Price of Total Fixed Assets and Price of Total Equity Capital. The output variables include Invested Assets, Investment Incomes and Net Premiums. In second Stage Analysis (i.e. Tobit regression), DEA efficiency scores are used as dependent variable, whereas Age, Size, and Leverage are used as independent variables along with the dummy for conventional and Takaful firms of Pakistan. This study found that Takaful and insurance firms have been operating on almost equal efficiency levels. Furthermore LEVERAGE is the main contributor for efficiency optimization, followed by the firm SIZE, whereas, firm’s AGE has no contribution in efficiency scores.

scholarly journals EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG DENGAN PENDEKATAN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
Fajar Firmana ◽  
Rita Nurmalina ◽  
Amzul Rifin
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Efficiency is an important aspect for farmer that can be used as a measuring tools to make a decision regarding production among available options. There are many different types of efficiency on the farm businesses level, technical efficiency is the one important to note. The objectives of this research is (1) to describe the farming techniques and the use of paddy production inputs, (2) to evaluate the technical efficiency of paddy farm, and (3) to identify the factors that influence the technical efficiency of paddy farms in Kalibuaya Village, Telagasari district, Karawang regency. To analyze the data, data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and tobit regression are applied. In 2014 growing season, farmers were did not use the inputs in the right amount as being recommended by the instructor, such as the use of seed and fertilizer. The use of Urea, NPK, and labor had the largest percentage of input slacks when compared to the other production inputs. Farmers could reduce the use of urea by 19,173 kg, NPK by 19,319 kg, and labor by 1,385 HOK to make the paddy farm technically efficient. One of the factors that can greatly influence the improvement of farming technical efficiency is the socio-economic factors. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in Kalibuaya Village were the age, the level of formal education, the use of organic fertilizers, and farming experience. Using the right amount of inputs as recommended by the government can improve the efficiency of paddy farm.

Reporting for State and Local Government Pension Plans

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Robert Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Rates Of Return ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Government Accounting ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Government

Financial reporting for state and local government pension plans needs to be improved. Although these governmental agencies in recent years have required greater contributions by employees toward their pensions along with increasing the retirement age and service years, reducing cost-of-living benefits, and reducing overtime allowances, investment losses and declining tax revenues stemming from the recession have aggravated the underfunding of their pension plans. Financial reporting of these plans could be enhanced by reflecting more realistic measures of the underlying obligation and the expected long-term rates of return on plan assets. The Government Accounting Standards Board is finalizing a standard to require such information in order to enhance the transparency of reporting on these plans.

scholarly journals The Determinant of Banking Efficiency (Data Envelopment Analysis Based on Intermediation Approach)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
Nabila Zahra ◽  
Darwanto Darwanto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Banking Efficiency ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Optimal Output ◽  
Low Efficiency

This research aims at analyzing the level of efficiency with intermediation approach and determinant of efficiency of Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD). Efficiency is measured using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method based on the intermediation approach. This research   contribute on modelling of determinant of efficiency of Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) using intermediation approach.  The object of this research is 26 BPD(s). Furthermore, the determinant of efficiency of BPD is analyzed using the Tobit regression. The level of efficiency is the dependent variable. Meanwhile, the independent variables used are CAR, LDR, NPL, NIM, ROA, Inflation, Economic Growth, and Interest Rate. The research results show that BPD has a different efficiency level average (high, sufficient, moderate, and low efficiency level average). This is due to the use of inputs that have an impact on the optimal output maximization. CAR and LDR have the significant and positive effects on the efficiency of BPD. Interest rate and inflation have the significant and negative effects on the efficiency of BPD. Meanwhile, NPL, NIM, ROA and Economic Growth have no effects on the efficiency of BPD. This results is expected to contribute in identifying any factor affecting the efficiency of BPD, both the internal and macro economy, and also to be the stimulus for the development of health measuring instrument of BPD in which efficiency reflects the quality of risk management on the intermediary activity of BPD.

scholarly journals Efisiensi Emiten Properti dan Real estate yang Terdaftar di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia Tahun 2016-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-97
Author(s):  
Indah Fresma Sari ◽  
Jaenal Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to analyze the efficiency of property and real estate issuers listed in the Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) during 2016-2020 period and the factors that influence it. In the first stage, the researcher analyzes the efficiency value of property and real estate issuers using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. In the second stage, the researcher analyzes the factors that influence the efficiency value of property and real estate issuers by using tobit regression. There are 16 issuers used in this study. The results showed that none of the issuers consistently achieved the perfect technical efficiency score (the efficiency score is equal to 1) during the study period. The same thing happened to the pure technical efficiency analysis and the efficiency scale results. The results of the tobit model regression showed that the Return on Assets (ROA) has significant positive effect and the exchange rate (LNKURS) has significant negative effect on the efficiency value of property and real estate issuers. Meanwhile, the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), company size (LNSIZE), and interest rate (BIRATE) do not have significant effect on the efficiency of property and real estate issuers.

scholarly journals THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND TERRITORIAL REFORM IN UKRAINE:THE SYSTEM PRESENTATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3(68)) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
B.V. BURKINSKY ◽  
V. F. GORIACHYK ◽  
G. M. MURZANOVSKIY
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Government ◽  
Basic Level

Topicality. It is caused by excessive centralization of powers and financial and material resources by the executive authorities, the inability of the territorial communities of the basic level to fulfill their powers, the deterioration of the quality and availability of public services owing to a lack of financial support and a deterioration of the infrastructure base of local self-government, and a decrease in the level of professionalism of officials. Aim and tasks. The research was dedicated to identifying the essence of the administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine and to analyse its implementation, to identify the main problems, to formulate a systematic view on the administrative-territorial reform, to submit proposals to improve the process of reforming of local self-government and territorial organisation of power in Ukraine. Research results. It was proved that the essence of the administrative and territorial reform consists in solving four tasks: improving the territorial division by improving of the system of administrative and territorial units and their consolidation at the basic and district levels; redistribution of powers between executive authorities and local self-government bodies and powers between local government bodies of different levels in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity; provision of territorial communities and their management bodies for the financial, material and human resources that are necessary for the exercise of their powers; the consolidation by the state authorities of the functions of monitoring the observance of the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine and the norms of legislation by local self-government bodies. The administrative-territorial reform cannot be implemented without the parallel implementation of the reform of local self-government and administrative reform. The consolidation of administrative and territorial units has become one of the main directions of numerous reforms of public authority in European countries. It is not possible to speak of a single model of the administrative and territorial system in Europe. Administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine is inherently complex and involves a thorough and fundamental change in the system of state and local government, creating effective and self-sufficient management entities at all levels. Without the scale of reform, the government identified unrealistic terms of its implementation, narrowing the understanding of reform to a simple transfer of powers and financial resources to the basic level of local self-government without economic calculations about the possibility of exercising powers. A number of measures were proposed to improve the process of reforming local self-government and the territorial organisation of power in Ukraine in terms of updating the Concept of reforming local self-government and territorial organisation of power in Ukraine, forming a conceptual vision of the second level of administrative-territorial structure (level of districts), developing a new Methodology for the formation of capable territorial communities, reduction of dependence of local self-government on transfers from the state budget, approval of standards (norms) of providing public services both in terms of their quality, and in terms of their value. Conclusions.The practical recommendations in the article provide the basis for the development of normative acts and organisational measures aimed at improving the process of reforming local self-government and territorial organisation of authorities in Ukraine.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Efficiency Assessment between Public and Private Universities: Evidence from Tanzania

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1801-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUSTIN IGNAS BANGI
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
University Education ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Government ◽  
Assurance Process

Our study builds on a two- stage Data Envelopment Analysis to examine and compare the efficiency of public and private universities in Tanzania in 2008-2012. First, we use data envelopment analysis to measure the technical and scale efficiency of universities. Secondly, we examine factors that influence efficiency through Tobit regression model for both public and private Universities. The findings from the model affirm that the efficiency of the two University categories varies significantly. However, public University average efficiency is observed to be higher than that of private Universities. Whereas public Universities are inefficient in research and publications, private universities efficiency is determined by enrolment, academics staff and consultancy services. Given the contemporary significance of University education to social and individual development, we plead to the government University agency (TCU) to review the entire quality assurance process to improve Universities efficiency.

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