scholarly journals Toward A Sustainable Water And Sanitation Strategy for Duhok Governorat

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-228
Author(s):  
Musleh Duhoky ◽  
Nesreen Sideek Barwari ◽  
Jian Hassanpour
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on building a resilient sector based on a unified approach for a comprehensive social, economic and environmentally viable water and sanitation sector development for Duhok Governorate. The article highlights the challenges of meeting the growing water demand, the impact of water scarcity, the changing geo-political scenarios, the sanitation policy of Duhok, the need to prepare for a water-secure future for all citizens and residents of Duhok Governorate. To achieve an integrated approach to manage water resources and sustainable water and sanitation services in light of future sector imperatives there is a need to protect our water resources while ensuring equitable and efficient water allocations to meet all social and economic development needs, with secured wastewater/sanitation services to our populations. Furthermore, there is a need to revise the institutional and legal frameworks to streamline sector management and administration. The management and protection of water is a shared responsibility among various government sectors, municipalities, businesses, industry, and individuals. Residents need to be aware of how much water they use, practice water conservation, and respect the environment. Water and sanitation management could include developing a better understanding of water resources and using this information to support sustainable economic development; implementing improved long-term management developed through joint work of all stakeholders; and evaluating opportunities to share more information with the public.

Assessment of the influence of the spatial environment on the socio-economic development of the municipality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
K. N. Yusupov ◽  
V. M. Timiryanova, ◽  
Iu. S. Toktamysheva ◽  
A. F. Zimin,
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Municipal District ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a methodology for assessing the impact of spatial environment on the socioeconomic development of municipalities. It relies on existing tools for assessing the state and potential of the geographical location of municipalities. An integrated approach allows to determine the potential of the interaction of the municipality with the neighbors of the first and second order. The methodology was tested on statistical data on the Blagovarsky municipal district.

Water and sanitation policies for improving health in South Africa: overcoming the institutional legacy of apartheid

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edina Sinanovic ◽  
Sandi Mbatsha ◽  
Stephen Gundry ◽  
Jim Wright ◽  
Clas Rehnberg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The South ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
New Policies

The burden of water-related disease is closely related to both the socio-economic situation and public health issues like access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene services. Poverty eradication, through improved access to water and sanitation, is the South African government's major priority. This is partly achieved through subsidising the cost of water and sanitation provision to the poor in rural areas. Whilst the new policies have made a remarkable impact on improved access to water and sanitation services, a general problem since the new approach in 1994 has been the lack of integration of policies for water and sanitation and health. This paper analyses the policies concerning rural water supply and sanitation in South Africa. It considers the structure of institutions, the division of responsibilities and legislated and financial capacity of the South Africa's water sector. A more integrated approach for the policies aiming at water access, sanitation and health is needed. In addition, as the local government's capacity to implement different programmes is limited, a review of the financing system is necessary.

scholarly journals Confronting South Africa’s water challenge: A decomposition analysis of water intensity

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Water Intensity ◽  
The Impact

Water is a vital natural resource, demanding careful management. It is essential for life and integral to virtually all economic activities, including energy and food production and the production of industrial outputs. The availability of clean water in sufficient quantities is not only a prerequisite for human health and well-being but the life-blood of freshwater ecosystems and the many services that these provide. Water resource intensity measures the intensity of water use in terms of volume of water per unit of value added. It is an internationally accepted environmental indicator of the pressure of economic activity on a country’s water resources and therefore a reliable indicator of sustainable economic development. The indicator is particularly useful in the allocation of water resources between sectors of the economy since in waterstressed countries like South Africa, there is competition for water among various users, which makes it necessary to allocate water resources to economic activities that are less intensive in their use of water. This study focuses on economy-wide changes in South Africa’s water intensity using both decomposition and empirical estimation techniques in an effort to identify and understand the impact of economic activity on changes in the use of the economy’s water resources. It is hoped that this study will help inform South Africa’s water conservation and resource management policies

Urban water demand assessment for sustainable water resources management, under climate change and socioeconomic changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 679-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos Alamanos ◽  
Stamatis Sfyris ◽  
Chrysostomos Fafoutis ◽  
Nikitas Mylopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract The relationship between water abstraction and water availability has turned into a major stress factor in the urban exploitation of water resources. The situation is expected to be sharpened in the future due to the intensity of extreme meteorological phenomena, and socio-economic changes affecting water demand. In the city of Volos, Greece, the number of water counters has been tripled during the last four decades. This study attempts to simulate the city's network, supply system and water demand through a forecasting model. The forecast was examined under several situations, based on climate change and socio-economic observations of the city, using meteorological, water pricing, users' income, level of education, family members, floor and residence size variables. The most interesting outputs are: (a) the impact of each variable in the water consumption and (b) water balance under four management scenarios, indicating the future water management conditions of the broader area, including demand and supply management. The results proved that rational water management can lead to remarkable water conservation. The simulation of real scenarios and future situations in the city's water demand and balance, is the innovative element of the study, making it capable of supporting the local water utility.

scholarly journals A simulation impact evaluation of social-economic development on water resource use

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyi Wang ◽  
Weihua Zeng ◽  
Bo Yao ◽  
Jing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Tongzhou District ◽  
Social Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

Due to the fast growth of the economy and population, the water scarcity issue has aroused widespread critical concern. In fact, reasonable structure, adaptive patterns and effective regulation of the economy, society and water resources can bring a harmonious future. Therefore, the study of how to balance economic social growth and water resources is of great importance. A model of the water resource, society and economy system of the Tongzhou district was designed by Stella. The model established here attempts to analyze future trends in social-economic development and the impact of the economic and population growth on water use in the Tongzhou district under three scenarios. The results reveal that the water shortage is very serious. If the current trends persist, the existing water supply will not be able to meet the water demand in the future. Tongzhou district's water shortage will be 162.50 million m3 in 2020 under the business-as-usual scenario. Therefore, it is necessary to develop unconventional water sources and improve the water-saving capacity of production and life to alleviate the water tensions. This research offers insight into larger questions regarding economic growth and water resource management in general.

scholarly journals Economic development management in a water-capacious economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Fedulova ◽  
Volodymyr Dubnytskyi ◽  
Vitalina Komirna ◽  
Nataliia Naumenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Resource Specialization ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
The Impact

The world tendencies of spatial development, namely the availability of limited resources (primarily water) and the growth of the world’s food needs focus on the resource specialization of the region. On this basis, the purpose of the article is to study the impact of the water-capacious economy on the economic development of the country and its regions. The study used the traditional and special methods, including: historical and logical method – to analyze the functioning of regional socio-economic systems under limited water resources; and system analysis methods – to evaluate the impact of the water-capacious economy on the economic development of the country and its regions. The research results have important implications for the management of the territories. The authors show that the production specialization of the regions of Ukraine on the export/import of water-capacious products is not determined by their water supply. They also suggest that stimulating the region’s water-efficient activity should lead to a minimization of the water capacity of gross regional product and the reproduction of water capital, taking into account the water security of the regions. The authors also show that the water resources of the country and its regions and the natural water potential of the territories in the current situation become significant restriction to the economic development of territories, which allows to state the need to change the approaches to the regulation of regional development based on limited water resources.

scholarly journals Rapid Climate Adaption Assessment (RCAA) of water supply and sanitation services in two coastal urban poor communities in Accra, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Clemenz ◽  
Richard Boakye ◽  
Alison Parker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Communities

Abstract This study assessed the impact of different hydrological scenarios on existing vulnerabilities of water and sanitation services in Chorkor and Shiabu, two coastal urban poor communities in Accra, Ghana. The hydrological scenarios were developed from the literature on climate change projections. This paper recommends adaptations for community members, service providers, and the municipality based on the impact assessment. Chorkor and Shiabu are vulnerable to an increase in rainfall because of the lack of adequate solid waste management and hydrological sound drains. Shiabu's topography and the indiscriminate sand mining along its beach make it vulnerable to an increase in sea level. Looking beyond Chorkor and Shiabu's community boundaries, the urban water utility which supplies water vendors in both communities may be severely impacted by a decrease in rainfall, which would lead to water scarcity and a shortage in hydroelectricity. Regardless of which climate change scenario emerges, many of the recommended adaptations are good water management practice, for example, increasing the number of household connections and reducing non-revenue water. Putting climate change high on the agenda has the potential to generate additional funding to help address Chorkor and Shiabu's water and sanitation problems, and climate-proof services for the future. However, the study method does not address the governance of these adaptations.

scholarly journals The Enabling Environment for Participation in Water and Sanitation: A Conceptual Framework

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Jiménez ◽  
Hélène LeDeunff ◽  
Ricard Giné ◽  
Johanna Sjödin ◽  
Ryan Cronk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Enabling Environment ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Participatory Processes ◽  
Single Method

Participatory approaches are an important component of institutional frameworks for the governance of water resources and services. Studies on public participation in water management provide evidence for the outcomes of public participation and insights into the types of methods and the contexts under which participation can be meaningful. However, participatory processes are complex, and there is no single method by which to interpret, approach and implement them. This paper explores elements from the theory and practice of participation, applied to the management of water resources and water and sanitation services. Based on an in-depth literature review, we analyze the forms of participation in water and sanitation, their outcomes, as well as the contextual factors and procedural elements of participatory processes that affect their success. Contextual factors are those that are largely outside of the control of agencies or participants (e.g., demographics, history, and culture) or those that can only be influenced by management and institutional decisions in the mid- and long-term (e.g., the legal and institutional framework); while procedural elements are those over which agencies and participants have considerable control when designing and executing participatory efforts (e.g., representativeness and inclusivity, access to information, and opportunity to influence). We propose a framework that interrelates and integrates both contextual factors and procedural elements of participation. It, includes three additional aspects that are influenced by, and in turn influence, the context and the process: existing capacities for implementation of meaningful participatory processes, the resources that are allocated to them, and attitudes towards participatory processes. The framework helps conceptualize what we call the enabling environment for active, free, and meaningful participation in the delivery of water and sanitation services. By breaking down the complexities of participation, the framework supports practitioners and decision-makers to better design and implement participatory processes in water resources and water and sanitation services.

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