scholarly journals Feeling Their Way: Four Men Talk About Fatherhood in Valparaiso, Chile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Monica Evans
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Gender And Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Transformative Experience ◽  
Development Literature

<p>In this study, I explore the experiences and understandings of fatherhood of four men in Valparaiso, Chile, who became fathers between the ages of 16 and 19 and lived geographically, but not emotionally, distant from their children at the time this fieldwork took place. I seek thus to interrogate stereotypes in social discourse, Gender and Development research and many institutions about Latin American fathers in similar situations (Viveros 2001). Given the emotionally-intense nature of this project, I also examine the impacts of emotions and empathy on the relationships that were developed within it, and on researcher and participant subjectivities inside and outside the research process - a topic seldom addressed in social science literature (Bondi 2005). In framing this research, I draw on feminist, poststructural, structurationist and Participatory Action Research epistemologies, as well as ways-of-knowing that are indigenous to the area in which fieldwork took place. Methodologically, I carried out a series of unstructured and semi-structured interviews with each participant, and spent considerable time 'hanging out' with them as well (Kearns 2000). I also interviewed Chilean academics and practitioners working on issues of masculinity and fatherhood, both individually and in a group discussion. Presenting the work, I use stand-alone 'story sections' as well as interpretive chapters. These story sections provide more space than a 'straight' chaptered structure might allow for each man's personal tale to be told. I postulate that all four participants were emotionally compelled to 'father' and found spaces in which to do so, despite "larger stories" (Aitken 2009, 15) about youth, fatherhood and family that constricted their participation in their children's lives (Aguayo & Sadler 2006). Yet, they all remained unsatisfied with the "fathering spaces" (Aitken 2009, 171) that they were able to negotiate, and all felt pain as a result of this. Being recognised and emotionally understood 'as fathers' through empathetic engagement with me within this research process was thus a largely positive and sometimes transformative experience for participants. Such engagement also helped me to navigate concerns about positionality and representation, and reflecting on it later on enabled me to 'process' this emotionally-intense process, and to shift and deepen my analysis. In sum, the study offers an intimate, nuanced perspective on four men's fatherhoods and my experience of working with them, which I hope will contribute to more careful characterisations of men in similar situations in Gender and Development literature, and to scholarship on emotions and empathy in research relationships more generally.</p>

scholarly journals Feeling Their Way: Four Men Talk About Fatherhood in Valparaiso, Chile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Monica Evans
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Gender And Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Transformative Experience ◽  
Development Literature

<p>In this study, I explore the experiences and understandings of fatherhood of four men in Valparaiso, Chile, who became fathers between the ages of 16 and 19 and lived geographically, but not emotionally, distant from their children at the time this fieldwork took place. I seek thus to interrogate stereotypes in social discourse, Gender and Development research and many institutions about Latin American fathers in similar situations (Viveros 2001). Given the emotionally-intense nature of this project, I also examine the impacts of emotions and empathy on the relationships that were developed within it, and on researcher and participant subjectivities inside and outside the research process - a topic seldom addressed in social science literature (Bondi 2005). In framing this research, I draw on feminist, poststructural, structurationist and Participatory Action Research epistemologies, as well as ways-of-knowing that are indigenous to the area in which fieldwork took place. Methodologically, I carried out a series of unstructured and semi-structured interviews with each participant, and spent considerable time 'hanging out' with them as well (Kearns 2000). I also interviewed Chilean academics and practitioners working on issues of masculinity and fatherhood, both individually and in a group discussion. Presenting the work, I use stand-alone 'story sections' as well as interpretive chapters. These story sections provide more space than a 'straight' chaptered structure might allow for each man's personal tale to be told. I postulate that all four participants were emotionally compelled to 'father' and found spaces in which to do so, despite "larger stories" (Aitken 2009, 15) about youth, fatherhood and family that constricted their participation in their children's lives (Aguayo & Sadler 2006). Yet, they all remained unsatisfied with the "fathering spaces" (Aitken 2009, 171) that they were able to negotiate, and all felt pain as a result of this. Being recognised and emotionally understood 'as fathers' through empathetic engagement with me within this research process was thus a largely positive and sometimes transformative experience for participants. Such engagement also helped me to navigate concerns about positionality and representation, and reflecting on it later on enabled me to 'process' this emotionally-intense process, and to shift and deepen my analysis. In sum, the study offers an intimate, nuanced perspective on four men's fatherhoods and my experience of working with them, which I hope will contribute to more careful characterisations of men in similar situations in Gender and Development literature, and to scholarship on emotions and empathy in research relationships more generally.</p>

scholarly journals (The) Margin(s) Speak! A Multifaceted Examination of Practising ‘Men who have Sex with Men’ Development in Bangkok

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Burford
Keyword(s):  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Performative Writing ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Development Literature

<p>In this study, I explore the experiences and understandings of twenty-seven participants involved with ‘men who have sex with men’ (MSM) development interventions in Bangkok, seeking to better understand the complex realities that emerge in practising MSM development. I endeavor to interrogate the development field’s limited understandings of sexuality as well as the discourses present (and absent) in existing Queering Development research. By acknowledging my personal journey in and through this re-search, I also examine authentic ways-of-being a queeresearcher, noting the challenges I faced and power I discovered in re-searching and re-presenting my own work. Ultimately, I explore the link between the paucity of local developing queer narratives in Queering Development and the limited space students have, to be visibly queer in mainstream theses – to do this I use the metaphor of ‘the margins’. In framing this re-search, I draw nourishment from queer, critical, poststructural and Participatory Action Research epistemologies. Methodologically, I carried out semi-structured interviews and focus groups, as well as using other tools such as mapping and story writing. I also spent time ‘hanging out’ at both Rainbow Sky and Bangkok Rainbow, enabling both a deeper appreciation of the work carried out by the organisations as well as providing an opportunity to gather materials. The generation of data did not cease once I left ‘the field’; I continued to produce autoethnographic texts including poetry and a re-search performance which I used both as a method of enquiry and re-presentation of this study. This multifaceted approach enabled diverse questions (emerging across disciplines) to be addressed in my work. To re-present my analyses of participants’ accounts I have celebrated different ways-of-knowing re-search. I have used poetry and consciously performative writing, visual art (including graffiti) and performance alongside traditional scholarly prose. This approach enables multiple voices to emerge all over the page, questioning the hegemony of the bound, straight-lined thesis and the ‘legitimate’ knowledges it generally contains. I argue that queer postgraduate students may be able to open spaces to produce authentic work, despite pressures to perform straight research texts. Yet, pressures to conform to traditional understandings of theses may be painful reminders of their own positions in academia and society. Overall, my study offers intimate, multifaceted perspectives on the agency of MSM development practitioners in Bangkok and my own experience of finding power through queeresearch. I hope it will contribute to more nuanced understandings of local practitioners of MSM development in Queering Development literature, and to scholarship on queer postgraduate students’ experience of re-search more generally.</p>

scholarly journals (The) Margin(s) Speak! A Multifaceted Examination of Practising ‘Men who have Sex with Men’ Development in Bangkok

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Burford
Keyword(s):  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Performative Writing ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Development Literature

<p>In this study, I explore the experiences and understandings of twenty-seven participants involved with ‘men who have sex with men’ (MSM) development interventions in Bangkok, seeking to better understand the complex realities that emerge in practising MSM development. I endeavor to interrogate the development field’s limited understandings of sexuality as well as the discourses present (and absent) in existing Queering Development research. By acknowledging my personal journey in and through this re-search, I also examine authentic ways-of-being a queeresearcher, noting the challenges I faced and power I discovered in re-searching and re-presenting my own work. Ultimately, I explore the link between the paucity of local developing queer narratives in Queering Development and the limited space students have, to be visibly queer in mainstream theses – to do this I use the metaphor of ‘the margins’. In framing this re-search, I draw nourishment from queer, critical, poststructural and Participatory Action Research epistemologies. Methodologically, I carried out semi-structured interviews and focus groups, as well as using other tools such as mapping and story writing. I also spent time ‘hanging out’ at both Rainbow Sky and Bangkok Rainbow, enabling both a deeper appreciation of the work carried out by the organisations as well as providing an opportunity to gather materials. The generation of data did not cease once I left ‘the field’; I continued to produce autoethnographic texts including poetry and a re-search performance which I used both as a method of enquiry and re-presentation of this study. This multifaceted approach enabled diverse questions (emerging across disciplines) to be addressed in my work. To re-present my analyses of participants’ accounts I have celebrated different ways-of-knowing re-search. I have used poetry and consciously performative writing, visual art (including graffiti) and performance alongside traditional scholarly prose. This approach enables multiple voices to emerge all over the page, questioning the hegemony of the bound, straight-lined thesis and the ‘legitimate’ knowledges it generally contains. I argue that queer postgraduate students may be able to open spaces to produce authentic work, despite pressures to perform straight research texts. Yet, pressures to conform to traditional understandings of theses may be painful reminders of their own positions in academia and society. Overall, my study offers intimate, multifaceted perspectives on the agency of MSM development practitioners in Bangkok and my own experience of finding power through queeresearch. I hope it will contribute to more nuanced understandings of local practitioners of MSM development in Queering Development literature, and to scholarship on queer postgraduate students’ experience of re-search more generally.</p>

scholarly journals "Everybody knows by hearing but not by seeing": Exploring the use of photovoice to document challenges of some inter-provincial students at the University of Danang, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Research Process ◽  
University Administrators ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

<p>This research employed a Participatory Action Research methodology to work with minority inter-provincial students and unearth their lived experiences at the University of Danang in Vietnam. It focused on examining the undervaluation of inter-provincial students’ voices in the university’s policies – and to a wider extent, in most Vietnamese universities – by facilitating a process in which their challenges and ideas for change at university could be heard.  This research also sought to observe and analyse the influences of power dynamics within a Confucian-heritaged context on the participatory research process itself. Vietnam is believed to be a society in which hierarchical power takes its deepest roots due to the effects of Confucianism. By using Participatory Action Research with a variety of methods – photovoice, diagraming, group discussion, interviewing and exhibition – I sought to facilitate student voices and document some of the potential and constraints of the methodology within this cultural context.  The research involved eleven student participants and ten teacher participants over a period of six weeks. Data was collectively analysed and shared by student participants with invited teachers through an exhibition at the University of Danang. Throughout the process, I took extensive field notes of my observations and interactions with participants. Data analysis was then written and presented in this thesis based on what participants had provided. Key themes that this thesis explores are: (1) challenges that faced inter-provincial students, (2) the impact of Confucius hierarchical power on participants’ involvement and ownership in the research and (3) the role of language and emotion when undertaking Participatory Action Research in such a context.  The process generated clear evidence of the common challenges facing interprovincial students associated with limited finances, mentality/spirituality, and poor living conditions. From analysis of these challenges, the research provides recommendations for teachers, university administrators and policy-makers. These recommendations promote a more holistic pedagogy that better encourages students to develop themselves throughout their time at university.  The thesis also concludes that the use of Participatory Action Research within higher education settings in Vietnam can serve as a research model for the betterment of disadvantaged minority students. It could help minimise the effects of neoliberalism on the country’s higher education sector and foster better development outcomes for students and their home provinces.</p>

scholarly journals Involving Children in Creating a Healthy Environment in Low Socioeconomic Position (SEP) Neighborhoods in The Netherlands: A Participatory Action Research (PAR) Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12131
Author(s):  
Lisa Wilderink ◽  
Ingrid Bakker ◽  
Albertine J. Schuit ◽  
Jacob C. Seidell ◽  
Carry M. Renders
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Healthy Environment

To ensure that health behavior interventions for children living in low socioeconomic position (SEP) neighborhoods are in line with children’s wishes and needs, participation of the children in the development, implementation, and evaluation is crucial. In this paper, we show how children living in three low-SEP neighborhoods in the Netherlands can be involved in Participatory Action Research (PAR) by using the photovoice method, and what influences this research process. Observations, informal chats, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with children and professionals were done to evaluate the research process. The photovoice method provided comprehensive information from the children’s perspectives. With the help of the community workers, the children identified feasible actions. We found that it is important to constantly discuss the research process with participants, start with a concrete question or problem, and adapt the project to the local context and skills of participants.

scholarly journals "Everybody knows by hearing but not by seeing": Exploring the use of photovoice to document challenges of some inter-provincial students at the University of Danang, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Research Process ◽  
University Administrators ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

<p>This research employed a Participatory Action Research methodology to work with minority inter-provincial students and unearth their lived experiences at the University of Danang in Vietnam. It focused on examining the undervaluation of inter-provincial students’ voices in the university’s policies – and to a wider extent, in most Vietnamese universities – by facilitating a process in which their challenges and ideas for change at university could be heard.  This research also sought to observe and analyse the influences of power dynamics within a Confucian-heritaged context on the participatory research process itself. Vietnam is believed to be a society in which hierarchical power takes its deepest roots due to the effects of Confucianism. By using Participatory Action Research with a variety of methods – photovoice, diagraming, group discussion, interviewing and exhibition – I sought to facilitate student voices and document some of the potential and constraints of the methodology within this cultural context.  The research involved eleven student participants and ten teacher participants over a period of six weeks. Data was collectively analysed and shared by student participants with invited teachers through an exhibition at the University of Danang. Throughout the process, I took extensive field notes of my observations and interactions with participants. Data analysis was then written and presented in this thesis based on what participants had provided. Key themes that this thesis explores are: (1) challenges that faced inter-provincial students, (2) the impact of Confucius hierarchical power on participants’ involvement and ownership in the research and (3) the role of language and emotion when undertaking Participatory Action Research in such a context.  The process generated clear evidence of the common challenges facing interprovincial students associated with limited finances, mentality/spirituality, and poor living conditions. From analysis of these challenges, the research provides recommendations for teachers, university administrators and policy-makers. These recommendations promote a more holistic pedagogy that better encourages students to develop themselves throughout their time at university.  The thesis also concludes that the use of Participatory Action Research within higher education settings in Vietnam can serve as a research model for the betterment of disadvantaged minority students. It could help minimise the effects of neoliberalism on the country’s higher education sector and foster better development outcomes for students and their home provinces.</p>

Uncovering Social Issues Through Photovoice: A Comprehensive Methodology

2021 ◽  
pp. 193758672110551
Author(s):  
Mia Kile
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Shared Experience ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Photovoice Methodology

Photovoice is a form of participatory action research and community-based participatory research and often used in social sciences to understand the needs of others and uncover the challenges and assets that may exist. Photovoice engages participants in the research process by inviting them to share their experiences through photographs and personal narratives. This act of storytelling and group discussion provides emotional connections among the participant cohort. Through the discussion of shared experience, common themes may arise. This column provides and overview of the photovoice methodology and highlights some of the benefits and limitations one might experience when leading photovoice based projects. Photovoice is a powerful tool that can prove useful for design researchers and practitioners alike as they seek to understand the challenges facing others. It is through this understanding that transformation to improve situations can occur.

scholarly journals Participatory action research in the field of neonatal intensive care: developing an intervention to meet the fathers’ needs. A case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Noergaard ◽  
Helle Johannessen ◽  
Jesper Fenger-Gron ◽  
Poul-Erik Kofoed ◽  
Jette Ammentorp
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Interdisciplinary Healthcare

<em>Background</em>: In neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) health care professionals typically give most of their attention to the infants and the mothers while many fathers feel uncertain and have an unmet need for support and guidance. This paper describes and discusses participatory action research (PAR) as a method to improve NICUs’ service for fathers. Our goal is to develop a father-friendly NICU where both the needs of fathers and mothers are met using an approach based on PAR that involves fathers, mothers, interdisciplinary healthcare professionals, and managers. <br /><em>Design and methods:</em> This PAR process was carried out from August 2011 to July 2013 and included participant observations, semi-structured interviews, multi sequential interviews, workshops, focus groups, group discussion, and a seminar. The theoretical framework of validity described by Herr and Anderson’s three criteria; process-, democratic-, and catalytic validity were used to discuss this PAR. <br /><em>Results</em>: Twelve fathers, 11 mothers, 48 health professionals and managers participated in the PAR process. The collaboration ensured the engagement for viable and constructive local changes to be used in designing the concept of the father friendly NICU.<br /><em>Conclusions</em>: This paper contributed new knowledge of how PAR can be used to ensure that participants engaged in the field are involved in the entire process; consequently, this will ensure that the changes are feasible and sustainable.

Revitalisasi MI Nahdlotusy Syubban dengan Pendekatan PSM (Peran Serta Masyarakat) untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian Sekolah

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Edi Daenuri Anwar ◽  
Wahyudi Wahyudi ◽  
Joko Budi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
School Facilities ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Teaching Learning

<p>It has been succesfully done the community services activity by using Participatory Action Research (PAR) entitled “Revitalisasi MI Nahdlotusy Syubban dengan pendekatan peran serta masyarakat (PSM) untuk meningkatkan kemandirian sekolah”. The object of this community services is MI Nahdlotusy Syubban Sarimulyo Winong Pati. To explore the problems in this Islamic Boarding School, 3 correlated actions have been formulated. They are Training on School Based Management, PAIKEM Training, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) addressed to all school management people. The discussions are mainly about the interconnection of the Islamic School (madrasah) with the society in the field of management, feed-back, and school facilities.</p><p>The results are that the teachers already applied PAIKEM in the teaching learning process and the society can directly involved not only in providing the school facilities but also in implementing the control function to the <em>madrasah.</em>As for knowingthe targetandthe quality of graduates, avision, missionand quality standardsarebeing developedin theschool curriculum.</p><p> </p><p>Telah dilakukan pengabdian dengan metode PAR / Participatory  Action Research dengan judul  “Revitalisasi MI Nahdlotusy Syubban dengan pendekatan peran serta masyarakat (PSM) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian sekolah”. Objek  pengabdian ini adalah MI Nahdlotusy Syubban Sarimulyo Winong Pati.  Untuk mengurai masalah-masalah di madrasah ini di rumuskan 3 tindakan  kegiatan yang saling berkaitan. Pelatihan Manajemen berbasis sekolah (MBS), dan untuk memperjelas komponen MBS dalam proses pembelajaran  diadakan pelatihan  pembelajaran aktif, inovatif, kreatif, efektif dan  menyenangkan (PAIKEM ) sedangkan komponen keuangan, sarpras dan hubungan dengan masyarakat yang merupakan penjabaran dari MBS dirangkum dalam<em> Focus Group Discussion  </em>( FGD) yang di ikuti oleh pemangku kepentingan madrasah meliputi Guru, kepala Sekolah, Yayasan, Komite dan masyarakat secara umum. Dalam FGD ini membahas keterkaitan antara madrasah dengan masyarakat baik dalam bidang manajemen, umpan timbal balik, dan pengadaan sarana dan Prasarana</p><p>Hasilnya guru-guru mulai menerapkan PAIKEM dalam pembelajarannya, dan ternyata masyarakat langsung membuktikan peran sertanya dalam pengadaan dan pembuatan sarana dan prasarana madrasah serta melaksankan fungsi kontrol terhadap madrasah. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui target dan mutu lulusan di susunlah visi misi dan standar mutu lulusan yang mulai  dikembangkan dalam kurikulum pembelajaran sekolah.</p>

Self-Care in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 598-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Barbosa da Rocha ◽  
Cristiano Sales Silva ◽  
Vinícius Saura Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Self-care is essential for the prevention of complications in patients with diabetes, but several authors report that even with health education programs, the incidence of complications in patients with diabetes continues to increase. Objective: We aimed to examine adherence to self-care strategies and the repercussions of adherence on the clinical profiles of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched for related studies in 4 databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature (LILACS). We included observational studies in English and Portuguese that evaluated the effects of selfcare in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Results: The search resulted in the identification of 615 articles, of which 34 met all the inclusion criteria. General self-care was considered unsatisfactory. Physical exercise was classified as the self-care activity that was performed less frequently by individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus; adherence to medication was the most frequent behavior among volunteers. Conclusion: The studies indicated poor adherence of the population to good self-care practices, reflected by the increase in complications related to DM.

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