scholarly journals A permanent tent: A retrospective and reconsideration of the A-Frame Chalet in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Callan Svendsen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
First Century ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Architectural Representation ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Sleeping Arrangements ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

<p>The mid twentieth century A-Frame chalet holds a special place in the memories of generations of New Zealanders. Reminiscent of summer and winter getaways, it is perhaps the most poignant architectural representation of leisure and relaxation.  The novelty of unconventional sleeping arrangements, intimate spatial dynamics and the somewhat ephemeral nature of the typology combined to imbue the A-Frame with a strong emotional association. This research intends to harness the nostalgic connotations and use this, along with contemporary interior architectural theory, to reinterpret the A-Frame as a relevant form of accommodation suitable for twenty-first century vacationers and permanent inhabitants alike.  Early New Zealand A-Frames were supplied as kit sets to be erected by owners with rudimentary knowledge of construction techniques. This ‘low-end’ means of arrival, understandable given the purpose of the dwelling, resulted in a typology that was regarded as a lesser relative to the primary (and more conventional) home. Awkward interior spaces were regarded as novel and tolerable for the duration of the vacation.  There is limited academic publication on the A-Frame Chalet and its place in New Zealand architectural history. The aim of this research is to identify the key proponents of the style and use this as a base for a modern reinterpretation encompassing spatial and material issues.  The modern tendency toward compact housing and preservation of architecturally distinctive buildings favours a new appreciation of the A-Frame. A reevaluation will address limitations of the original and re-interpret the A-Frame from nostalgic novelty to spatially responsive contemporary architecture.</p>

scholarly journals A permanent tent: A retrospective and reconsideration of the A-Frame Chalet in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Callan Svendsen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
First Century ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Architectural Representation ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Sleeping Arrangements ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

<p>The mid twentieth century A-Frame chalet holds a special place in the memories of generations of New Zealanders. Reminiscent of summer and winter getaways, it is perhaps the most poignant architectural representation of leisure and relaxation.  The novelty of unconventional sleeping arrangements, intimate spatial dynamics and the somewhat ephemeral nature of the typology combined to imbue the A-Frame with a strong emotional association. This research intends to harness the nostalgic connotations and use this, along with contemporary interior architectural theory, to reinterpret the A-Frame as a relevant form of accommodation suitable for twenty-first century vacationers and permanent inhabitants alike.  Early New Zealand A-Frames were supplied as kit sets to be erected by owners with rudimentary knowledge of construction techniques. This ‘low-end’ means of arrival, understandable given the purpose of the dwelling, resulted in a typology that was regarded as a lesser relative to the primary (and more conventional) home. Awkward interior spaces were regarded as novel and tolerable for the duration of the vacation.  There is limited academic publication on the A-Frame Chalet and its place in New Zealand architectural history. The aim of this research is to identify the key proponents of the style and use this as a base for a modern reinterpretation encompassing spatial and material issues.  The modern tendency toward compact housing and preservation of architecturally distinctive buildings favours a new appreciation of the A-Frame. A reevaluation will address limitations of the original and re-interpret the A-Frame from nostalgic novelty to spatially responsive contemporary architecture.</p>

The impact of technology on architecture in Iran with focus on saving in energy consumption

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh Kavoosi ◽  
Shahin Heidari ◽  
Hamed Mazaherian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Demand Prediction ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

Growth and development of technology caused enormous transformation and change in the world after Industrial Revolution. The contemporary human has prepared the platform for their realization in many activities that the humans were unable to do it in the past time and struck the dream of their realization in their mind so that today doing many of those activities have been apparently practical by human. This accelerating growth accompanied with consuming a lot of energy where with respect to restriction of the given existing resources, it created energy crises. On the other hand, along with growth in industry and requirement for manpower and immigration from village to city and basic architectural changes in houses, which have emerged due to change in social structure it has led to change in lifestyle and type and quantity of consuming energy in contemporary architecture. Inter alia, with increase in human’s capability, cooling and heating and acoustic and lighting technologies were also changed in architecture and using mechanical system was replaced by traditional systems. Application of modern systems, which resulted from growth of industry and development of technology and it unfortunately, caused further manipulation in nature and destruction of it by human in addition to improving capability and potential of human’s creativity. With respect to growth of population and further need for housing and tendency to the dependent heating and cooling systems to them in this article we may notice that the housing is assumed as the greatest consumer of energy to create balance among the exterior and interior spaces in line with creating welfare conditions for heating and cooling and lighting. The tables of energy demand prediction in Iran show that these costs and energy consumption will be dubbed with energy control smart management in architecture.

scholarly journals Skin, Clothing, and Dwelling

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem Ekici
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Century Science

Gottfried Semper is often credited with originating the concept of the building as skin in architectural theory, but an alternative trajectory of this idea can be found in the mid-nineteenth-century science of hygiene. In Skin, Clothing, and Dwelling: Max von Pettenkofer, the Science of Hygiene, and Breathing Walls, Didem Ekici explores the affinity of skin, clothing, and dwelling in nineteenth-century German thinking, focusing on a marginal figure in architectural history, physician Max von Pettenkofer (1818–1901), the “father of experimental hygiene.” Pettenkofer's concept of clothing and dwelling as skins influenced theories of architecture that emphasized the environmental performance of the architectural envelope. This article examines Pettenkofer's writings and contemporary works on hygiene, ethnology, Kulturgeschichte (cultural history), and linguistics that linked skin, clothing, and dwelling. From nineteenth-century “breathing walls” to today's high-performance envelopes, theories of the building as a regulating membrane are a testament to the unsung legacy of Pettenkofer and the science of hygiene.

scholarly journals Spaces of Wellbeing; A Framework for Tertiary Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tessa Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Maori Health

<p>Generally, one in five New Zealanders experience mental illness. Majority of lifelong mental illnesses begin before the age of 25, presenting a real problem for youth. In 2018, young people of New Zealand called for more help as they rallied outside parliament. The government responded by allocating more money towards student mental health. Yet, employing more counsellors, which is necessary, is not the only way to contribute to an urgent need for a new approach towards supporting mental health and wellbeing.   This research portfolio responded to this complex situation by developing ‘a guide’ for the design of tertiary spaces supportive of wellbeing. One of the most important goals of this work was to align the research closely with user needs and views, therefore research methods involved including students views in more than one phase of development. The work draws on evidence based design, geography, health and architectural theory and the existing wellbeing knowledge. Engagement with the users, observation, experiments and real life interventions were critical in refining a conceptual framework which kept the users at the centre of the process. The outcome of this research was a resource to guide the design of tertiary space for wellbeing, using five intervention points, which could have a positive effect on the student wellbeing if implemented as a system.  New Zealand must shift the current model of mental health care towards more holistic understandings of health, which better incorporates Māori health and wellbeing. Despite New Zealand’s bicultural values, Māori experience significantly higher rates of mental illness. This prompted to design with the same understandings of hauora (health). As a result, the conceptual framework presented a multi-dimensional, interconnected understanding of wellbeing through an integrated framework exploring physical, cultural, social, learning and spiritual environments.   While it is acknowledged that environments can affect our mental health, this is an under researched field requiring motivation to stimulate discussion and change. This research advocates wellbeing as a central focus in the design of our built environments and explores the opportunity for architecture to facilitate our student and national wellbeing goals.</p>

scholarly journals Reshaping exhibition and museum design through digital technologies: a multimodal approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Borsotti ◽  
Letizia Bollini
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Exhibition Design ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Exhibition Space ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Museum Design ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
Social Landscapes

Exhibition design as preferential research framework in redefining interior spaces value-ratio in contemporary architecture debate: the merging end integration approach introduced by communication and performative exhibition practices is redesigning culturally and physically the pre-existing spaces. Exhibition design research innovative carrying out planning approach for changing strategies simultaneity knowledge spreading. In this way it became the most interesting and topical interior design project act, able to translate performing spaces into crossing experience built also with meanings dissemination and "surfing" knowledge method. The exhibition design direction is a different tool to control and develop multimodal approach to interior territories whose outcome fit to new social landscapes The Installation of an exhibition space meaning is now coming into sight as work-in-progress multi-disciplinary range, increasingly complex. The experiential element (whom exponential use of digital solution is just an exterior consequence) will increasing more and more and will bring to ostensive solutions development looking to new classifying parameters capable in enclosing several simultaneous organizing relationships. These parameters represents many super-structural rationalization process aptitudes that draw close true courses and imaginary tours, into complex changeable landscapes where raise to the surface place, objects and viewers sense and myths, made by production act, supervising to thoughts and actions as independent and symbiotic designer and visitor condition.

scholarly journals Environmental representation: Bridging the drawings and historiography of Mediterranean vernacular architecture

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 3472
Author(s):  
Kemal Reha Kavas
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
Architectural Representation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Representation Of Architecture ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
Environmental Representation

Architectural drawings, which are projections of spaces on a paper surface, can be categorized according to the projections’ directional and temporal relation with the represented space. A projection becomes a documentation when it departs from an existing spatial organization for recording it on paper. The projection serves the design process when it departs from the present to foresee a spatial proposal in the future. While the former records the present within limited interpretive range, the latter is more constructive.  While these two types of projections are known widely, there is another highly interpretive type of projection, the potentials of which, are generally underestimated. As the architectural historian’s tool, this third projection type represents bygone architecture. The task of this drawing, which is one of the least questioned issues of architectural history, is to restore an incomplete image by referring to material and textual sources. This drawing type contributes to the methodology of architectural historiography while conceiving, explaining and representing space.For illustrating this situation, this study analyzes the vernacular settlements and their environmental integration because this selected context reveals the interpretive nature of the third type of projection in a successful way. In this framework, the cut-away axonometric is considered as an appropriate drawing method for uncovering the integrity between architecture and its site or culture and nature. The outcome of this theoretical insight into the prolific relations between drawing and architectural history is coined as “environmental representation.”In history architectural products have been integral components of the environment. Then, the architectural representation of historical buildings through drawings becomes critical since the majority of architectural drawings tend to isolate buildings from their environment. This conventional representation of historical architecture has been the dominant tool of typological analysis. Typology, which is intertwined with plan drawings, categorizes historical buildings according to their spatial, structural and material organizations and disengages the buildings from their socio-cultural and environmental context. If this methodological problem of typology is regarded as a problem of drawing, a new mode of “environmental representation” can be proposed.This study proposes “environmental representation” of architecture through cut-away axonometric. This graphic proposal is based upon the theoretical references of “environmental aesthetics”, which is an interdisciplinary field analyzing the participatory human engagement in environment. “Aesthetics,” as a term, defines this bodily engagement into environment through the use of all human senses. In this theoretical framework this study challenges the assumptions of scientific theory for architectural representation of the “abstracted object” and proposes an alternative method of “environmental representation” on the basis of “aesthetics”. Within this scope, the proposed cut-away axonometric drawings produced by the author is analyzed in order to represent exemplary historical contexts of architecture selected through the vernacular settlements of the Anatolian Mediterranean.

scholarly journals The Limits and Possibilities of Sino-New Zealand Defence Relations: A New Zealand Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Julian Lee
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
First Century ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Western Power ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Future ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
First Time

<p>Western power has been sustained in the Asia-Pacific region by United States military might ever since the defeat of Japan. For the first time since then, China, a non-Western power, poses a challenge to that dominance, with the result that “neither Australia nor New Zealand has ever seriously considered how we would defend our interests and secure our countries in a region which was not dominated by our great and powerful Anglo-Saxon friends.”1 China is the new variable in the Asia-Pacific equation, and New Zealand is now required to factor this new element into its strategic calculations for the future. China’s ascendancy in the Asia-Pacific region will have a huge impact on New Zealand’s future strategic outlook. The purpose of this essay will be to design, as simply as possible, a way to structure thoughts and discussion about the defence relationship between New Zealand and China, from a New Zealand perspective. It will aim to establish a basic framework centred around a number of themes in order to provide a platform for analysis in the future. It will be a brief examination of how these two nations talk with each other at the defence level in the early twenty-first century.</p>

scholarly journals An Architectural Dialogue with the Eleatic Stranger

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christian Jacob Squire
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Eleatic Stranger ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Theory Of Forms

<p>Reports throughout New Zealand have highlighted a chronic and growing problem in our urban centres – the effects of alcohol abuse and binge drinking leave our youth vulnerable and unprotected. The results can sometimes be catastrophic. Makeshift paramedic tents have recently been erected in Wellington to provide aid and retreat, but these are temporary structures and only available two nights per week. The vulnerability of New Zealand’s youth occurs not only on nights with too much alcohol, but also in response to the daily stresses brought on by contemporary urban life. New Zealand youth suicide rates are the highest out of 30 OECD nations and more than twice the OECD average (Chapman). Likewise the secularization of contemporary urban society has resulted in the loss of spiritual retreats previously found within churches and religious centres. This thesis examines the need for a permanent urban retreat for all those who are temporarily vulnerable. The thesis investigates how architectural form can provide a new approach to urban retreat by critically engaging analogous theories found in the writings of Plato and Louis Kahn. Both Plato’s theory of Forms (discussed in Plato’s “Dialogues”) and Louis Kahn’s 1961 essay “Form and Design” are centred on the idea of achieving an enlightened state of mind, freeing the mind from the physical realm. Plato’s theory of Forms posits that the universe is separated into two realms: an intelligible realm and a sensible realm. All objects that exist in the sensible realm – perceivable to us by our senses – are merely imperfect shadows of their essences or Forms. By understanding this, we can free our minds from the distractions of life which so often lead to stress and despair. Plato’s theory of Forms has many parallels with the architectural theory of Louis Kahn, as evidenced in Kahn’s “Form and Design”. Kahn describes the ‘measurable’ and ‘immeasurable’ realms, which are analogous to Plato’s sensible and intelligible realms. This thesis critically engages these analogous theories of Plato and Kahn – achieving an enlightened state of mind, freeing the mind from the physical realm – to establish how architectural form can provide urban retreat for those who are temporarily vulnerable. The site for the design research investigation is the nameless alleyway in the Courtenay Place precinct which separates Wellington’s historic St James Theatre from The Mermaid bar and brothel – a site which symbolizes the conflicting stimuli to which our urban residents are now continually exposed.</p>

scholarly journals EXPLORING FRAMEWORKS FOR A HISTORY OF EARTH BUILDING IN AOTEAROA NEW ZEALAND

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 969-976
Author(s):  
M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
First Century ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
Structural Hierarchy ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Detailed Record ◽  
Complete History

Abstract. Aotearoa New Zealand has a unique earth building heritage. For centuries, Māori used earth for floors and as a binder for fibrous walling materials. When settlers arrived in the nineteenth century, they brought earth building techniques with them, and in the early days of colonisation, earth buildings were commonplace. Many still survive, but as processed timber became readily available, building in earth declined; by the middle of the twentieth century it had almost ceased. Following renewed interest after World War Two, earth building continued into the twenty-first century, albeit as a non-standard form of construction. Databases compiled by Heritage New Zealand, Miles Allen, and the author, supplemented by accounts from a variety of sources, provide a relatively detailed record of earth buildings from all over Aotearoa but no cohesive history has yet been written. This paper considers possible approaches to writing such a history. Methodologies employed in local and international architectural histories are analysed, and a number of structural hierarchies are identified: for instance, Ronald Rael organises his material firstly by technique and then chronology in Earth Architecture, while Ted Howard uses location and then chronology for his Australasian history, Mud and Man. Information from New Zealand sources is then applied to these frameworks to arrive at an appropriate structural hierarchy for a complete history of earth building in Aotearoa.

Psychiatric ethics and the professions

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-142
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Coady
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
First Century ◽  
High Status ◽  
Relative Autonomy ◽  
Rapid Communication ◽  
Zealand College

The chapter provides a critical analysis of past understandings of the characteristics of professions. Many of these characteristics have lost meaning in the twenty-first century. High status has been diminished partly by professionals’ betrayal of the values they expound, but partly also by social factors such as rapid communication of information and changed understanding of the nature of knowledge, both of which have led to general scepticism about expertise. Professionals’ previous relative autonomy is challenged by government intervention and by the fact that more professionals are employed in large organizations where managers are the power centres. The chapter argues for a ‘new professionalism’ and takes two principles from the Code of Ethics of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry to demonstrate how carefully deliberated codes of ethics can enunciate the particular values which the professions contribute in a well-functioning society.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document