Pieces and Parts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emma Fell
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Design System ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Horizontal Connection ◽  
Inclusive System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Timber Product

<p>Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) is a contemporary engineered wood product and its use is growing within the construction industry. CLT is a readily available structural timber product and with the development of CNC (Computer Numerical Control), customisable panels can be fabricated off-site.  There is, however, a gap to create both a system, which is all-inclusive of the exterior cladding system with the structural CLT panel. The research fills this gap, with the design of custom joinery between CLT panels and the cladding. The design of the vertical metal joints aim at creating a prefabricated envelope system that responds to any design, due to working with any cladding option. The holistic system also investigated an efficient approach with the connection between CLT wall and floor panels. The horizontal base and top connection between the wall and floor panels aimed at utilising modern techniques, whilst applying a high level of prefabrication. The designed prefabricated vertical and horizontal joints allow for a savings in time within the construction stage as the system is fabricated off-site, delivered to the site, and therefore erected quickly. The ease of on-site assembly is dependent on the off-site production. Fabricating the system off-site within a controlled environment is cost effective and is fabricated regardless of weather. Due to the efficient assembly of parts on-site, this reduces the need for on-site scaffolding. The new design system includes structural CLT panels, insulation, waterproofing, the custom designed joints, and the exterior cladding. This ensures that when it is brought to site, minimum amount of construction is needed.  Developing this all-inclusive system ensures ease of construction, also in locations that are hard or dangerous to reach. This specifically includes infill sites, but is also not limited to this. Construction on sites harder to access (beach fronts, hills) can also be considered due to the system being fabricated off-site, resulting in an easier build, therefore not deterring people away from specific sites.  The holistic system examines off-site production methods and on-site assembly. The development of the off-site fabricated CLT panel that is inclusive of a weather-sealed cladding ensures that the on-site assembly is minimised. Developing the vertical joinery system for the cladding, and the horizontal connection for the panels, ensures that system can be constructed without the use of scaffolding, minimising the need to access the exterior. With the increase of CLT buildings, and prefabrication being an efficient way of building, the development of this system could provide a start to a solution within the construction industry.</p>

scholarly journals Pieces and Parts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emma Fell
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Design System ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Horizontal Connection ◽  
Inclusive System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Timber Product

<p>Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) is a contemporary engineered wood product and its use is growing within the construction industry. CLT is a readily available structural timber product and with the development of CNC (Computer Numerical Control), customisable panels can be fabricated off-site.  There is, however, a gap to create both a system, which is all-inclusive of the exterior cladding system with the structural CLT panel. The research fills this gap, with the design of custom joinery between CLT panels and the cladding. The design of the vertical metal joints aim at creating a prefabricated envelope system that responds to any design, due to working with any cladding option. The holistic system also investigated an efficient approach with the connection between CLT wall and floor panels. The horizontal base and top connection between the wall and floor panels aimed at utilising modern techniques, whilst applying a high level of prefabrication. The designed prefabricated vertical and horizontal joints allow for a savings in time within the construction stage as the system is fabricated off-site, delivered to the site, and therefore erected quickly. The ease of on-site assembly is dependent on the off-site production. Fabricating the system off-site within a controlled environment is cost effective and is fabricated regardless of weather. Due to the efficient assembly of parts on-site, this reduces the need for on-site scaffolding. The new design system includes structural CLT panels, insulation, waterproofing, the custom designed joints, and the exterior cladding. This ensures that when it is brought to site, minimum amount of construction is needed.  Developing this all-inclusive system ensures ease of construction, also in locations that are hard or dangerous to reach. This specifically includes infill sites, but is also not limited to this. Construction on sites harder to access (beach fronts, hills) can also be considered due to the system being fabricated off-site, resulting in an easier build, therefore not deterring people away from specific sites.  The holistic system examines off-site production methods and on-site assembly. The development of the off-site fabricated CLT panel that is inclusive of a weather-sealed cladding ensures that the on-site assembly is minimised. Developing the vertical joinery system for the cladding, and the horizontal connection for the panels, ensures that system can be constructed without the use of scaffolding, minimising the need to access the exterior. With the increase of CLT buildings, and prefabrication being an efficient way of building, the development of this system could provide a start to a solution within the construction industry.</p>

Rational Choice of Information Form Converters for Automated Systems in Construction

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Sigma Delta ◽  
Processor Core ◽  
Building Monitoring ◽  
High Level

In automated control systems for technical processes, the conversion of a continuous signal into a digital code and vice versa from a digital code to a continuous (analog) value is widely used. For direct type converters often used the term ADC, the reverse - DAC. The characteristics of the converters often dramatically affect the parameters of the entire automated system. The importance of the correct choice of ADCs and DACs has especially increased recently in connection with the mass introduction of microcontrollers MC. Indeed, in addition to the ADC and DAC, it is necessary to place the processor core in the microcontroller's crystal, I/O interfaces and many other elements necessary for the functioning of the MC. The use of information converters in the construction industry imposes additional requirements on converters: for example, in building monitoring systems, precision ADCs with extremely high accuracy are often required (while performance may be low), in other applications it is necessary to provide the necessary parameters at a high level of industrial interference, etc. This article explores issues related to the rational choice of ADCs and DACs, taking into account current trends in the IT field and the specifics of work in the construction industry. Sigma-Delta converters are noted as the most promising models of direct type converters.

Cost-Effective Directional Drilling and Logging-While-Drilling Operational/Maintenance Model Aids an East Africa Operator to Deliver Its Remote Location Exploration Campaign

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Lunney
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Remote Maintenance ◽  
Support Team ◽  
High Level ◽  
Remote Assistance ◽  
Level Of Experience ◽  
Maintenance Model

ABSTRACT In a cost-sensitive market driven by depressed commodity prices, significant capital challenges exist for operators interested in pursuing exploration activities in remote environments to define their producible reserves. This paper explores the organizational and operational model developed by a service company over several remote area mobilizations; this model resulted in an optimized low-cost service delivery model characterized by top quartile operational key performance indicators (KPIs). The model centralizes critical functions of an operational organization into discrete service units that are located near the operational location or that provide remote assistance with communication and reporting lines in place to function effectively. Top quartile operational performance and tool availability is a result of placing a remote repair and maintenance facility that includes containerized specialty modules near the operational area. The upfront bottomhole assembly engineering, 24/7 monitoring, and proactive feedback of logged data, drillstring dynamics, and wellbore hydraulics are performed by a core team of subject matter experts in their respective disciplines from an established centralized operating center. The operational KPIs over the course of the six well exploration campaign provided substantial evidence to support the reliability of the model and the high level of experience used in both the remote maintenance facility and the operations center support team.

scholarly journals Development of integrated intelligent computer-aided design system for mechanical power-transmitting mechanism design

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781401771038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isad Saric ◽  
Adil Muminovic ◽  
Mirsad Colic ◽  
Senad Rahimic
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Numerical Control ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Design System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Intelligent Computer

This article presents architecture of integrated intelligent computer-aided design system for designing mechanical power-transmitting mechanisms (IICADkmps). The system has been developed in C# program environment with the aim of automatising the design process. This article presents a modern, automated approach to design. Developed kmps modules for calculation of geometrical and design characteristics of mechanical power-transmitting mechanisms are described. Three-dimensional geometrical parameter modelling of mechanical power-transmitting mechanisms was performed in the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing/computer-aided engineering system CATIA V5. The connection between kmps calculation modules and CATIA V5 modelling system was established through initial three-dimensional models – templates. The outputs from the developed IICADkmps system generated final three-dimensional virtual models of mechanical power-transmitting mechanisms. Testing of the developed IICADkmps system was performed on friction, belt, cogged (spur and bevel gears) and chain transmitting mechanisms. Also, connection of the developed IICADkmps system with a device for rapid prototyping and computer numerical control machines was made for the purpose of additional testing and verification of practical use. Physical prototypes of designed characteristic elements of mechanical power-transmitting mechanisms were manufactured. The selected test three-dimensional virtual prototypes, obtained as an output from the developed IICADkmps system, were manufactured on the device for rapid prototyping (three-dimensional colour printer Spectrum Z510) and computer numerical control machines. Finally, at the end of the article, conclusions and suggested possible directions of further research, based on theoretical and practical research results, are presented.

scholarly journals Fabric Vest Socket with Embroidered Electrodes for Control of Myoelectric Prosthesis

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seulah Lee ◽  
Babar Jamil ◽  
Sunhong Kim ◽  
Youngjin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrode Impedance ◽  
Rigid Support ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Myoelectric Prosthesis ◽  
Myoelectric Prostheses ◽  
Average Classification Accuracy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Semg Signals

Myoelectric prostheses assist users to live their daily lives. However, the majority of users are primarily confined to forearm amputees because the surface electromyography (sEMG) that understands the motion intents should be acquired from a residual limb for control of the myoelectric prosthesis. This study proposes a novel fabric vest socket that includes embroidered electrodes suitable for a high-level upper amputee, especially for shoulder disarticulation. The fabric vest socket consists of rigid support and a fabric vest with embroidered electrodes. Several experiments were conducted to verify the practicality of the developed vest socket with embroidered electrodes. The sEMG signals were measured using commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes for a comparison to verify the performance of the embroidered electrodes in terms of signal amplitudes, the skin-electrode impedance, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). These results showed that the embroidered electrodes were as effective as the commercial electrodes. Then, posture classification was carried out by able-bodied subjects for the usability of the developed vest socket. The average classification accuracy for each subject reached 97.92%, and for all the subjects it was 93.2%. In other words, the fabric vest socket with the embroidered electrodes could measure sEMG signals with high accuracy. Therefore, it is expected that it can be readily worn by high-level amputees to control their myoelectric prostheses, as well as it is cost effective for fabrication as compared with the traditional socket.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES AS A PROSPECTIVE DIRECTION OF PLANNING ACTIVITIES OF HOTEL AND RESTAURANT ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljudmila Neshchadym ◽  
Svetlana Тymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Internal State ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Product Portfolio ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
High Level

The article monitors and analyzes the main strategies for the development of hotel and restaurant enterprises and, accordingly, increase their efficiency and competitiveness; the process of organization and economic planning of hotel and restaurant enterprises has been improved. It is investigated that the enterprises of hotel and restaurant industry of Ukraine partially provide the necessary quality indicators for the provided services, and this is the reason for the insufficient level of competitiveness of services in the domestic market and in European countries. An urgent problem of planning and organizing the activities of hotel and restaurant enterprises is the use of innovative strategies and areas of long-term development to increase the level of competitiveness and quality of services provided. This will intensify innovation processes in Ukraine in the field of services. Innovative strategies and promising areas of development of hotel and restaurant enterprises are extremely important in the management of hotel and restaurant complexes. Innovative strategies in the hotel and restaurant industry are cost-effective and feasible provided a high level of profitability, improving the service process, expanding the range of services, reducing costs, increasing competitiveness, improve and optimize the work of all hotel or restaurant services. The application of innovative strategies in the process of hotel and restaurant enterprises allows them to compete in the field of service. In conditions of fierce competition and rapidly changing market conditions, it is very important not only to focus on the internal state of affairs of the enterprise, but also to develop a long-term strategy. Economic activity requires constant innovation. All services offered by hotel and restaurant enterprises must be introduced in modern innovative ways. This is the basis for successful business, maintaining a consistently high level of competitiveness and improving the quality of service. The selection of the optimal innovation strategy for a hotel or restaurant company is carried out by its management based on the analysis of key factors that characterize its condition and the state of the product portfolio.

scholarly journals Features of the functioning of the Ukrainian market for design work and the development of design in a pandemic.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
L.V. Shumak
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Price ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Positioning Strategy ◽  
Economic Characteristic ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost

The market for design work in civil and industrial construction was one of the first to react to the crisis trends during a pandemic in the economy. Back in 2013, the volume of orders declined, and the peak of the decline was in 2014. The main reason for the difficulties is the reduction in investment programs of civil and industrial enterprises, and developers. The Ukrainian market for design works is distinguished by a high level of competition. A large number of design companies are actively working in this market niche. This fact constantly pushes market participants to take active steps to adjust the competitive strategy, positioning strategy and pricing. The primary signs of a crisis in design are also recognized through price indicators, which personify both the cost of the project or design services, and the results of the project enterprise, taking into account the factors that form the price level. In recent years, the price indicators of the construction industry have been unstable and completely dependent on external market conditions. Price as an economic characteristic is a significant regulator in the project market of Ukraine and abroad. The design market is the backbone of the construction industry with a volume of over UAH 1 billion per year and high added value. The field requires highly qualified staffing and the introduction of modern technologies. Outdated systems of training, certification of specialists and technical regulation hinder the development of the project market in Ukraine. The market is prone to underestimated cost of design work. In 2018, the share of design in the total cost of construction in Ukraine averaged 1.5-2%; in France it was 8-13%, and in Great Britain the level reached 10-17%. There is practically no system of state orders for design. Today our market is characterized by technological backwardness. The work of designers is low-paid, which, accordingly, affects the quality. High-quality architecture is more expensive than low-quality one. In Ukraine, the demand for quality design is just beginning to emerge. In this regard, it is very important to create a competitive environment that will contribute to development. The project market, like the construction industry as a whole, is extremely heterogeneous. Currently, there are thousands of various design bureaus and small workshops in Ukraine, employing no more than ten people, and the number of freelance designers cannot be statistically estimated. Prices for design, as well as the approaches used to provide services, differ dramatically in these organizations. A high price for a service does not necessarily guarantee that the quality of its delivery will be the same. Therefore, first of all, one should imagine what kind of work will be performed and what their essence is. Many investors prefer to design their facilities using the services of European specialists. What are the features and secrets of the Ukrainian project market? Are there really so few good designers in their country, and by what parameters can they still be found? The article examines the features of the functioning of the Ukrainian market for design work and the development of design in a pandemic.

scholarly journals A flexible user-interface for audiovisual presentation and interactive control in neurobehavioral experiments

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Christopher T Noto ◽  
Suleman Mazhar ◽  
James Gnadt ◽  
Jagmeet S Kanwal
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Digital Signal Processor ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Interactive Control ◽  
High Level ◽  
Behavioral Monitoring

A major problem facing behavioral neuroscientists is a lack of unified, vendor-distributed data acquisition systems that allow stimulus presentation and behavioral monitoring while recording neural activity. Numerous systems perform one of these tasks well independently, but to our knowledge, a useful package with a straightforward user interface does not exist. Here we describe the development of a flexible, script-based user interface that enables customization for real-time stimulus presentation, behavioral monitoring and data acquisition. The experimental design can also incorporate neural microstimulation paradigms. We used this interface to deliver multimodal, auditory and visual (images or video) stimuli to a nonhuman primate and acquire single-unit data. Our design is cost-effective and works well with commercially available hardware and software. Our design incorporates a script, providing high-level control of data acquisition via a sequencer running on a digital signal processor to enable behaviorally triggered control of the presentation of visual and auditory stimuli. Our experiments were conducted in combination with eye-tracking hardware. The script, however, is designed to be broadly useful to neuroscientists who may want to deliver stimuli of different modalities using any animal model.

Study on Open CNC Control System Based on GUC Motion Controller

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 1482-1486
Author(s):  
Jian Wen Zhao ◽  
Wei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
System Model ◽  
Numerical Control System ◽  
Motion Controller ◽  
Motion Platform ◽  
Open Cnc ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Open Numerical Control System ◽  
High Level

This paper mainly focuses on designing an open CNC system. At first, the advantages and disadvantages of the three popular open numerical control technologies were discussed, and on the basis of demands analysis, this paper chose motion controller plus PC as the whole system model. Then, according to the system model, this article designed the hardware system for the control system, including choosing multi-axis motion control card, servo motors and their drivers. Thirdly, based on the features of this open numerical control system, the paper designed and put the software into three levels, namely low level of control software, mid-level of communication software, and high-level of management software respectively. Finally, in order to test the control performance of this open numerical control system, some experiments were carried out on a two-dimension motion platform, the results are satisfactory and error analysis on these experiments is also given out.

Offloading Operability of Small Scale AG FLNG With Side-by-Side Moored Small Scale LNG Carrier in Offshore West Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mun-sung Kim ◽  
Eric Morilhat ◽  
X. C. Nguyen ◽  
Bo-hee Kim ◽  
Jung-moon Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Relative Motion ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
High Level

This study describes one of the technical solutions for Small Scale FLNG (SSFLNG)[1] development specifically designed to monetize Associated Gas (AG) of producing oil fields located within convenient distance of an existing LNG Plant or Port with LNG storage facility. Limited production capacity combined with short range small scale LNG carriers (SSLNGC), provide a cost effective means for LNG production. Ship to ship off-loading operation by loading arm has been considered in AG SSFLNG. Produced LNG is to be off-loaded from the SSFLNG to side-by-side moored SSLNGC. Relative motion and dynamic load acting on loading arm system in side-by-side mooring arrangement is one of key factors to estimate the offloading operability of the AG SSFLNG. In this paper, a numerical two-body motion analysis for the side-by-side moored SSFLNG in frequency- and time-domain is carried out. Also, the basic engineering work is carried out for the marine loading arms (MLA). Since the MLA reacts approximately as a linear system, it is calculated by a full spectral RAO analysis for each of the worst load cases issued from the spectral ranking. All loads and stresses inside the MLA are verified in accordance with EN1474-1[2] for the situations identified in the previous step. A high level fatigue analysis focused on the cryogenic swivel joints is carried out. Based on the numerical calculation for relative motion in side-by-side moored FLNG, we have been performed structural assessment for MLA in several environment conditions. The structural integrity of both MLA and the LNGC manifold are validated during offloading for Offshore West Africa.

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