scholarly journals If spaces could talk what would they say - Spatial communication and Representation in Landscape Architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Samantha Pead
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spatial Communication ◽  
Planning Processes

<p>An important component of landscape architecture is its ability to represent processes of re-imagining and designing the places we live in. The way we represent these processes of designing landscape presents an interesting opportunity for change in the current planning mechanisms of Aotearoa, New Zealand. Planning processes, such as engagement and consultation with the public, play a critical role in our ability to design the places we work and live successfully. These processes are often complex as they seek to address a wide range of technical, political, social and environmental issues. In all there complexity it is most often the task of engaging with community which is the first to be abandoned. Meaningful community engagement is critical to the success of any public project and needs to be better understood with regards to access and agency. If done well, community engagement has the ability to create good social outcomes and can lead to a greater sense of collective ownership. Landscape Architecture has the capability to bridge the gap between planning, public space, and communities by endeavouring to re-conceptualise the current approach toward community engagement processes. Current approaches to engagement in planning remain relatively formal and most often rely solely on written modes of public participation such as submissions. Spatial methods of communication are yet to be explored and tested in community engagement and provide an opportunity to reach marginalised communities, who are often missed in the current processes. This research identifies Kilbirnie as a suburb on the brink of significant spatial and social change. Based upon its spatial proximity to Wellington’s CBD, its growing and diversifying community, Kilbirnie presents a contentious site for future planning. The aim of this research is to expand traditional engagement mechanisms by using spatial mediums which provoke, and in turn, create meaningful community participation in the long term planning of Kilbirnie. This thesis will test the spatial as an effective medium for planning communication through a series of installations in Kilbirnie. The installations will be tested in sites that offer different typological qualities in order to understand how existing infrastructure can aid in the processes of spatial communication and engagement. This research argues that through installation and spatial communication it is possible to transform traditional forms of representation in planning and the attitudes of communities toward engaging with planning.</p>

scholarly journals If spaces could talk what would they say - Spatial communication and Representation in Landscape Architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Samantha Pead
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spatial Communication ◽  
Planning Processes

<p>An important component of landscape architecture is its ability to represent processes of re-imagining and designing the places we live in. The way we represent these processes of designing landscape presents an interesting opportunity for change in the current planning mechanisms of Aotearoa, New Zealand. Planning processes, such as engagement and consultation with the public, play a critical role in our ability to design the places we work and live successfully. These processes are often complex as they seek to address a wide range of technical, political, social and environmental issues. In all there complexity it is most often the task of engaging with community which is the first to be abandoned. Meaningful community engagement is critical to the success of any public project and needs to be better understood with regards to access and agency. If done well, community engagement has the ability to create good social outcomes and can lead to a greater sense of collective ownership. Landscape Architecture has the capability to bridge the gap between planning, public space, and communities by endeavouring to re-conceptualise the current approach toward community engagement processes. Current approaches to engagement in planning remain relatively formal and most often rely solely on written modes of public participation such as submissions. Spatial methods of communication are yet to be explored and tested in community engagement and provide an opportunity to reach marginalised communities, who are often missed in the current processes. This research identifies Kilbirnie as a suburb on the brink of significant spatial and social change. Based upon its spatial proximity to Wellington’s CBD, its growing and diversifying community, Kilbirnie presents a contentious site for future planning. The aim of this research is to expand traditional engagement mechanisms by using spatial mediums which provoke, and in turn, create meaningful community participation in the long term planning of Kilbirnie. This thesis will test the spatial as an effective medium for planning communication through a series of installations in Kilbirnie. The installations will be tested in sites that offer different typological qualities in order to understand how existing infrastructure can aid in the processes of spatial communication and engagement. This research argues that through installation and spatial communication it is possible to transform traditional forms of representation in planning and the attitudes of communities toward engaging with planning.</p>

Novel Centrifugal Compressor Architecture for Wide-Range Operation: A Feasibility Assessment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Krivitzky ◽  
Louis M. Larosiliere
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stability Boundary ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Series ◽  
Low Efficiency

Turbocharger compressor performance plays a critical role in the ability of advanced Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) to meet the required fuel economy and drivability targets. Increased use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) combined with engine downsizing has pushed compressor operation towards — and often beyond — the stability boundary. However, certain applications and market trends require that no compromise be made to the rated power conditions. This has led to a highly disparate set of requirements for a single turbocharger system resulting in much of the compressor map, including the highest-efficiency area, unused or underutilized. A large percentage of the drive cycle is spent operating the compressor at low flow rates and low pressure ratios, near the compressor surge line, in an area of low efficiency. Compromises in efficiency in critical regions of engine operation result from balancing the disparate requirements. A current approach to meeting these disparate flow targets is the use of two turbochargers in series that are sized such that the operating compressor efficiency is markedly improved. This paper introduces a novel, hybrid single-stage compressor architecture which aerodynamically matches the functions of a series sequential dual turbocharger compression system. The use of a variable flow rate inducer bypass can provide a throttleable work-adding alternate flowpath for high-flow conditions, essentially emulating an efficient large compressor when the bypass is open and a small compressor when the bypass is closed. Using the variable bypass, the low-flow performance improves through an aerodynamically regulated inducer that is tailored to this flow regime. An engineering feasibility assessment supported by CFD, vector diagram analysis, and structural FEA suggest a substantial potential for improved performance across a wide flow range with this novel architecture.

Sharing Seoul: Appropriating Alleys as Communal Space through Localized Sharing Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Im Sik Cho ◽  
Blaž Križnik
Keyword(s):  
Community Engagement ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Communal Life ◽  
Relationship Networks ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Communal Space

Sharing practices are an important part of urban life. This article examines the appropriation of alleys as communal space to understand how sharing practices are embedded in localities, how communal space is constituted and maintained, and how this sustains communal life. In this way, the article aims to understand the spatial dimension of sharing practices, and the role of communal space in strengthening social relationship networks and urban sustainability. Seowon Maeul and Samdeok Maeul in Seoul are compared in terms of their urban regeneration approaches, community engagement in planning, street improvement, and the consequences that the transformation had on the appropriation of alleys as communal space. The research findings show that community engagement in planning is as important as the provision of public space if streets are to be appropriated as communal space. Community engagement has changed residents' perception and use of alleys as a shared resource in the neighbourhood by improving their capacity to act collectively and collaborate with other stakeholders in addressing problems and opportunities in cities.

The Right to Bodily Integrity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Brysk
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Global Pattern ◽  
Popular Resistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Right

In Chapter 7, we profile the global pattern of sexual violence. We will consider conflict rape and transitional justice response in Peru and Colombia, along with the plight of women displaced by conflict from Syria and Central America, and limited international policy response. State-sponsored sexual violence and popular resistance to reclaim public space will be chronicled in Egypt as well as Mexico. We will track intensifying public sexual assault amid social crisis in Turkey, South Africa, and India, which has been met by a wide range of public protest, legal reform, and policy change. For a contrasting experience of the privatization of sexual assault in developed democracies, we will trace campus, workplace, and military rape in the United States.

Shooting a Tiger

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijaya Ramadas Mandala
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
British Raj ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Forest Legislation ◽  
Imperial Governance ◽  
North And South

The main contention of Shooting a Tiger is that hunting during the colonial period was not merely a recreational activity, but a practice intimately connected with imperial governance. The book positions shikar or hunting at the heart of colonial rule by demonstrating that, for the British in India, it served as a political, practical, and symbolic apparatus in the consolidation of power and rule during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The book analyses early colonial hunting during the Company period, and then surveys different aspects of hunting during the high imperial decades in the later nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The book draws upon an impressive array of archival material and uses a wide range of evidence to support its contentions. It examines hunting at a variety of social and ethnic levels—military, administrative, elite, princely India, Indian professional hunters, and in terms of Indian auxiliaries and (sometimes) resisters. It also deals with different geographical contexts—the plains, the mountains, north and south India. The exclusive privilege of hunting exercised by the ruling classes, following colonial forest legislation, continued to be extended to the Indian princes who played a critical role in sustaining the lavish hunts that became the hallmark of the late nineteenth-century British Raj. Hunting was also a way of life in colonial India, undertaken by officials and soldiers alike alongside their everyday duties, necessary for their mental sustenance and vital for the smooth operation of the colonial administration. There are also two final chapters on conservation, particularly the last chapter focusing on two British hunter-turned-conservationists, Jim Corbett and Colonel Richard Burton.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of Zeb1 Interactome in Breast Carcinoma Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3143
Author(s):  
Sergey E. Parfenyev ◽  
Sergey V. Shabelnikov ◽  
Danila Y. Pozdnyakov ◽  
Olga O. Gnedina ◽  
Leonid S. Adonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Survival Prognosis ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Wide Range

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignant neoplasm and the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition (EMT) plays a critical role in the organism development, providing cell migration and tissue formation. However, its erroneous activation in malignancies can serve as the basis for the dissemination of cancer cells and metastasis. The Zeb1 transcription factor, which regulates the EMT activation, has been shown to play an essential role in malignant transformation. This factor is involved in many signaling pathways that influence a wide range of cellular functions via interacting with many proteins that affect its transcriptional functions. Importantly, the interactome of Zeb1 depends on the cellular context. Here, using the inducible expression of Zeb1 in epithelial breast cancer cells, we identified a substantial list of novel potential Zeb1 interaction partners, including proteins involved in the formation of malignant neoplasms, such as ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX17and a component of the NURD repressor complex, CTBP2. We confirmed the presence of the selected interactors by immunoblotting with specific antibodies. Further, we demonstrated that co-expression of Zeb1 and CTBP2 in breast cancer patients correlated with the poor survival prognosis, thus signifying the functionality of the Zeb1–CTBP2 interaction.

scholarly journals Development of cancer metabolism as a therapeutic target: new pathways, patient studies, stratification and combination therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Cancer Metabolism ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Studies

AbstractCancer metabolism has undergone a resurgence in the last decade, 70 years after Warburg described aerobic glycolysis as a feature of cancer cells. A wide range of techniques have elucidated the complexity and heterogeneity in preclinical models and clinical studies. What emerges are the large differences between tissues, tumour types and intratumour heterogeneity. However, synergies with inhibition of metabolic pathways have been found for many drugs and therapeutic approaches, and a critical role of window studies and translational trial design is key to success.

scholarly journals Determinants of vitamin D status in Kenyan calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Callaby ◽  
Emma Hurst ◽  
Ian Handel ◽  
Phil Toye ◽  
Barend M. de C. Bronsvoort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractVitamin D plays a critical role in calcium homeostasis and in the maintenance and development of skeletal health. Vitamin D status has increasingly been linked to non-skeletal health outcomes such as all-cause mortality, infectious diseases and reproductive outcomes in both humans and veterinary species. We have previously demonstrated a relationship between vitamin D status, assessed by the measurement of serum concentrations of the major vitamin D metabolite 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and a wide range of non-skeletal health outcomes in companion and wild animals. The aims of this study were to define the host and environmental factors associated with vitamin D status in a cohort of 527 calves from Western Kenya which were part of the Infectious Disease of East African Livestock (IDEAL) cohort. A secondary aim was to explore the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations measured in 7-day old calves and subsequent health outcomes over the following 12 months. A genome wide association study demonstrated that both dietary and endogenously produced vitamin D metabolites were under polygenic control in African calves. In addition, we found that neonatal vitamin D status was not predictive of the subsequent development of an infectious disease event or mortality over the 12 month follow up period.

scholarly journals What makes or breaks higher education community engagement in the South African rural school context: A multiple-partner perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Gabriel Machimana ◽  
Maximus Monaheng Sefotho ◽  
Liesel Ebersöhn
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
School Context ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Multiple Partner ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Education Community ◽  
Wide Range

The purpose of this study is to inform global citizenship practice as a higher education agenda by comparing the retrospective experiences of a range of community engagement partners and including often silent voices of non-researcher partners. Higher education–community engagement aims to contribute to social justice as it constructs and transfers new knowledge from the perspectives of a wide range of community engagement partners. This qualitative secondary analysis study was framed theoretically by the transformative–emancipatory paradigm. Existing case data, generated on retrospective experiences of community engagement partners in a long-term community engagement partnership, were conveniently sampled to analyse and compare a range of community engagement experiences ( parents of student clients ( n = 12: females 10, males 2), teachers from the partner rural school ( n = 18: females 12, males 6), student-educational psychology clients ( n = 31: females 14, males 17), Academic Service-Learning ( ASL) students ( n = 20: females 17, males 3) and researchers ( n = 12: females 11, males 1). Following thematic in-case and cross-case analysis, it emerged that all higher education–community engagement partners experienced that socio-economic challenges (defined as rural school adversities, include financial, geographic and social challenges) are addressed when an higher education–community engagement partnership exists, but that particular operational challenges (communication barriers, time constraints, workload and unclear scope, inconsistent feedback, as well as conflicting expectations) hamper higher education–community engagement partnership. A significant insight from this study is that a range of community engagement partners experience similar challenges when a university and rural school partner. All community engagement partners experienced that higher education–community engagement is challenged by the structural disparity between the rural context and operational miscommunication.

Wildlife management and the debate on the ethics of animal use. II. A challenge for the animal protection movement.

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lunney
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Animal Liberation ◽  
Ethical Imperative ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Animal Use

How people coexist and interact with animals has become an intensely debated issue in recent times, particularly with the rise of the animal protection movement following the publication of Peter Singer’s book Animal Liberation in 1975. This paper discusses some shortcomings of the philosophical positions taken in this complex debate. Singer has helped put animals on a new footing as a group that cannot morally be ignored, but his focus is mainly on individual, familiar animals that are used or abused by humans. The argument of this paper is that the ethics of managing wildlife hinges on a broader view of animals, and their contexts, than is apparent from Singer’s text. Wildlife managers aim to conserve populations of a wide range of species, and their habitats, but some mechanisms for achieving these aims, such as research and the control of invasive animals, are frequently opposed by elements of the animal protection movement. We need to adapt our attitude to animals, particularly wildlife, away from the traditional legacy of a few familiar species to embrace an ethic that is more ecological and relevant to Australian contexts. The case argued here has been to see the critical role of context — geographical, ecological, historical, relational — as a basis for a degree of reconciliation between conservation-oriented wildlife managers and the rising interest in the ethics of animal use. There is much to be gained for zoologists, wildlife managers and conservation biologists by framing key elements of their case in ethical arguments. Conversely, the challenge for those in the animal protection movement is to expand their philosophical ideas to include the ethical imperative of the conservation of populations of wildlife.

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